Abstract:
:L-Glutamine is a requirement for many cells in tissue culture, an intermediate in many metabolic pathways, and an alternative substrate to glucose for energy metabolism. These properties suggest that glutamine concentration might be a determinant of cell viability in tumours, especially in regions that are deficient in other metabolites. We have therefore studied the effects of glutamine depletion on single cells in culture, on spheroids and on experimental tumours. Absence of glutamine suppressed the growth rate of two cell lines, but cells cultured for up to 6 h in the absence of glutamine had no decrease in plating efficiency. There was little effect on growth of MGH-U1 (human bladder cancer) spheroids of varying the glutamine concentration in the range of 0.1 to 2 mM and spheroids exposed to these concentrations did not develop central necrosis. Lower concentration of glutamine suppressed the rate of spheroid growth, and spheroids did not grow in the absence of glutamine. Pseudomonas 7A glutaminase reduced the survival of cells in glutamine-free culture and prevented growth of spheroids. Glutaminase was injected into mice bearing experimental tumours to reduce blood levels of glutamine; some animals also received 15 Gy radiation to their tumours to assess the effects of glutamine levels on surviving nutrient-deprived (i.e. hypoxic) cells. Glutaminase had no effect on cell survival in the Lewis lung tumour or in MGH-U1 xenografts, with or without radiation; glutaminase caused dose-dependent growth delay of the KHT tumour, which was additive to that caused by radiation. The present results suggest that (i) short-term changes of glutamine concentration have small effects on cell viability; and (ii) depletion of glutamine levels in blood through the in vivo use of glutaminase is unlikely to produce major therapeutic effects against nutrient-deprived cells in solid tumours.
journal_name
Br J Cancerjournal_title
British journal of cancerauthors
Tannock IF,Steele D,Roberts Jdoi
10.1038/bjc.1986.234subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-11-01 00:00:00pages
733-41issue
5eissn
0007-0920issn
1532-1827journal_volume
54pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Raltitrexed, a thymidylate synthase inhibitor, was given to 21 patients with advanced small-cell lung cancer, at a dose of 3 mg m(-2) as a 15-min intravenous infusion at 21-day intervals. All of the patients had extensive disease and 17 had received prior therapy. Patients with disease refractory to primary chemothera...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1997.373
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many theories mention hypersensitive, promiscuous, outlaw or bypass signalling pathways to explain the acquisition of hormone independence in prostate cancer. Hormonal escape of prostate tumours is marked by many biological changes, including mucinous and neuroendocrine differentiation. Since expression of several muc...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6601570
更新日期:2004-02-09 00:00:00
abstract::Postoperative hyperplasia enhances experimental intestinal carcinogenesis, but the effects of nonsurgical adaptation are uncertain. The tropic and tumour-promoting potentials of moderate hypothermia were tested in two groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats housed at 10 degrees C for 30 weeks. One group (n = 10) received a...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1987.51
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus in British women is among the highest in the world. To investigate its aetiology, we conducted a multi-centre, population based case-control study in four regions in England and Scotland. We included 74 incident cases in women with histologically confirmed diagnoses of...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1054/bjoc.2000.1121
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The family history of cancer in children treated for a solid malignant tumour in the Paediatric Oncology Department at Institute Gustave-Roussy, has been investigated. In order to determine the role of germline p53 mutations in genetic predisposition to childhood cancer, germline p53 mutations were sought in individua...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1054/bjoc.2000.1167
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hormone concentrations in blood and total 12 h urine values were compared between 40 post-menopausal women with breast cancer and 40 control women in a study which carefully controlled for the possible confounding effects of age, weight and pregnancy history by individually matching cases and controls on these factors...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1990.56
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is the precursor in the biosynthesis of porphyrins. The knowledge of both the regulation of ALA entrance and efflux from the cells and the control of porphyrin biosynthesis is essential to improve ALA-mediated photodynamic therapy. In this work, we studied the regulation of ALA uptake a...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6601066
更新日期:2003-07-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Most lung cancer patients are diagnosed at an advanced disease stage and predominantly receive palliative treatment, which increasingly consists of several chemotherapy lines. We report on patients' quality of life (QOL) to gain knowledge on QOL during and across multiple lines of chemotherapy. This includes...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.2013.585
更新日期:2013-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::A novel sterically hindered platinum complex, AMD473 [cis-aminedichloro(2-methylpyridine) platinum (II)], has been selected for phase I clinical trials due to commence in 1997. AMD473 was rationally designed to react preferentially with nucleic acids over sulphur ligands such as glutathione. This report documents the ...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1998.59
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A2 (eEF1A2) is a known proto-oncogene. We proposed that stimulation of the eEF1A2 expression in cancer tissues is caused by the loss of miRNA-mediated control. METHODS:Impact of miRNAs on eEF1A2 at the mRNA and protein levels was examined by qPCR and western blot, r...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.2013.243
更新日期:2013-06-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) have poor prognosis with upfront surgery. METHODS:This was a single-arm Phase 2 trial for clinical and biomarker analysis. The primary endpoint is 1-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate. Patients received 8 cycles of neoadjuvant modified (m) ...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41416-020-0867-x
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer incidence in the Falkland Islands, 1989-2000, was compared with rates in England and Wales, from which most Islanders originate. Colon and rectum cancer incidence was significantly raised 1989-93 but greatly reduced after 1994, when colonoscopic screening in high-risk families and sigmoidoscopic screening in th...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1054/bjoc.2001.2099
更新日期:2001-11-02 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological evidence indicates that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) protect against colorectal cancer (CRC) to a greater degree than other non-gastrointestinal cancers, but the molecular basis for this difference is unknown. We previously reported that aspirin induces signal-specific I kappa B alpha...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6601913
