Abstract:
:To evaluate a potential bias between methods of birth control used and prescribed by physicians, we surveyed sexually active female physicians in regards to their own methods of birth control. When the contraceptive practices of female physicians are compared to those of the general population, no difference in use of various contraceptive methods is found. Among female obstetrician-gynecologists, however, the intrauterine device continues to be a disproportionally popular method of contraception. It is concluded that no gender bias exists in prescribing patterns of contraceptives since contraceptive use in female physicians is identical to that of the general populations. :To evaluate a potential bias between methods of birth control used and prescribed by physicians, the authors surveyed sexually active female physicians in regards to their own methods of birth control. In Chicago in 1984, the authors distributed 1000 questionnaires; 314 were completed. Of these 314 respondents, 235 were between ages 25 and 44 and were sexually active. Results show that 10% used oral contraceptives, 14% used IUDs, 32% used some form of barrier method, 23% were sterilized, and 8% used the rhythm method. 13% used no form of birth control. When contraceptive methods by age group are compared between female physicians and the general population, there is no difference with 1 exception: female physicians aged 25-35 show a lower rate of sterilization than the general population (3% versus 12%). Once medical training and childbearing are completed, sterilization becomes the most common method of contraception. With increasing age, female physicians exhibit the same trends in contraceptive choice as the general population, namely decreasing use of oral contraceptives and barrier methods and a more steady use of the IUD and the rhythm method. Female physicians expose themselves to the possibility of unwanted pregnancy to the same extent as the general population. A surprising finding was the relative increase in IUD use among female obstetrician-gynecologists when compared to all other female physicians as well as to the general population. Since no difference in the use of the various contraceptive methods was noted between female physicians and the general population, it can also be concluded that apparently no gender bias exists among physicians who provide contraceptive advice.
journal_name
Contraceptionjournal_title
Contraceptionauthors
Zbella EA,Vermesh M,Gleicher Ndoi
10.1016/s0010-7824(86)80001-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-05-01 00:00:00pages
423-36issue
5eissn
0010-7824issn
1879-0518pii
S0010-7824(86)80001-4journal_volume
33pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
CONTRACEPTION文献大全abstract::Test agents were selected because of previous evidence of contragestationaal activity when administered systemically or because of known local effects which would be likely to cause endometrial changes having an adverse effect on pregnancy. A group of virgin female Sprague-Dawley rats were treated on Day 3 of pregnan...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0010-7824(76)90013-5
更新日期:1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medically induced abortion using a new regimen of oral mifepristone 600 mg and vaginal misoprostol 800 micrograms (PGE1 analogue) was carried out in 100 women. Abortion occurred in all patients without resort to surgery. In 99 women, the abortion occurred within 4 hours of the administration of the prostaglandin. Sixt...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0010-7824(94)90085-x
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study evaluated the ethinyl estradiol (EE) and levonorgestrel (LNG) pharmacokinetic profiles of AG200-15, a transdermal contraceptive delivery system, compared with a combination oral contraceptive (COC) containing EE 35 mcg and norgestimate 250 mcg. STUDY DESIGN:A Phase 1, open-label, single-center st...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2011.10.006
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A study of the effect of a low-dose oral contraceptive, Adepal (ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel, 30 and 150 micrograms on the 5th to 12th, 40 and 200 micrograms on the 13th to 28th, respectively) on the blood lipids, lipoproteins and fatty acid composition has been conducted on 13 young women before and after six...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0010-7824(83)90038-0
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of the study were to assess the ability of the Femcap, a new vaginal contraceptive device made of silicone and designed to fit snugly around the cervix to prevent the penetration of sperm into midcycle cervical mucus when used with and without spermicide; and to compare it with the standard contraceptiv...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0010-7824(97)00098-x
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess unintended pregnancy risk and associated factors among female urban Baltimore emergency department (ED) attendees. METHODS:A cross-sectional anonymous questionnaire study was completed by 790 women, sufficient to detect a 5% difference of unintended pregnancy risk in the national population and a 1...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2004.08.005
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Determining medical abortion outcome commonly includes a costly evaluation such as ultrasonography or serial serum hCG testing. Urine pregnancy testing may represent a less costly alternative. METHODS:This prospective diagnostic test evaluation study was part of a multisite randomized trial of 1080 women un...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2007.01.021
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Information relating to the effect of steroids on the metabolism and motility of human spermatozoa is limited despite the increasing interest in the use of these hormones for the purpose of contraception. In the present study it was shown that progesterone, testosterone, and 11-beta-OH-progesterone significantly inhib...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0010-7824(81)90080-9
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study compared two oral contraceptives (OCs) with the same triphasic regimen of progestin (norgestimate 0.18, 0.215 and 0.25 mg) but differing doses of ethinyl estradiol (EE) - 25 and 35 microg EE - in their effects on androgens, mood and sexual interest in women starting on OCs. METHODS:Total testosteron...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2007.04.002
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine from the health care services payer perspective the economic consequences of contraceptives available to women in the United States. METHODS:A Markov model was constructed to compare effectiveness and costs among nine contraceptive methods (including 3-month injectable, oral contraceptives, intrau...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0010-7824(03)00078-7
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Evaluating decisional certainty is an important component of medical care, including preabortion care. However, minimal research has examined how to measure certainty with reliability and validity among women seeking abortion. We examine whether the Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS), a measure widely used in ot...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2016.09.008
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We wanted to explore the effects of two different low doses (0.5μM and 0.05μM) of mifepristone, exposed during the receptive period, on the human embryo implantation process, using a well-established three-dimensional in vitro cell culture model, specifically developed to study this process. METHODS:An in v...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2016.03.009
