Abstract:
:Although initial findings indicated that threat-related attention bias variability (ABV), an index designed to capture dynamic shifts in threat-related attention over time, was positively correlated with the severity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, a recent study relying on simulated data has raised questions regarding the validity and empirical utility of ABV. Specifically, the simulations suggested that core features of reaction time data distinct from threat-related attention bias, such as the reaction time standard deviation and mean, could explicate the reported elevated ABV among samples with PTSD. In the present study, we evaluated these suggestions in 95 PTSD-diagnosed participants. The results showed that ABV significantly and uniquely predicted PTSD symptom severity beyond the predictive value of core reaction time features, ΔR2 = .05-.23. Some of the predictions stemming from the simulated results were replicated, whereas others were not. Contrary to the conclusion drawn from the simulated data, the results from the current study suggest that ABV is a valid and replicable correlate of PTSD symptom severity. :Spanish Abstracts by Asociación Chilena de Estrés Traumático (ACET) La validez de los índices de variabilidad del sesgo de atención para la investigación del TEPT: Evidencia sobre los datos de los pacientes VALIDEZ DE LA VARIABILIDAD DEL SESGO ATENCIONAL EN EL TEPT Aunque los hallazgos iniciales indicaron que la variabilidad del sesgo de atención (ABV en su sigla en inglés) relacionada con la amenaza, un índice diseñado para capturar cambios dinámicos en la atención relacionada con la amenaza a lo largo del tiempo, que se correlacionó positivamente con la gravedad de los síntomas del trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT), un estudio reciente basado en datos simulados ha planteado preguntas sobre la validez y la utilidad empírica del ABV. Específicamente, las simulaciones sugirieron que las características centrales de los datos del tiempo de reacción distintas del sesgo de atención relacionado con la amenaza, como la desviación estándar y la media del tiempo de reacción, podrían explicar el aumento del ABV reportado entre las muestras con el TEPT. En el presente estudio, evaluamos estas sugerencias en 95 participantes con diagnóstico del TEPT. Los resultados mostraron que ABV predijo de manera significativa y única la gravedad de los síntomas del TEPT más allá del valor predictivo de las características centrales del tiempo de reacción, ΔR2 = .05 - .23. Algunas de las predicciones derivadas de los resultados simulados se replicaron, mientras que otras no. Contrariamente a la conclusión extraída de los datos simulados, los resultados del estudio actual sugieren que la ABV es un correlato válido y replicable de la gravedad de los síntomas del TEPT. :Traditional and Simplified Chinese Abstracts by the Asian Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (AsianSTSS) 簡體及繁體中文撮要由亞洲創傷心理研究學會翻譯 Validity of Attention Bias Variability Indices for PTSD Research: Evidence from Patient Data Traditional Chinese 標題: PTSD研究中, 注意力偏誤變異性指數的效度:患者數據提供的證據 撮要: 威脅相關的注意力偏誤變異性(ABV), 乃標示威脅相關的注意力隨時間所生的互動變化的指數。雖然初期的研究發現, ABV與創傷後壓力症(PTSD)症狀嚴重度有正向關連, 但近期一個採用模擬數據的研究卻令人質疑ABV的效度和實證功用。那些模擬數據特別地反映, 跟威脅相關的注意力偏誤相異的反應時間數據的核心特徵, 例如反應時間的標準差和中位數, 可以解釋患PTSD的樣本中ABV提升的情況。本研究透過95名被診斷出患PTSD的樣本, 檢視以上論點。結果顯示, ABV顯著而且獨特地預測到PTSD症狀嚴重度, 程度超越反應時間核心特徵的預測值(ΔR2 = .05-.23)。是次研究重複了部分早前基於模擬數據所得的預測。然而, 與從模擬數據所得的結論不同, 是次研究結果反映, ABV對PTSD症狀來說是有效及具可重複性的相關因素。 Simplified Chinese 标题: PTSD研究中, 注意力偏误变异性指数的效度:患者数据提供的证据 撮要: 威胁相关的注意力偏误变异性(ABV), 乃标示威胁相关的注意力随时间所生的互动变化的指数。虽然初期的研究发现, ABV与创伤后压力症(PTSD)症状严重度有正向关连, 但近期一个采用仿真数据的研究却令人质疑ABV的效度和实证功用。那些仿真数据特别地反映, 跟威胁相关的注意力偏误相异的反应时间数据的核心特征, 例如反应时间的标准偏差和中位数, 可以解释患PTSD的样本中ABV提升的情况。本研究透过95名被诊断出患PTSD的样本, 检视以上论点。结果显示, ABV显著而且独特地预测到PTSD症状严重度, 程度超越反应时间核心特征的预测值(ΔR2 = .05-.23)。是次研究重复了部分早前基于仿真数据所得的预测。然而, 与从仿真数据所得的结论不同, 是次研究结果反映, ABV对PTSD症状来说是有效及具可重复性的相关因素。.
