Abstract:
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:In ACTIVE-W, oral anticoagulation (OAC) was more efficacious than combined clopidogrel plus aspirin (C+A) in preventing vascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation. However, because OAC carries important bleeding complications, risk stratification schemes have been devised to identify patients for whom the absolute benefits of OAC exceed its risks. METHODS:Participants were risk-stratified with the widely-used CHADS(2) scheme. Treatment-specific rates of stroke and major bleeding were calculated for patients with a CHADS(2)=1 and compared to those with a CHADS(2)>1. RESULTS:Observed stroke rates for those with a CHADS(2)=1 were 1.25% per year on C+A and 0.43% per year on OAC (RR=2.96, 95% CI: 1.26 to 6.98, P=0.01). Among patients with a CHADS(2)>1, the stroke rates were 3.15% per year on C+A and 2.01% per year on OAC (RR=1.58, 95% CI: 1.11 to 2.24, P=0.01) (P for interaction between stroke risk category and efficacy of OAC=0.19). The risk of major bleeding during OAC was significantly lower among patients with CHADS(2)=1 (1.36% per year) compared with CHADS(2)>1 (2.75% per year) (RR=0.49, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.79, P=0.003). CONCLUSIONS:In this clinical trial, patients with a CHADS(2)=1 had a low risk of stroke, yet still derived a modest (<1% per year) but statistically significant absolute reduction in stroke with OAC and had low rates of major hemorrhage on OAC.
journal_name
Strokejournal_title
Strokeauthors
Healey JS,Hart RG,Pogue J,Pfeffer MA,Hohnloser SH,De Caterina R,Flaker G,Yusuf S,Connolly SJdoi
10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.500199subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-05-01 00:00:00pages
1482-6issue
5eissn
0039-2499issn
1524-4628pii
STROKEAHA.107.500199journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验相关文献
STROKE文献大全abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The composition of carotid atherosclerosis was visualized by using 3D MRI at high resolution with 200-micrometer (3) voxels. Magnetic resonance signal characteristics were correlated with plaque components, including collagenous cap, necrotic core, and calcification, to define resolution and othe...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/hs1101.098663
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Tacrolimus, an immunosuppressant agent, has been shown to reduce tissue injury and leukocyte accumulation after transient ischemia. This study was designed to evaluate quantitatively the inhibitory effects of tacrolimus on leukocyte rolling and on subsequent leukocyte accumulation in vivo after t...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.29.7.1431
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Mild hypothermia has been shown to ameliorate neuronal damage due to cerebral ischemia. In our study, the influence of mild-to-moderate hypothermia was examined in a rabbit model of focal cerebral ischemia. METHODS:After 4 hours of permanent ischemia induced by occlusion of the anterior and midd...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.23.6.889
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The rarity of intracranial vascular malformations (IVMs) and the infrequency of their outcomes make large, prolonged cohort studies the best means to evaluate their frequency and prognosis. METHODS:The Scottish Intracranial Vascular Malformation Study (SIVMS) is a prototype prospective, populati...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000069012.23858.69
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Patients with acute ischemic stroke and intracranial arterial obstructions have a poor prognosis and a high probability of deteriorating at 24 hours. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of power motion mode Doppler (PMD-TCD) compared with CT angiography as standard in diagnosing intracra...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.542704
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Pial arterioles transiently dilate during cortical spreading depression (CSD), although the mechanisms are unclear. We tested the hypothesis that increased production of nitric oxide (NO) promotes arteriolar dilation. METHODS:Urethane-anesthetized rabbits were equipped with cranial windows, and ...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.25.12.2463
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Several studies have reported a better functional outcome in lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) compared with deep location. However, among lobar ICH, a correlation of hemorrhage site-involving the specific lobes-with functional outcome has not been established. METHODS:Conservatively treated ...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.015890
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Specialized management of patients with stroke is not available in all hospitals. We evaluated whether prehospital management in the Stroke Emergency Mobile (STEMO) improves the triage of patients with stroke. METHODS:STEMO is an ambulance staffed with a specialized stroke team and equipped with...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.114.008159
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The media cross-sectional area, the media thickness, the internal radius and the ratio between media thickness and internal radius were determined in consecutive sections of extraparenchymal cerebral arteries of 7- and 12-month-old normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats. The study included intracranial pial ...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.16.2.313
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Ageing is associated with a decline in cerebral blood flow. Animal studies have shown that cholesterol-lowering therapy with statins might preserve cerebral blood flow (CBF). We examined the effect of 40 mg pravastatin on the decline in CBF and brain volume in a subset of elderly subjects partici...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000173162.88600.29
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a generalized inflammatory state. The primary goal of the study was to determine whether differences exist in outcomes in SIRS and non-SIRS intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator-treated patients. METHODS:Consecutive patients were retrospe...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.001371
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background and Purpose- Imaging is frequently used to select acute stroke patients for intra-arterial therapy. Quantitative cerebral blood flow can be measured noninvasively with arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging. Cerebral blood flow levels in the contralateral (unaffected) hemisphere may affect capaci...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.026499
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:This work was undertaken to determine to what degree long-term neurofunctional outcome of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury in mice correlates with anatomical extent of cerebral damage assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histopathology. METHODS:On postnatal day 7, mice wer...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000137768.25203.df
