Problems of chemotherapy in multiply-infected AIDS patients.

abstract：:In the irrigated zones of North-eastern region of Afghanistan malaria transmission is sustained by A. pulcherrimus and A. hyrcanus despite many years of DDT spraying. A. hyrcanus is an exophilic and exophagic mosquito, strongly resistant to DDT. A. pulcherrimus is still largely susceptible to the insecticide but seems...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Onori E,Nushin MK,Cullen JE,Yakubi GH,Mohammed K,Christal FA

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The emerging virus strain termed highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza (HP-H5N1) has spread widely in the past decade and is now the focus of considerable concern in several sectors. We tested the hypothesis that spatial distributions of veterinary and human HP-H5N1 cases are related to coarse-scale environmental fea...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Williams RA,Fasina FO,Peterson AT

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:More than 95% of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) cases in Latin America occur in Brazil, most of them in the northeast. The objective of this study was to identify spatial clusters with the highest risks of VL and to analyse the temporal behaviour of the incidence and the effects of social vulnerability on the d...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Andrade AWF,Souza CDF,Carmo RF

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new antihookworm compound, C.9333 Go./CGP 4540, was evaluated clinically in 65 adult patients with hookworm infection. Several dosage schedules were evaluated to determine an effective, well tolerated and convenient regime. The lowest effective dose was 125 mg administered at four-hourly intervals for three doses. T...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Vakil BJ,Dalal NJ,Shah PN

更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The in vitro effect of pyrimethamine (PYR) on human blood mononuclear cells stimulated with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD) was studied by 14C-thymidine incorporation, by cell counting and by total DNA estimation. PYR in concentrations 10 times high...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Bygbjerg IC,Odum N,Theander TG

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Considerable evidence documents the importance of co-factors, including the immune response, in expression of oncogenicity of tumour viruses. To determine whether a common protozoal infection that can depress lymphocyte function alters manifestations of oncogenic virus infection, a mouse model of Toxoplasma infection ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： McLeod R,Estes RG,Cohen H

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During a four-year study on Grenada, 4,754 mongooses were examined, of which 100 (2.1%) were rabid. Of 1,675 mongooses tested for rabies serum neutralizing (SN) antibody, 498 (30%) were positive. During these four years (1971-74) the antibody prevalence rate increased from 20.8% to 43.2%, whereas the number of rabid m...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Everard CO,Baer GM,Alls ME,Moore SA

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the Omdurman Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Sudan, from 6 October to 1 December 1986, 736 patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) were studied. The duration of the lesions varied from a few days to 4 months, usually (56%) 1-3 months. Multiple lesions ranging from one to 50 (mean = 4) were present in 80% of case...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： el-Safi SH,Peters W,el-Toam B,el-Kadarow A,Evans DA

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plasmodia infect the liver for about 7 days before subsequently infecting the blood. Present prophylaxis against Plasmodium falciparum malaria employs agents that primarily kill blood stages and must be continued for 28 days after the last exposure. Atovaquone-proguanil (Malarone) is a new antimalarial agent that is l...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Berman JD,Nielsen R,Chulay JD,Dowler M,Kain KC,Kester KE,Williams J,Whelen AC,Shmuklarsky MJ

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The extent to which ivermectin treatments have an impact on onchocerciasis transmission is a matter of some concern. We investigated this issue in the Mbam valley, a hyperendemic focus located in a forest-savannah mosaic area of Cameroon. Parasitological examinations of 5-9-year-old children, who had never received an...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Pion SD,Clément MC,Boussinesq M

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 17% efficacy in preventing all-cause mortality in children aged 6-59 months was previously reported from a cluster-randomized controlled trial of insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs) carried out in the Kassena-Nankana District of northern Ghana from July 1993-June 1995. A follow-up until the end of 2000 found no...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Binka FN,Hodgson A,Adjuik M,Smith T

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Severe febrile illness is a major cause of adult hospital admission in Africa. Studies of non-malarial fever come largely from children or from high HIV prevalence settings. This prospective study of adult admissions with severe febrile illness in a malaria-endemic area with moderate/low HIV prevalence investigated ad...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Nadjm B,Mtove G,Amos B,Walker NF,Diefendal H,Reyburn H,Whitty CJ

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is a lack of information on the disease burden due to Taenia solium taeniasis and its associated risk factors in pig farming communities throughout the world. The present study was conducted in a rural pig farming community of north India to estimate the prevalence of T. solium taeniasis and associated factors. ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Prasad KN,Prasad A,Gupta RK,Pandey CM,Singh U

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An outbreak of acute diarrhoeal disease in a village in southern India was investigated through personal interviews of all households. Maps were drawn using geographic information system (GIS) tools of the water supply system, sewage channels and areas with observed faecal contamination of soil within and around the v...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Sarkar R,Prabhakar AT,Manickam S,Selvapandian D,Raghava MV,Kang G,Balraj V

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The availability of a defined medium (STEIGER & STEIGER, 1976) has enabled studies on the nutritional requirements of promastigotes of L. donovani and L. braziliensis (STEIGER & STEIGER, 1977). As outlined elsewhere (STEIGER & MESHNICK, 1977), the present paper describes preliminary experiments dealing with the utiliz...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Steiger RF,Meshnick SR

