Abstract：
:Tafenoquine is being developed for radical cure and post-exposure prophylaxis of Plasmodium vivax malaria. In an open-label study, 1512 Australian Defence Force personnel received one of three tafenoquine 3 d regimens [400 mg once daily (od), 200 mg twice daily (bid), 200 mg od] or daily primaquine (22.5 mg) plus doxycycline (100 mg) over 14 d in Bougainville and in Timor-Leste for post-exposure prophylaxis. The relapse rate of subjects treated in Bougainville with tafenoquine (n=173) was 1.2% (200 mg bid x 3 d) and 2.3% (400 mg od x 3 d), while primaquine plus doxycycline (n=175) was 3.4%. For subjects treated in Timor-Leste with tafenoquine (n=636), the relapse rate was 4.9% (200 mg od x 3 d), 5.3% (200 mg bid x 3 d) and 11.0% (400 mg od x 3d), while primaquine plus doxycycline (n=289) was 10.0%. The most frequent adverse events reported across all groups were nausea, abdominal distress and diarrhoea. There was a dose-dependent reduction in adverse events with a reduced dose of tafenoquine, with the lowest dose (total 600 mg over 3 d) producing rates of adverse events equivalent to that of primaquine plus doxycycline. The much shorter dosing regimen of tafenoquine should increase compliance, which is often suboptimal with primaquine after leaving an endemic area. [Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry Number 12607000588493].
journal_name
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hygauthors
Elmes NJ,Nasveld PE,Kitchener SJ,Kocisko DA,Edstein MDdoi
10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.04.024subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-11-01 00:00:00pages
1095-101issue
11eissn
0035-9203issn
1878-3503pii
S0035-9203(08)00170-3journal_volume
102pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract：BACKGROUND:Endemic hepatitis E in Southeast Asia increases the risk of death in pregnant women. In Lao People's Democratic Republic, infection with hepatitis E virus (HEV) is widespread in pig farms. No human data are available yet. This study determined the prevalence and risk factors for HEV infection among women of ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/try143
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) allows sensitive detection of serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G against a soluble extract of Strongyloides stercoralis infective larvae. In this study, 40/40 (100%) human strongyloidiasis sera had high levels of anti-S. stercoralis IgG, but 30/40 (75%) filariasis sera, and ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(93)90477-8
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A community-based intervention trial was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of alphamethrin-impregnated bed nets for control of Plasmodium vivax malaria and its vector in an area of moderate endemicity in southern Henan province, central China in 1990. Malaria incidence was significantly lower in the interventi...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(94)90199-6
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The small size of their genomes made bacterial ideal model organisms for the emerging field of genomics. Elucidating the genome sequences of mycobacteria was particularly attractive owing to the difficulties inherent in their manipulation. The slow growth rate, clumping, and requirement for category III containment ma...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90222-1
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microfilariae of Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia pahangi, which were inoculated into Meriones unguiculatus and Mastomys natalensis respectively, were found in the peripheral blood of the rodents until the ninth day after infection, but no microfilarial periodicity was observed. Microfilariae of W. bancrofti disappeare...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(80)90054-1
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sleeping arrangements under long-lasting impregnated nets (LLIN) were recorded in 2467 households during the low malaria transmission season (May-June 2007) and the same families were followed up during the high malaria transmission season (December 2007-January 2008) in two malaria-endemic areas of Sri Lanka. Approxi...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.10.018
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevalence, intensity and clinical manifestations of onchocerciasis were investigated in three village communities along the Bahr El Arab and its tributaries in Southern Darfur, Western Sudan. Onchocerca volvulus has not been reported from this region before. Over 300 people were examined and the selection of pati...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(86)90252-x
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Potential multiple opportunistic infections in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) cause the clinician considerable problems. Firstly there is the problem of the correct diagnosis of which organism is producing symptoms and there is the possibility of more than one organism being responsible. ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(90)90452-k
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed health system weaknesses of economically wealthy countries with advanced technologies. COVID-19 is now moving fast across Africa where small outbreaks have been reported so far. There is a concern that with the winter transmission will grow rapidly. Despite efforts of African Governme...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/traa073
更新日期：2020-10-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Using IFAT, it has been shown that isolated egg-shells and uterine fluid of Dipetalonema viteae are the most potent antigens in heterologous systems using human sera from patients infected with Wuchereria bancrofti, Onchocerca volvulus and Loa loa, as well as in homologous systems using sera from animals infected with...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(79)90045-2
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The lack of a convenient diagnostic method for onchocerciasis has motivated attempts to develop better detection techniques. Preliminary results indicate that a dot blot assay of the total immunoglobulin G (IgG) response to an easily available and simply prepared Tris buffer soluble fraction (TSF) of whole female worm...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(94)90090-6
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We used a recently developed sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine the kinetics of Schistosoma mansoni circulating soluble egg antigen (CSEA) after chemotherapy and compared these with previously determined levels of circulating cathodic antigen (CCA). Urine samples were collected from 35 Egyptian pa...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(98)90809-4
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:112 Leishmania isolates, obtained in French Guiana from human lesions, phlebotomine sandflies and wild mammals, were characterized by isoenzyme electrophoresis. Leishmania braziliensis guyanensis and L. mexicana amazonensis were found parasitizing different natural hosts. L.b. guyanensis was the dominant species (103 ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(89)90373-8
