Abstract:
:Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was studied in the Piedmont region of North Carolina. Among 2985 subjects, the lifetime and six month prevalence figures for PTSD were 1.30 and 0.44% respectively. In comparison to non-PTSD subjects, those with PTSD had significantly greater job instability, family history of psychiatric illness, parental poverty, child abuse, and separation or divorce of parents prior to age 10. PTSD was associated with greater psychiatric comorbidity and attempted suicide, increased frequency of bronchial asthma, hypertension, peptic ulcer and with impaired social support. Differences were noted between chronic and acute PTSD on a number of measures, with chronic PTSD being accompanied by more frequent social phobia, reduced social support and greater avoidance symptoms.
journal_name
Psychol Medjournal_title
Psychological medicineauthors
Davidson JR,Hughes D,Blazer DG,George LKdoi
10.1017/s0033291700022352subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-08-01 00:00:00pages
713-21issue
3eissn
0033-2917issn
1469-8978journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Outcome studies of chronic fatigue, neurasthenia and other unexplained fatigue syndromes are few and have been carried out in developed Western countries. This paper aimed to study the outcome of unexplained fatigue syndromes in an international primary care sample and to identify risk factors for persistenc...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/s0033291703007566
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the literature on dementia the presence or absence of language deficits has come to occupy a pivotal position with respect to certain nosological and nosographical issues. These are reviewed critically, together with the results of experimental investigations which have sought to elucidate the nature of the languag...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/s0033291700001938
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The age of onset in bipolar affective disorder was determined in 200 hospitalized patients. The mean age of their first affective syndrome was 28.3 years, and the mean age of first hospitalization was 30.8 years. However, the median age for first affective syndrome was 23 years (26 years for first hospitalization), an...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700003147
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::From a factor analysis of data from a learning experiment evidence is presented which appears to support the Blomfield-Marr thesis that in the learning of motor actions the cerebellum operates by the turning off of incorrect movements rather than by the turning on of correct ones. The factor model employed is that due...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700018298
更新日期:1976-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous studies support Beck's cognitive model of vulnerability to depression. However, the relationship between his cognitive triad and other clinical features and risk factors among those with major depression (MD) has rarely been systematically studied. METHOD:The three key cognitive symptoms of worthle...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291713000160
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Prevalence of childhood anxiety disorders at specific ages and genetic etiological influences on anxiety disorders in young children have been little studied. The present study reports prevalence estimates in a community sample of 6-year-old twins, and patterns of genetic and environmental influences on thes...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291705006537
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The powerful genome-wide association studies (GWAS) revealed common mutations that increase susceptibility for schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD), but the vast majority were not known to be functional or associated with these illnesses. To help fill this gap, their impact on human brain structure and functio...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S0033291715000537
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bilateral electrodermal orienting responses were measured to repeated auditory stimuli in schizophrenic patients and controls. In 3 studies phasic activity to moderate intensity sounds of patients on no drugs or phenothiazines was predominantly hyper- or hypo-responsive. Controls showed moderate or slow habituation. P...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700053319
更新日期:1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Older adults have the lowest prevalence and incidence of major depressive disorder, although it has been hypothesized that this finding is due in part to differences in expression of psychopathology in later life. The aim of this study was to examine variation in depressive symptomatology in the general popu...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/S003329171200027X
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Developmental adversities may be risk factors for adult suicidal behavior, but this relationship has rarely been studied prospectively. The present study examined the association between childhood adversities and new onset suicidal ideation and attempts in an adult population-based sample. METHOD:The study ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291706008646
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Three cognitive constructs are risk factors for eating disorders: undue influence of weight and shape, concern about weight and shape, and body dissatisfaction (BD). Undue influence, a diagnostic criterion for eating disorders, is postulated to be closely associated with self-esteem whereas BD is postulated ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291710001066
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A retrospective study of alcoholic psychoses is reported. The phenomena of the illnesses corresponded poorly with classical descriptions of alcoholic hallucinosis, delirium tremens and alcoholic paranoia. Alternative diagnostic approaches were tried (Catego, restrictive definition of alcoholic hallucinosis). The probl...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700014331
更新日期:1978-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Suicide is a leading cause of death and has been strongly associated with affective disorders. The influence of affective disorder polarity on subsequent suicide attempts or completions and any differential effect of suicide risk factors by polarity were assessed in a prospective cohort. METHOD:Participants...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/S0033291708004078
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Social capital has been considered aetiologically important in schizophrenia but the empirical evidence to support this hypothesis is absent. We tested whether social capital, measured at the neighbourhood level, was associated with the incidence of schizophrenia (ICD-10 F20). MethodWe administered a cross-s...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291707002085
