CNS GLP-1 regulation of peripheral glucose homeostasis.

abstract：:Compared to male secondary sexual traits, the effect of testosterone (T) on female ornaments is understudied. In particular, it is unclear whether females experience different costs of T elevation than do males and how this affects the relationship between T and ornamentation in the two sexes. I experimentally and cor...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： McGraw KJ

更新日期：2006-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Wrist motions (223-471)/5 min were measured during 17-32 days of continuous recordings made from human passengers as they traveled across zero to five time zones for business and pleasure. The travelers all exhibited daily cycles of activity and rest. The duration of daily activity, alpha, was 1.1 h less at the destin...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Binkley S

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We developed and validated a method to measure steroid hormones with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in faecal samples of white-faced capuchins. The method includes the measurement of adrenal and gonadal hormones such as cortisol, testosterone, estrone, progesterone and a number of their faec...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Weltring A,Schaebs FS,Perry SE,Deschner T

更新日期：2012-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Feather pecking in domestic fowl is a behavioral abnormality that consists of mild or injurious pecking at feathers of conspecifics. Previously, it was shown that chicks from a high feather-pecking (HFP) and low feather-pecking (LFP) line of laying hens already differ in their propensity to feather peck at 14 and 28 d...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： van Hierden YM,Korte SM,Ruesink EW,van Reenen CG,Engel B,Korte-Bouws GA,Koolhaas JM,Blokhuis HJ

更新日期：2002-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:For male guinea pigs, the social rearing conditions are crucial for the course of social interactions and endocrine stress responses in later life. While colony-reared males adjust easily to new social situations, high levels of aggression and extreme endocrine responses are found in males that were raised in pairs [P...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Kaiser S,Nübold T,Rohlmann I,Sachser N

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Withdrawal from progesterone and estradiol has been used as an animal model of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). In the clinical population individual sensitivity to sex steroid hormones, personality and heredity influence PMS/PMDD. Understanding the phenotypic risk factors of PMS...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Löfgren M,Johansson IM,Meyerson B,Turkmen S,Bäckström T

更新日期：2009-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats living in a laboratory foraging paradigm began each meal by bar pressing to procure access to food and then could eat any amount. In different conditions the procurement price changed from low (10 bar presses) to high (200 or 400 bar presses) every ten days, five days, or one day, or on schedules of one-day-low/t...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Morato S,Johnson DF,Collier G

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pain threshold was determined in female rats using the tail flick test. Latency to respond depended on the locus of the tail heated, with the most distal sites resulting in the shortest response times (Experiment 1). Tail flick latency also varied according to the time of day, with shorter response times recorded arou...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Martínez-Gómez M,Cruz Y,Salas M,Hudson R,Pacheco P

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sex differences exist in the regulation of energy homeostasis in response to calorie scarcity or excess. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is one of the anorexigenic neuropeptides regulating energy homeostasis. Expression of Bdnf mRNA in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH) is closely associated w...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Liu X,Zhu Z,Kalyani M,Janik JM,Shi H

更新日期：2014-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied changes in the palatability and gustatory functions as they correlate with the menstrual cycle in 30 healthy females with regular menstrual cycles. The gustatory function was investigated by conducting electrogustometry and by the filter-paper disk method with taste solutions in the follicular and luteal ph...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Kuga M,Ikeda M,Suzuki K

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The medial preoptic area of the anterior hypothalamus (MPOA/AH) and the dorsolateral tegmentum (DLT) play an important role in the control of sexual behavior. Unilateral lesions of the MPOA/AH (medial preoptic area of the anterior hypothalamus) combined with unilateral lesions of the contralateral DLT result in defici...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Giordano M,Güemes M,López-Arias V,Paredes RG

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The naturally occurring tendency to compete with other rats for territorial space has been used to study individual behavior characteristics and blood pressure reactivity to social stimuli in adult male TMD-S3 rats. The competitive characteristics of the individual rats are consistent in two different social situation...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Fokkema DS,Koolhaas JM

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) are adrenal androgens that have been associated with a sense of well-being in humans. We describe two experiments done to test the hypothesis that an increase in DHEA or DHEAS secretion is associated with the inclination to exercise using a hamst...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Pieper DR,Lobocki CA,Lichten EM,Malaczynski J

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anodal direct currents of 1 or 10 microA were unilaterally applied for 30 min once a day to the premotor area of the cerebral cortex in rabbits, in which the current application was repeated 10 times at intervals of 2-3 days. Peripheral motor behavior was observed during and after each polarization trial, and was comp...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Lu YF,Hattori Y,Hayashi Y,Moriwaki A,Hori Y

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For this series of experiments, we wanted to investigate issues related to stress and learning. First, we wanted to determine if unpredictable stress might foster generalized fear responses more than predictable stress. Second, we wanted to evaluate how repeated stress might influence a rat's ability to learn what con...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Trow JE,Jones AM,McDonald RJ