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conventional oral contraceptive (OC) starting instructions require waiting until menses to begin the OC. The conventional approach requires detailed patient education about when to begin and also may require the use of less effective or less acceptable interim contraceptive protection until menses. At our urban family...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0010-7824(02)00351-7
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::All intrauterine devices (IUDs) that have been tested experimentally or clinically induce a local inflammatory reaction of the endometrium whose cellular and humoral components are expressed in the tissue and the fluid filling the uterine cavity. Depending on the reproductive strategy of the species considered and the...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2007.01.020
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rheological properties of 4 commercially available contraceptive drug delivery gels and their dilutions with a vaginal fluid simulant were measured. These properties govern the critical functions of spreading and retention of these gels over the vaginal surfaces. Measurements made on Conceptrol, KY Plus, Gynol II,...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0010-7824(00)00184-0
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A group of 120 women with gestations from 64 to 84 days received 800 micrograms of vaginal misoprostol every 24 h for a maximum of three doses without performing postexpulsion systematic preventive curettage. Outcome measures included successful abortion (complete abortion without requiring a surgical procedure), side...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0010-7824(98)00037-7
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Positive effects on premenstrual symptoms have been observed with low-dose oral contraceptives. Drospirenone is a synthetic progestogen with antiandrogenic and antimineralocorticoid effects. This open-label, multicenter study evaluated the effects of a combination of ethinylestradiol 30 microg and drospirenone ...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2005.10.016
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Detailed information was collected from 666 cohorts of pill, injectable-DMPA and IUD acceptors at 14 Bangkok Metropolis Health Clinics (MHCs). The contraceptive status at 12-month follow-up home interview shows that 47% of pill acceptors, 39% of DMPA acceptors and 55% of IUD acceptors were still using the same contrac...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0010-7824(84)80004-9
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) users, the prevention of sperm penetration through cervical mucus has not been demonstrated. STUDY DESIGN:Subjects were enrolled in an investigator-blinded study to compare quality and sperm penetrability of mid-cycle cervical mucus between LNG-IUS users and h...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2010.06.006
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This was a double-blind randomized control study to evaluate the efficacy of cervical priming by nitric oxide donor before second-trimester induced abortion. One-hundred healthy women with a singleton pregnancy between 14 and 20 weeks of gestation were randomized into either 40 mg isosorbide mononitrate or placebo, gi...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0010-7824(03)00170-7
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study compares NORPLANT subdermal implants acceptors enrolled randomly for two different insertion procedures. One group (420 women) received the implants with the use of a scalpel according to the manufacturer's instructions. The other group (423 women) received the implant without an incision, directly through a...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0010-7824(91)90013-6
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cervical secretion from three groups of asymptomatic women, either being oral contraceptive (OC) non-users or users (ethinylestradiol plus desogestrel or levonorgestrel), was tested for its capacity to prevent Chlamydia trachomatis, serotype I, from forming inclusions in cycloheximide-treated McCoy cells. The non-user...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0010-7824(94)90044-2
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::For a dilation and evacuation (D&E) procedure, the cervix must be dilated sufficiently to allow passage of operative instruments and products of conception without injuring the uterus or cervical canal. Preoperative preparation of the cervix reduces the risk of cervical laceration and uterine perforation. The cervix m...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章,实务指引
doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2013.11.001
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in the physical characteristics of semen and ultrastructure of the spermatozoa of langur monkeys after vas occlusion with styrene maleic anhydride (SMA), a polymer with pH-lowering action, are reported. Vas occlusion resulted in severe reversible hypospermia. Severe oligospermia was observed in the majority of...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0010-7824(98)00011-0
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Barrier contraceptive trials and disease intervention studies often utilize coital diaries to measure sexual exposures: dates and frequency of intercourse, product use, additional or alternative contraceptive use, and menstrual bleeding. The validity of these self-reported data is a matter of debate, but if used, bett...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0010-7824(01)00183-4
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Women with depressive or bipolar disorders are at an increased risk for unintended pregnancy. OBJECTIVE:To examine the safety of hormonal contraception among women with depressive and bipolar disorders. METHODS:We searched for articles published through January 2016 on the safety of using any hormonal cont...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2016.06.012
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The uterine sound length, the functional length of the cervix including the zone of internal cervical os and the fundus transversal were determined in 795 fertile women in vivo using a measuring device, the Cavimeter. The functional cavity length was calculated by subtracting the functional length of the cervix from t...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0010-7824(84)80011-6
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Induced fetal demise by intraamniotic injection of digoxin is an alternative to methods using intracardiac or umbilical vein injection. This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of intraamniotic injection and the timing of fetal demise after injection. STUDY DESIGN:Twenty-two women had ultrasoni...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2009.12.001
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A report that serum prolactin concentrations were almost doubled by the use of copper IUDs led us to study the effect of both copper and inert IUDs. We studied 105 normal women in whom all other prolactinergic factors had been excluded; 25 of them were using copper IUDs, 25 were using inert IUDs and there were 55 cont...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0010-7824(79)90049-0
更新日期:1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A comparative study of the performance of multi-sizes of the Mahua Ring inserted following measurement of the uterine cavity and one size of the same ring assigned at random was carried out from November 1984 to September 1985 at two hospitals in Tianjin. The experiences of 800 acceptors were analysed by life-table te...
journal_title:Contraception
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0010-7824(90)90048-z
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00