Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Attention models view attention as having at least two components: endogenous attention defined as executive and directed by voluntary acts, and exogenous attention defined as automatic and directed by external stimulation. METHODS:Three studies (2 of our own) were designed to evaluate the decline of these two components of attention in normal aging and two neurodegenerative diseases. Standardized tests derived from Posner's model of visuospatial attention were administered to normal healthy elderly participants (n = 13), patients suffering from Huntington's disease (HD; n = 17) and Alzheimer's disease (n = 15), and matched control subjects (n = 57). Outcome measures were reaction time (RT) and RT difference score (defined as invalid RT minus valid RT). RESULTS:In healthy elderly participants, the decline was more pronounced for endogenous attention in situations of perceptual conflict. In Alzheimer's disease, there was a significant decline in both attention components, while in HD, voluntary attention was markedly impaired and automatic attention preserved. CONCLUSIONS:Normal aging and HD are characterized by decreased endogenous attention in situations of perceptual conflict. Our data support previous findings that older people display impairment of attention in complex perceptual situations. We propose a model which allows for the separation of attention pathologies, thus improving therapeutic strategies for patients and elderly.
journal_name
Psychother Psychosomjournal_title
Psychotherapy and psychosomaticsauthors
Peretti CS,Ferreri F,Blanchard F,Bakchine S,Peretti CR,Dobrescu A,Chouinard VA,Chouinard Gdoi
10.1159/000116607subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-01-01 00:00:00pages
139-46issue
3eissn
0033-3190issn
1423-0348pii
000116607journal_volume
77pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Clinicians and researchers synthesize data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of antidepressants to make conclusions about the efficacy of medications for depression. All treatments include nonspecific factors in addition to the specific effects of drugs, and study design may influence patient outcomes...
journal_title:Psychotherapy and psychosomatics
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journal_title:Psychotherapy and psychosomatics
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journal_title:Psychotherapy and psychosomatics
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journal_title:Psychotherapy and psychosomatics
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journal_title:Psychotherapy and psychosomatics
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journal_title:Psychotherapy and psychosomatics
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journal_title:Psychotherapy and psychosomatics
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journal_title:Psychotherapy and psychosomatics
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journal_title:Psychotherapy and psychosomatics
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journal_title:Psychotherapy and psychosomatics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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