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is considerable debate surrounding the effective measurement of DSM-IV symptoms used to assess manic disorders in epidemiological samples. METHOD:Using two nationally representative datasets, the National Epidemiological Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC, n=43,093 at wave 1, n=34,653 at...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291709992005
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Aberrant emotional biases have been reported in bipolar disorder (BD), but results are inconsistent. Despite the clinical relevance of chronic mood variability in BD, there is no previous research investigating how the extent of symptom fluctuations in bipolar disorder might relate to emotional biases. This ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S003329171600180X
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper four principal topics are addressed: (a) the policy and political contexts in which demands arise for cost information; (b) the nature and phasing of those demands; (c) the basic rules of empirical costs research for meeting those demands; and (d) concomitant implications for the design, execution and in...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/s003329170003659x
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is evidence that cannabis use might be relevant to the aetiology of schizophrenia. We aimed to measure any change in cannabis use over time in those first presenting with schizophrenia in South-East London from 1965 to 1999, and compare this with change in use in those presenting with non-psychotic psy...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291706008440
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cognitive models of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) posit dysfunctional appraisal of disorder-relevant stimuli in patients, suggesting disturbances in the processes relying on amygdala-prefrontal connectivity. Recent neuroanatomical models add to the traditional view of dysfunction in corticostriatal cir...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S003329171800079X
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study aimed to explore the impacts of COVID-19 outbreak on mental health status in general population in different affected areas in China. METHODS:This was a comparative study including two groups of participants: (1) general population in an online survey in Ya'an and Jingzhou cities during the COVID...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291720004717
更新日期:2020-12-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Relapse is distressingly common after the first episode of psychosis, yet it is poorly understood and difficult to predict. Investigating changes in cognitive function preceding relapse may provide new insights into the underlying mechanism of relapse in psychosis. We hypothesized that relapse in fully remit...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/S0033291716000751
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The numbers of long-stay patients in Danish psychiatric hospitals were studied, based on information from the Danish cumulative psychiatric register and from the census studies of patients in Danish psychiatric hospitals, performed at 5-year intervals since 1957. In 1977, 2079 (20%) of the in-patient population which ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700032116
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some experiments, reported in detail elsewhere, on the effects of mother-infant separation in rhesus monkeys are here reviewed and compared. They involved 4 groups--one in which mothers were removed for 13 days leaving the infant in the social group; one in which infants were removed; one in which mothers and infants ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700029275
更新日期:1977-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A review of research on kleptomania--the syndrome of compulsive stealing--suggests that kleptomania may be a common disorder, especially among women, and that it may frequently be associated with other forms of psychopathology, such as mood, anxiety, and eating disorders. There appears to be a range of abnormal or non...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/s0033291700014690
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::One hundred and sixteen working-class housewives, part-time and full-time employees were compared on a range of well-being measures in three different lifestages. A group of factory employees was contrasted with a 'mixed occupation' group for a comparison of type of employment. The general contention that the associat...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700034978
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There are considerable differences between and within countries in the involvement of general practitioners (GPs) in psychosocial care. This study aimed to describe the self-perceived role of GPs in 30 European countries as the first contacted professional for patients with psychosocial problems. and to exam...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s003329179900851x
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In schizophrenia, affective disorders, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) dysfunction of frontal neuronal circuits has been suggested. Such impairments imply corresponding oculomotor deficits. METHOD:Eye movement response to foveofugal and foveopetal step-ramp stimuli was recorded within the same study...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291703001314
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Several studies have reported smaller hippocampal volume (HcV) in depression patients; however, the temporality of the association remains unknown. One proposed hypothesis is that depression may cause HcV loss. This study evaluates whether previous depression and recent depressive symptoms are associated wit...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291714003055
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) leads to a significant decrease in CFS-related symptoms and disability. The primary objective of this study was to explore whether partners' solicitous responses and patients' and partners' perceived relationship satisfaction had an effect ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291715000288
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Little is known about the mental health of partners of survivors of high levels of trauma in post-conflict countries. METHOD:We studied 677 spouse dyads (n = 1354) drawn from a community survey (response 82.4%) in post-conflict Timor-Leste. We used culturally adapted measures of post-traumatic stress disord...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291716002233
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00