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report the successful treatment of envenoming by the Gaboon viper (Bitis gabonica) and include results of in vitro investigations of the haemostatic properties of the whole venom. The patient was admitted to casualty soon after the bite with chest tightness, dizziness, nausea and swelling at the site of the bite an...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(93)90427-r
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) was first reported in Pakistan over 30 years ago from the remote north-eastern Himalayan region. Sporadic cases are now widely reported from the Northern Areas, part of North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) and Punjab Province, together with Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK). Two hundred and thirt...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(95)90644-4
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Kidneys were studied by light microscopy in 246 consecutive autopsies in Cairo, Egypt. Glomerulonephritis was not related to the presence or intensity of either S. haematobium or S. mansoni infection, and mesangial thickening and proliferation were also unrelated to schistosome infection. Acute and chronic pyelonephri...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(76)90088-2
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this work was to conduct an epidemiological and clinical review of 1126 cases of envenoming by spider recorded in the national notifiable diseases information system (SINAN) files of the Municipal Health Secretary of the Criciúma region, Santa Catarina State, Brazil from 1994 to 2006. This work presents a c...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.03.015
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Between July 1989 and December 1990, 4504 new adult patients with tuberculosis were screened for antibodies to human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) 1 and 2 in Abidjan's 2 tuberculosis treatment centres. The prevalence levels of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections were 30.2% and 4.2% respectively, a further 9.3% of patients rea...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(93)90420-u
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The bacteria isolated on aerobic and anaerobic culture were compared in 80 unilateral ulcers in patients with homozygous sickle cell (SS) disease, 62 superficial skin lesions, and in 30 diabetic ulcers. In SS disease, the bacterial flora was predominantly aerobic and polymicrobial with Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomon...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(86)90137-9
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During a five-year period, 45 Nigerians with radiographic appearances of diffuse pulmonary infiltration with at least six sputum specimens negative on culture for tubercule bacilli were investigated at University College Hospital, Ibadan. The value of pulmonary function studies and open or closed lung biopsy in discov...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(79)90171-8
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Hump-nosed pit vipers (Hypnale hypnale) are highly venomous snakes found in Sri Lanka and the Western Ghats region of India. They are the most common cause of venomous snakebites in Sri Lanka, mainly causing local envenoming leading to pain, swelling and necrosis. Systemic envenoming causing acute kidney inj...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/try120
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:931 serum samples collected at random from healthy subjects in the four health zones of Imo State were analysed for the presence of rubella haemagglutination inhibition antibodies. Rubella antibodies were present in 625 of the samples giving a prevalence of 66.6%. There was a gradual increase in the prevalence of thes...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(85)90114-2
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe here a method, potentially suitable for field applications, for semi-quantitative detection of Mycobacterium leprae antigens in skin scrapings, which are taken normally for smear microscopy. Thirty acid-fast bacilli-negative paucibacillary (PB) leprosy patients comprised the main study group; eight acid-fa...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.02.026
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies on resistance to blood schizontocides in Plasmodium falciparum give a rational basis for the use of artemisinins combined with arylaminoalcohols for the treatment of uncomplicated chloroquine-resistant malaria in Africa. In areas where such combinations are introduced, there is reason to believe that th...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(01)90177-4
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common comorbidities in HIV-positive patients with CD4+ T lymphocytes below 200 cells/μl. Early diagnosis and treatment of toxoplasmosis reduces the mortality rate in HIV-positive people. The aim of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/trz082
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The activities of serum and urinary alpha-esterases were studied in 49 bilharzial bladder cancer patients, 92 bilharzial patients with other, different, urologic diseases and 22 normal healthy controls. Among the group studied, the bilharzial bladder cancer patients showed the highest level of urinary-alpha-esterases ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(78)90176-1
更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Persistent diarrhoea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in AIDS patients, and consequently an important public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. Although intestinal protozoa and bacteria are detected in many of these patients, a substantial proportion of disease remains unexplained even after intensive in...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(03)80034-2
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Six patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) were fed a protein-free diet. Sixteen animals of the same species received a standard monkey diet. The protein-depleted patas showed reduced absorption of folic acid but not D-xylose, and 5 out of 6 had a decrease in the exocrine pancreatic function. Animals with reduced folic ac...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(75)90163-7
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An outbreak of typhoid due to multi-drug resistant Salmonella typhi is reported from Pondicherry, India. While the average prevalence of drug resistant strains in 1980-1988 had been 11.7%, it increased to 52% in 1989-1990. The majority of strains (80.8%) were resistant to chloramphenicol, streptomycin, tetracycline an...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(92)90573-u
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three strains of Trypanosoma cruzi, used previously as prototypes for a classification based on the host-parasite relationships, as well as several stocks isolated from different geographical areas in Brazil, were submitted to isoenzymic analysis. Their isoenzyme patterns revealed a clear correlation with the biologic...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(83)90292-4
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
