Abstract:
:The prevalence, intensity and clinical manifestations of onchocerciasis were investigated in three village communities along the Bahr El Arab and its tributaries in Southern Darfur, Western Sudan. Onchocerca volvulus has not been reported from this region before. Over 300 people were examined and the selection of patients was aimed at obtaining a cross-sectional view of the disease at all ages and in both sexes. Prevalence rates were high (67.5%, 28.6% and 32% in Titribi, Radom and Kafia Kingi, respectively). The intensity of infection in young adults was generally about 30 mf/mg, but ranged up to 100 mf/mg. Infections were detected in subjects as young as two years old; about one quarter of those sampled in Titribi had nodules, mostly in the pelvic region. Clinical signs of acute and chronic dermal changes were especially marked in Titribi. This village was located closest to the breeding sites, which appear in the rainy season only. More than a third of those samples had severe pruritus and showed many self-inflicted excoriations. Both anterior and posterior eye segment changes were detected in each community, and cases of onchocercal blindness were attributed to sclerosing keratitis and to optic and chorioretinal atrophy. One case typical of intensely localized disease was seen, where the affliction was unilateral and severe with oedema and pigment changes, but very few microfilariae present. Onchocerciasis appears to be well established in this region and has apparently caused abandonment of some settlements in recent years.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hygauthors
el Sheikh H,Ghalib H,Hussein SM,Barbiero V,Mustafa MB,Williams JFdoi
10.1016/0035-9203(86)90252-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-01-01 00:00:00pages
902-5issue
6eissn
0035-9203issn
1878-3503journal_volume
80pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Geophagy has been associated with iron deficiency and anaemia, but no causal relationship has been established. To clarify this, we conducted a two-by-two factorial randomised, controlled trial on the effect of iron and multimicronutrient supplementation on geophagy in Zambian schoolchildren in Lusaka, from February t...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(03)00045-2
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tropical sprue, a primary malabsorption syndrome affecting residents and visitors to several tropical regions, occurs in southern India in endemic and epidemic forms. The stomach, the small intestine and colon are affected and malabsorption results in nutrient deficiency. Enterocyte damage, the primary lesion in south...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(88)90247-7
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The commercial dot-blot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Dip-S-Ticks dipstick test was compared with the indirect immunoperoxidase (IIP) and Weil-Felix (WF) tests for the diagnosis of scrub typhus, using the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFA) as the reference standard. With a panel of 117 positive and 75 ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(97)90266-2
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of this study were to identify individuals with symptomatic and/or asymptomatic infection due to Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi; to study the two types of infection, both clinically and immunologically, and to determine the prevalence rate of infection at the beginning of the study. This was a cross-s...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.06.010
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We performed a survey for taeniasis and cysticercosis among persons living in a Mexican village where Taenia solium infection in pigs was known to be enzootic. A standardized questionnaire was administered in all 577 households to obtain medical histories and information on demographic and environmental factors and on...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(94)90493-6
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A Swedish tourist who had visited Kenya fell ill with Plasmodium falciparum malaria 11 days after returning home, in spite of taking pyrimethamine (50 mg weekly) as malaria prophylaxis. Chloroquine treatment (25 mg base/kg body-weight) giving serum concentrations of 0.30 mumol/l cleared the patent parasitaemia and the...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(81)90093-6
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lymphatic filariasis (LF) caused by Wuchereria bancrofti is widely prevalent in tropical and subtropical countries. Night blood film examination is most commonly used for diagnosis of filariasis but is cumbersome and labour intensive. In order to develop an indirect ELISA-based immunodiagnostic test, the importance of...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2010.02.007
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dengue fever (DF) is an urban vector-borne disease transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Both species deposit their eggs in favorable breeding sites either in natural or artificial containers. An understanding of their habitat characteristics is crucial in curbing DF outbreaks METHODS:A search ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/trstmh/trw015
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The response of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine in Zambia was determined by the in vivo and in vitro microtechniques. A total dose of 25mg chloroquine base/kg body weight (over 3 d) was administered to 60 children at Lubwe and 42 at Kalene. The in vivo test was successfully completed on 55 cases at Lubwe and 39 a...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(88)90406-3
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cultured stocks of Entamoeba hartmanni, Endolimax nana, Iodamoeba buetschlli and Dientamoeba fragilis were compared with the four Entamoeba histolytical groups already described (SARGEAUNT et al., 1978), by the electrophoretic patterns of three enzymes: glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI), phosphoglucomutase (PGM) and L...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(79)90219-0
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serum and urinary RNase activity was determined in 15 normal children and in 52 children in various clinical stages of schistosomal hepatic fibrosis. The activity of serum RNase was compared with that of serum GOT, GPT and AP. The activity of serum and urinary RNase in the different schistosomal groups was significant...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(78)90018-4
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) accounts for the majority of childhood malignancies seen in sub-Saharan Africa. In Malawi, cyclophosphamide (CPM), the mainstay of treatment for endemic BL, is effective in around 50% of cases. Evidence exists in support of an association between activation of replication of Epstein-Barr virus ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.06.020
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mumbai is a hot spot for drug-resistant TB, and private practitioners trained in AYUSH systems (Ayurveda, yoga, Unani, Siddha and homeopathy) are major healthcare providers. It is important to understand how AYUSH practitioners manage patients with TB or presumptive TB. METHODS:We conducted semi-structured ...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/trstmh/trw009
