Epidemiological investigation of an outbreak of acute diarrhoeal disease using geographic information systems.

Abstract:

:An outbreak of acute diarrhoeal disease in a village in southern India was investigated through personal interviews of all households. Maps were drawn using geographic information system (GIS) tools of the water supply system, sewage channels and areas with observed faecal contamination of soil within and around the village. Geographic coordinates for each house in the village were extracted from a central database from the healthcare service provider for the village. Geographical clustering of cases was looked for using the SaTScan software, and diarrhoeal disease attack rates were calculated. Diarrhoeal disease occurred uniformly throughout the village without clustering in any area. All ages and both sexes were affected, but extremes of ages were at higher risk. Water samples collected for microbiological examination after instituting control measures showed high coliform counts. Chlorine levels in the water tested were found to be inadequate to decontaminate common pathogens. Local cultural practices such as indiscriminate defecation in public places, washing clothes and cleaning utensils from water taps where the community collected its drinking water, and poor engineering design and maintenance of the water supply system were the risk factors that could have contributed to this outbreak.

authors

Sarkar R,Prabhakar AT,Manickam S,Selvapandian D,Raghava MV,Kang G,Balraj V

doi

10.1016/j.trstmh.2006.11.005

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2007-06-01 00:00:00

pages

587-93

issue

6

eissn

0035-9203

issn

1878-3503

pii

S0035-9203(06)00347-6

journal_volume

101

pub_type

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