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The Pediatric National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (PedNIHSS), an adaptation of the adult National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, is a quantitative measure of stroke severity shown to be reliable when scored prospectively. The ability to calculate the PedNIHSS score retrospectively woul...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.633305
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebral autoregulation can be duplicated in vitro using the large middle cerebral arteries from a calf. The limits of autoregulation were between 50 and 150 mm Hg. Excessively high pressures may lead to the appearance of the "sausage- or bead-string" response followed by forced dilation. These results suggest the exi...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.12.5.640
更新日期:1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leukoaraiosis quantified by computerized densitometric measurements of reduced Hounsfield numbers was correlated with local cerebral blood flow on the same computed tomographic images of 35 patients with multi-infarct dementia and 16 age-matched elderly normal volunteers. The ratio for area of frontal leukoaraiosis to...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.22.5.609
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Thromboxane prostaglandin receptors have been implicated to be involved in the atherosclerotic process. We assessed whether Terutroban, a thromboxane prostaglandin receptor antagonist, affects the progression of atherosclerosis, as measured by common carotid intima-media thickness and carotid pla...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.114.004775
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We produced unilateral photochemical infarcts in the hindlimb sensorimotor neocortex of 186 rats by intravenous injection of the fluorescein derivative rose bengal and focal illumination of the intact skull surface. Infarcted rats showed specific, long-lasting deficits in tactile and proprioceptive placing reactions o...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.20.10.1383
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Previous studies exploring stroke-related caregiving focused solely on informal caregiving and a relatively limited set of activities. We sought to determine whether, and at what cost, stroke survivors receive more care than matched controls using an expanded definition of caregiving and inclusio...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.012704
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Ischemic injury triggers multiple pathological responses in the brain tissue, including spreading depolarizations across the cerebral cortex (cortical spreading depolarizations [CSD]). Microglia have been recently shown to play a significant role in the propagation of CSD. However, the intracellu...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.032766
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Robust measures of functional outcome are required to determine treatment effects in stroke trials. Of the various measures available, the Barthel index (BI) is one of the more prevalent. We aimed to describe validity, reliability, and responsiveness (clinimetric properties) of the BI in stroke t...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.598540
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The contribution of genetics to stroke risk, and whether this differs for different stroke subtypes, remainsuncertain. Genomewide complex trait analysis allows heritability to be assessed from genomewide association study (GWAS) data. Previous candidate gene studies have identified many associati...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.112.665760
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Changes in adrenoceptors in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of Mongolian gerbils after brain ischemia were investigated. METHODS:Twenty-four hours after unilateral occlusion of the common carotid artery, alpha 1-, alpha 2-, and beta-receptors of the membrane fraction of the cerebral cortex o...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.26.12.2333
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blood flow velocity of the middle cerebral artery was monitored during cardiopulmonary bypass procedures by means of transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. Our investigation was carried out in a group of 16 patients with severe carotid stenosis or occlusion and in a control group of 42 patients with no or stenosis of l...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.19.6.674
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Shoulder pain is a common complication after stroke that can impede participation in rehabilitation and has been associated with poorer outcomes. Evidence-based treatments for hemiplegic shoulder pain are limited. Suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) is a safe and effective treatment of shoulder pain...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.002471
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:A variety of primary end points have been used in acute stroke trials. We focus on the modified Rankin Scale, a reliable and valid ordinal outcome measure that assesses disability on a 7-point scale. METHODS:We provide an abbreviated discussion of analytical methods for ordinal scales, and relat...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000241106.81293.2b
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two patients with left middle cerebral artery (MCA) distribution infarctions fulfilled the "hot stroke" criteria on sequential 99m Tc pertechnetate flow and static gamma camera studies. The radioisotopic finding of a paradoxical relative increased flow to the affected hemisphere correlated with serial angiography show...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.str.6.5.517
更新日期:1975-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background and Purpose- The purpose of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of CVOTs (cardiovascular outcome trials) to evaluate the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists therapy in reducing the risk of stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods- PubMed and other electronic sources we...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.027557
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Cerebral white matter changes (WMC) and lacunar infarct are both believed to be consequence of small vessel disease. Whether the extent of WMC affect the type and degree of cognitive impairment in patients with lacunar infarct is not clear. The study was undertaken to determine if WMC influences ...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000133686.29320.58
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:A previous trial (the Clomethiazole Acute Stroke Study) generated the hypothesis that clomethiazole is effective in patients with a major ischemic stroke (total anterior circulation syndrome), and this was tested in the present study. METHODS:A total of 1198 patients with major ischemic stroke a...
journal_title:Stroke
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1161/hs0102.101478
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00