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxoplasmosis is an anthropozoonotic disease endemic world-wide, caused by the apicomplexan Toxoplasma gondii. Although the course of infection is generally benign, it can cause significant morbidity and mortality in the developing fetus and in immunocompromised individuals. Biological diagnosis classically relies upo...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90078-7
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Severe febrile illness is a major cause of adult hospital admission in Africa. Studies of non-malarial fever come largely from children or from high HIV prevalence settings. This prospective study of adult admissions with severe febrile illness in a malaria-endemic area with moderate/low HIV prevalence investigated ad...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2012.08.006
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leprosy type 1 reactions (T1R) are immune-mediated events with inflammation of peripheral nerves and skin. We report the clinical outcomes of a closely monitored open prospective trial in which eight Nepali and 33 Ethiopian patients with T1Rs were treated with an Indian generic formulation of ciclosporin (Cn; 5-7.5 mg...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2006.11.010
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A prospective series of 156 patients systemically envenomed following the bite of a Papuan taipan (Oxyuranus scutellatus canni) were studied. All patients were treated with appropriate antivenom and clinical course and outcome were compared. The proportion of patients requiring intubation was significantly smaller, an...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(95)90562-6
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A Vietnamese child presented with a history of abdominal pain. Shortly afterwards, he vomited eight live trematode flukes that were collected and morphologically identified as Fasciolopsis buski. The identification was confirmed by DNA analysis. Adult worms of F. buski from humans are very rarely seen except at autops...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(03)00022-1
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Foreign-born populations carry a significant TB burden in low-prevalence countries, composing over half of all cases in parts of Europe and North America. This study systematically reviewed evidence of risk factors for nonadherence to TB drug therapy in this group. METHODS:On 28 October 2013 MEDLINE, CINAHL...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/trstmh/trw025
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 33, 274 mosquitoes was collected from Tagudin, Ilocos Sur Province, Philippines during July 1977. Isolates made from one pool of Culex tritaeniorhynchus and one pool of C. vishnui were identified as Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) by a micro-neutralization test using reference hyperimmune mouse ascitic fl...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(80)90083-8
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Large numbers of tuberculosis (TB) patients seek care from private for-profit providers. This study aimed to assess and compare TB control activities in the private for-profit and public sectors in Kenya between 2013 and 2017. METHODS:We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study using routinely collec...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/trstmh/trz062
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite the widespread use of multidrug therapy, leprosy remains an important public health concern in many regions. Detection is generally limited to clinical exam. METHODS:As a two-tiered active case finding strategy, we used the LID-1 (leprosy IDRI diagnostic-1), and PADL (protein advances for the diagno...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/trstmh/tru093
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Observations on canine leishmaniasis in Morocco (clinical symptoms, diagnosis, evolution, haematology, development of serum proteins, pathology and histopathology) are reported from dogs examined during 1979/80. Special reference is made to infantile kala-azar and its increasing incidence. The public health importance...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(87)90217-3
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used a recently developed sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine the kinetics of Schistosoma mansoni circulating soluble egg antigen (CSEA) after chemotherapy and compared these with previously determined levels of circulating cathodic antigen (CCA). Urine samples were collected from 35 Egyptian pa...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(98)90809-4
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The avidin-biotin immunohistochemical (ABC) method was applied to the diagnosis of alveolar hydatid disease in patients from the hyperendemic region of western Alaska. The test was specific for larval cestodes of the genus Echinococcus, and exhibited high sensitivity. A negative reaction was obtained in all cases in w...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(88)90219-2
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mapping an area at risk of epidemics of meningococcal meningitis in Africa has significant implications for their prevention and case treatment, through the targeted development of improved surveillance systems and control policies. Such an area was described using information obtained from published and unpublished r...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90089-1
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are few reports of parasitic disease prevalence in the Dominican Republic. The most recent study was that by Mackie et al. (1951). Examination of purged specimens from individuals employed by two sugar plantations demonstrated generally high prevalences of a number of helminths and protozoans. We report here the...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(81)90196-6
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lassa fever convalescent plasma (LFCP) has been administered to 27 patients in hospitals at Jos and Vom, Nigeria. Among serologically or virologically confirmed cases of Lassa fever (LF) given plasma on or before the 10th day, all eight survived, as did two of three possible LF cases. Of eight patients given LFCP afte...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(84)90107-x
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of low dose chloroquine, characteristic pattern of relapse and the relapse rate in vivax malaria after high dose primaquine were investigated in 167 Thai patients. 87 patients were allocated at random to receive 300 mg, and 80 received 450 mg of chloroquine on the first day of admission. All patients in b...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0035-9203(94)90305-0
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The objective of study was to estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of diagnostic options for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Brazil. METHODS:Six diagnostic tests were considered: IT LEISH, Kalazar Detect, DAT-LPC (DAT made in the Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas), IFAT, PCR and direct ex...
journal_title:Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/trstmh/trw050
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00