Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Cohort studies in North America and western Europe have reported increased risk of mortality associated with long-term exposure to fine particles (PM2.5), but to date, no such studies have been reported in China, where higher levels of exposure are experienced. OBJECTIVES:We estimated the association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 with nonaccidental and cause-specific mortality in a cohort of Chinese men. METHODS:We conducted a prospective cohort study of 189,793 men 40 y old or older during 1990-91 from 45 areas in China. Annual average PM2.5 levels for the years 1990, 1995, 2000, and 2005 were estimated for each cohort location using a combination of satellite-based estimates, chemical transport model simulations, and ground-level measurements developed for the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2013 study. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for nonaccidental cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung-cancer mortality. We also assessed the shape of the concentration-response relationship and compared the risk estimates with those predicted by Integrated Exposure-Response (IER) function, which incorporated estimates of mortality risk from previous cohort studies in western Europe and North America. RESULTS:The mean level of PM2.5 exposure during 2000-2005 was 43.7 μg/m3 (ranging from 4.2 to 83.8 μg/m3). Mortality HRs (95% CI) per 10-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 were 1.09 (1.08, 1.09) for nonaccidental causes; 1.09 (1.08, 1.10) for CVD, 1.12 (1.10, 1.13) for COPD; and 1.12 (1.07, 1.14) for lung cancer. The HR estimate from our cohort was consistently higher than IER predictions. CONCLUSIONS:Long-term exposure to PM2.5 was associated with nonaccidental, CVD, lung cancer, and COPD mortality in China. The IER estimator may underestimate the excess relative risk of cause-specific mortality due to long-term exposure to PM2.5 over the exposure range experienced in China and other low- and middle-income countries. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1673.
journal_name
Environ Health Perspectjournal_title
Environmental health perspectivesauthors
Yin P,Brauer M,Cohen A,Burnett RT,Liu J,Liu Y,Liang R,Wang W,Qi J,Wang L,Zhou Mdoi
10.1289/EHP1673subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-11-07 00:00:00pages
117002issue
11eissn
0091-6765issn
1552-9924pii
EHP1673journal_volume
125pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Locating geographic hot spots of cancer may lead to new causal hypotheses and ultimately to new knowledge of cancer-causing factors. The Cape Cod region of Massachusetts has experienced elevated incidence of breast cancer compared with statewide averages. The origins of the excess remain largely unexplained, even afte...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
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