更新日期:2004-07-19 00:00:00
abstract::Ninety-two consecutive adult patients admitted with acute life-threatening complications of haematological malignancy were studied to determine long term outcome. The quality of life was evaluated in seven long term survivors who are currently alive more than 1 year after hospital discharge using three validated metho...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1991.430
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Inconsistencies between mitotic index (MI) and Ki67 measures have been identified in many breast tumour samples. The aim of this study was to describe the prognosis of hormone receptor-positive (HR+) HER2- tumours having discrepant MI and Ki67. METHODS:We included a cohort of breast cancer patients initiall...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.2015.239
更新日期:2015-09-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR-3) signalling mediates lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic invasion; however, the effect of VEGFR-3 inhibition on the lymph node (LN) metastasis remains unclear. The aim of this study is to clarify the benefit of a VEGFR-3 inhibitor Ki23057 for LN metastasis. ...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6605296
更新日期:2009-10-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Paired related homoeobox 1 (PRRX1) has been identified as a new epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) inducer in breast cancer. However, the function of PRRX1 in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been elucidated. METHODS:We utilised ectopic PRRX1-expressing cell lines to analyse the function of PRRX1 in CRC...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.2013.339
更新日期:2013-07-23 00:00:00
abstract::A follow-up study of 1844 renal transplant patients in Italy showed a 113-fold increased risk for Kaposi's sarcoma. Kaposi's sarcoma risk was higher in persons born in southern than in northern Italy. Significant increases were also observed for cancers of the lip, liver, kidney and for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. ...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6602346
更新日期:2005-02-14 00:00:00
abstract::The vaso-active drug hydralazine causes a considerable increase in the cytotoxic effect of melphalan towards the KHT tumour in mice. The enhancement in response, measured as the concentration of melphalan required to achieve a given tumour response, is 3.0 and 2.35 when determined using the regrowth delay assay and th...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1988.177
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The assessment of a tumour's angiogenic potential, by measuring the microvessel density in histological sections, assumes that a 4-microm section is representative of whole tumour vascularity. This study has examined this assumption by comparing the vessel density found radiologically, after injecting specimens with c...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1997.333
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human topoisomerase II enzymes are targets for a number of widely used anticancer agents. We have analysed a lung adenocarcinoma cell line CALU3, which has co-amplified topoisomerase II alpha and ERBB2 sequences, for the structure of the amplicon and for expression of both topoisomerase II alpha and beta. The region o...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1993.430
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine the hypothesis that colorectal carcinomas with and without TP53 mutations may be characterised by aetiological heterogeneity, we analysed a group of 107 patients with primary Dukes' C colorectal cancer seen at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) from 1986 to 1990. We assessed p53 overexpressi...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1995.171
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytologic examination of peritoneal lavage fluid is a useful predictor of peritoneal recurrence in gastric cancer. However, this technique is not overly sensitive and requires special abilities in the cytologist. In this study, telomerase activity was used to detect free cancer cells in peritoneal lavage fluid from pa...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1054/bjoc.2000.1408
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Advanced or metastatic disease is common in both oesophagogastric and colorectal cancers, with poor 5-year survival despite palliative chemotherapy. We have investigated the sensitivity of gastrointestinal tumours to gemcitabine in combination with mitomycin C (GeM), using a modified ex vivo ATP-based tumour chemosens...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6601403
更新日期:2003-12-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Sloane audit compares screen-detected ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) pathology with subsequent management and outcomes. METHODS:This was a national, prospective cohort study of DCIS diagnosed during 2003-2012. RESULTS:Among 11,337 patients, 7204 (64%) had high-grade DCIS. Over time, the proportion of ...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41416-020-01152-5
更新日期:2020-11-17 00:00:00
abstract::It has been postulated that paternal gonadal exposure would increase the sex ratio by inducing X-chromosomal dominant lethals but that maternal gonadal exposure would decrease the sex ratio by inducing recessive sex-linked lethals. We therefore evaluated the sex ratio (male-to-female ratio) of children born to survivo...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6600748
更新日期:2003-02-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The pathogenesis of lymph node metastases in preinvasive breast cancer – ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) – remains controversial. The one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) assay is a novel molecular method that can assess a whole node and detect clinically relevant metastases. In this retrospective coho...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.2012.168
更新日期:2012-05-08 00:00:00
abstract::Cultured cells maintained in very low oxygen levels alter their structure, metabolism and genetic expression. Culture conditions for cells were modified to minimise variation of nutrients and to allow normal survival levels after 24 h of hypoxic exposure. Under these hypoxic conditions, glucose consumption and lactate...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/bjc.1990.264
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ovulation is believed to contribute to the development of ovarian cancers that derive from the ovarian surface epithelium (OSE). The process of ovulation is synonymous with inflammation and inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) have recently been shown to induce both inflammatory and anti-infla...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6602568
更新日期:2005-05-23 00:00:00
abstract::A substantial excess risk of lymphomas and nonmelanoma skin cancer has been demonstrated following organ transplantation. Large sample size and long follow-up time may, however, allow more accurate risk estimates and detailed understanding of long-term cancer risk. The objective of the study was to assess the risk of ...
journal_title:British journal of cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6601219
更新日期:2003-10-06 00:00:00