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of castration on male spawning behavior, nestbuilding and fertility were measured in a five day spawning trial with an intact female. Spawning and fertility decreased one week following castration while nestbuilding was unaffected. Sham operated males showed normal spawning and fertility. Two weeks postope...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Villars TA,Davis RE

更新日期：1977-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Male rats, fitted with indwelling gastric fistulas, were tested with either a closed fistula (normal drinking) or an open fistula (sham drinking) following either intracellular dehydration (with NaCl), extracellular dehydration (with PEG), or the combination of the two stimuli. In normal drinking tests, the combined s...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Salisbury JJ,Rowland NE

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of stress on risk assessment behavior in mice were studied by examining latency to emerge from a safe compartment into a large, well-lit open field. In the first experiment different groups of mice were exposed for 1 h to tube restraint, fixed interval 2-min foot shock, or attack by an aggressive conspecif...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Quartermain D,Stone EA,Charbonneau G

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The synthetic octapeptide of cholecystokinin (CCK-8) was infused at the rate of 67 ng/kg-minute into the jugular vein, carotid artery, portal vein, gastric branch of the splenic artery, and aortic artery both craniad and caudad to the origins of the cranial mesenteric and coeliac arteries of 39 young female pigs. Jugu...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Houpt TR

更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three groups of rats were exposed to 0.4 mA shock presentations on a VT 30-sec schedule. Behavior was monitored during 35-sec shock-free periods inserted randomly after 15 of the 60 shocks per session. In the no-signal and random-signal control groups the behavior patterns which developed were similar to defense or fe...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Shearon TO,Allen JD

更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three groups of rats were normally reared by dams, artificially reared but not exposed to alcohol or artificially reared and exposed to 6.6 g/kg/day of ethanol condensed into 8 h of each 24-h period. Alcohol exposure was given from postnatal day 4 through 9 and artificial rearing was conducted from postnatal day 4 to ...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Kelly SJ,Mahoney JC,Randich A,West JR

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have shown that increasing the number of chews before swallowing reduces meal size in young adults. However, whether this ingestive behavior influences meal size in older adults is unknown. Eighteen older adults (4 males and 14 females, age 72±1years, body mass index 25.9±1.2kg/m(2)) participated in thi...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Zhu Y,Hollis JH

更新日期：2014-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The supplementation of methionine and threonine to a 10% soy protein isolate diet caused sharp decreases in the concentrations of brain tryptophan, serotonin and 5HIAA (5-hydroxyindole acetic acid) (e.g., in the hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, locus coeruleus and brain stem). The serum tryptophan ratio (i.e., the...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Yokogoshi H,Nomura M

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats were instrumented with arterial catheters and directional-pulsed Doppler flow probes for assessment of blood pressure, heart rate, and blood flow in the renal, mesenteric, and hindquarter vascular beds. Subjects were tested in an intermittent shock procedure under paired and isolated social conditions and the car...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Viken RJ,Knutson JF,Johnson AK

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Eating in the absence of hunger (EAH) has been linked to obesity in adults and children. This study examined the stability of EAH in children between 4.5 and 6 years old, and associations with energy intake and portion selection, as well as cross-sectional and prospective associations with body co...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Fogel A,Mccrickerd K,Fries LR,Goh AT,Quah PL,Chan MJ,Toh JY,Chong YS,Tan KH,Yap F,Shek LP,Meaney MJ,Broekman BFP,Lee YS,Godfrey KM,Chong MFF,Forde CG

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experiments were performed to study the role of angiotensin (Ang) AT1a receptors in dietary sodium-induced changes in blood pressure (BP). We measured light/dark rhythms in BP, heart rate (HR) and drinking behavior in Ang AT1a deficient (AT1a -/-) and wild type (AT1a +/+) mice with arterial telemetric catheters. Mice ...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Chen Y,Oroszi TL,Morris M

更新日期：2006-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of maternal separation on feeding behavior, particularly on rebound hyperphagia, in adult rats were examined. Time-restricted scheduled feeding (2 h per day for 6 days), was given at the age of 3, 6, 9 or 12 weeks in rats that were maternal separated from postnatal days (PD) 1-21 and control rats. Following th...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Iwasaki S,Inoue K,Kiriike N,Hikiji K

更新日期：2000-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Pavlovian fear conditioning was employed to investigate learning during general anesthesia. Mice were given three CS-UCS presentations while anesthetized with halothane. The CS was a 10-s tone and the UCS a 0.4-mA shock delivered intramuscularly to the hindlimbs via needle electrodes. Anesthetized control groups recei...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Pang R,Turndorf H,Quartermain D

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Smokers usually gain weight when they quit smoking. The present work explores the hypothesis according to which such a rise is a behavioral response to a raised body weight set point taking place when nicotine is eliminated from the body. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES:The human body weight set point was as...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Cabanac M,Frankham P

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fatigue is common in a host of neurological and psychiatric disorders including depression and often continues unabated even after primary symptoms of disease are treated. Its high estimated prevalence combined with the lack of effective medicines has engaged the preclinical research community to search for fatigue mo...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Stutz PV,Golani LK,Witkin JM

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00