更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Capuchin monkeys were resistant to reinfection with Schistosoma haematobium one year after exposure to 500 cercariae, but worms in these monkeys continued to produce normal numbers of eggs. Monkeys were apparently completely refractory to reinfection when challenged 2-5 years after an initial exposure of 1000 to 2000 ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Cheever AW,Duvall RH,Kuntz RE,Huang TC,Moore JA

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A clinical, serological, parasitological and therapeutic study of cutaneous leishmaniasis was carried out in a low sub-andean area (250-800 metres) of the La Paz Department, Bolivia. A team of seismic prospectors (350 workers) was surveyed for 12 months. Of 200 suspected cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis, 185 were sero...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Desjeux P,Mollinedo S,Le Pont F,Paredes A,Ugarte G

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Quinolones are broad-spectrum antibiotics, which are used for the treatment of different infectious diseases associated with Enterobacteriaceae. During recent decades, the wide use as well as overuse of quinolones against diverse infections has led to the emergence of quinolone-resistant bacterial strains. H...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Azargun R,Gholizadeh P,Sadeghi V,Hosainzadegan H,Tarhriz V,Memar MY,Pormohammad A,Eyvazi S

更新日期：2020-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:A progressive spastic myelopathy is one of the principal manifestations of the human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1. Recent research is reviewed on the geography and epidemiology of this specific form of tropical spastic paraparesis. First recognized in the Caribbean, Colombia and Japan, it is now also confirmed as ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Montgomery RD

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency surveys in Afghan refugees and a local community in the North-West Frontier Province, Pakistan, showed that this trait was most common among Pathan and Uzbak refugees (15.8% and 9.1% respectively). The prevalence among Pakistani Pathans was 7.0%, and that in Tajik ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Bouma MJ,Goris M,Akhtar T,Khan N,Khan N,Kita E

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present a case report from 2001 of the first parasitologically confirmed case of acute Chagas disease in Suriname. The patient had never left Suriname, and was probably infected by an adventitious species of Panstrongylus in his house in the capital city, Paramaribo. The patient was treated with nifurtimox, and app...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Oostburg BF,Anijs JE,Oehlers GP,Hiwat HO,Burke-Hermelijn SM

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The assessment of antimicrobial resistance among commensal bacteria is an indicator of the spread of antimicrobial resistance. Rapid screening methods for detection of antimicrobial-resistant faecal Escherichia coli directly on MacConkey plates have been successfully adopted but suffer from lack of standardisation. Th...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Bartoloni A,Benedetti M,Pallecchi L,Larsson M,Mantella A,Strohmeyer M,Bartalesi F,Fernandez C,Guzman E,Vallejos Y,Villagran AL,Guerra H,Gotuzzo E,Paradisi F,Falkenberg T,Rossolini GM,Kronvall G

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The polymerase chain reaction was applied to capillary blood spots dried on filter paper from 20 parasitologically proved cases of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), 21 subclinical cases, and 11 healthy controls in a longitudinal study of anthroponotic VL in Baringo District, Kenya. Leishmania deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) wa...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Schaefer KU,Schoone GJ,Gachihi GS,Muller AS,Kager PA,Meredith SE

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lassa fever convalescent plasma (LFCP) has been administered to 27 patients in hospitals at Jos and Vom, Nigeria. Among serologically or virologically confirmed cases of Lassa fever (LF) given plasma on or before the 10th day, all eight survived, as did two of three possible LF cases. Of eight patients given LFCP afte...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Frame JD,Verbrugge GP,Gill RG,Pinneo L

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Healthcare-associated infections pose a major, yet often preventable risk to patient safety. Poor hand hygiene among healthcare personnel and unsanitary hospital environments may contribute to this risk in low-income settings. We aimed to describe hand hygiene behaviour and environmental contamination by sea...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Tang K,Berthé F,Nackers F,Hanson K,Mambula C,Langendorf C,Marquer C,Isanaka S

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pathophysiology of coma in cerebral malaria (CM) is not well understood. Obstruction of microcirculatory flow is thought to play a central role, but other hypotheses include roles for parasite- and host-derived factors such as immune mediators, and for increased blood-brain barrier permeability leading to raised i...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Maude RJ,Dondorp AM,Abu Sayeed A,Day NP,White NJ,Beare NA

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A retrospective cohort study of mortality rates and potential predictors of death was conducted in public-sector patients initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) between October 2005 and September 2007 in a rural, under-resourced region of South Africa. The aims were to determine the relative contribut...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： MacPherson P,Moshabela M,Martinson N,Pronyk P

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The spread of HIV-1 infection among women of childbearing age has led to increasing numbers of children at risk of vertical transmission. This study aimed to assess child outcomes among HIV-positive (n=19) and AIDS (n=22) mothers from Central West Brazil. CD4(+) T-cell counts (FACScount, BD) and viral loads (HIV-1 RT-...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Alcântara KC,Pereira GA,Albuquerque M,Stefani MM

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:From the early 1900s, visceral leishmaniasis (VL; kala-azar) has been among the most important health problems in Sudan, particularly in the main endemic area in the eastern and central regions. Several major epidemics have occurred, the most recent--in Western Upper Nile province in southern Sudan, detected in 1988--...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Zijlstra EE,el-Hassan AM

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lymphatic filariasis (LF) caused by Wuchereria bancrofti is widely prevalent in tropical and subtropical countries. Night blood film examination is most commonly used for diagnosis of filariasis but is cumbersome and labour intensive. In order to develop an indirect ELISA-based immunodiagnostic test, the importance of...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Singh A,Kamal S,Rathaur S

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00