journal_name
J Trauma Stressjournal_title
Journal of traumatic stressauthors
Alon Y,Naim R,Pine DS,Bliese PD,Bar-Haim Ydoi
10.1002/jts.22443subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-10-01 00:00:00pages
791-798issue
5eissn
0894-9867issn
1573-6598journal_volume
32pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The study reports on 65 refugees with diagnoses of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and manifest suicidal behavior (40% had suicide attempts; 29% detailed suicide plan; 31% recurrent suicidal thoughts). Our hypothesis was that the predominant kind of stressful experience in PTSD patients might be reflected in thei...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/A:1024413301064
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study used the Conservation of Resources stress model to examine the role of psychosocial resource loss in the aftermath of Midwest flooding. Questionnaires were distributed through churches and completed by 131 adults in flood-affected communities 6 weeks and 6 months after the flood's crest. Frequent psychosoci...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/A:1007745920466
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive theories point to reduction in dysfunctional posttraumatic cognitions (PTCs) as one mechanism involved in recovery from posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), yet research findings have shown individual differences in the recovery process. We tested the cognitive mediation hypothesis above in a previously pub...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/jts.22149
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This longitudinal study examined the relation between life stress and basic beliefs about self-worth and the benevolence and meaningfulness of the world among mothers of children undergoing bone marrow transplantation (BMT). One hundred mothers completed study measures during the child's hospitalization for BMT and 1 ...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/B:JOTS.0000038481.17167.0d
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examines psychometric properties of the Civilian Mississippi Scale for posttraumatic stress disorder when administered in a community survey of 656 persons following the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. Internal consistency was lower (Cronbach's alpha = .73) than for previous analyses of civilian and combat ver...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/A:1007733217042
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the level of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among Bosnian war refugees, a consecutive cohort of 206 Bosnian refugees, arriving in Sweden in 1993, was screened for PTSD using a modified version of the self-report instrument PTSS-10. A comparison group of 387 visitors to seven Swedish health cen...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/A:1024758718971
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::New Orleans school children participated in an assessment and field trial of two interventions 15 months after Hurricane Katrina. Children (N = 195) reported on hurricane exposure, lifetime trauma exposure, peer and parent support, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depressive symptoms. Teachers reported on beh...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/jts.20518
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current study examined the longitudinal patterns of continuous exposure to community violence (ECV) and associated symptoms in serious adolescent male offenders. Using data from the Pathways to Desistance Study (Schubert et al., 2004), the current study examined the prevalence of continuous ECV and the stability i...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jts.22535
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dysfunctional guilt is a prominent feature of combat-related, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The present article describes a model of combat-related guilt that distinguishes guilt types on the basis of specific false assumptions and errors of logic that are frequently associated with different kinds of traumat...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF02111908
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To develop new Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) scales for diagnosing acute and chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 237 civilians with PTSD or panic disorder (controls) completed the MMPI-R. All 399 items were submitted to chi-square analysis to select those differentiating acute or chronic...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/A:1024459305748
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A sample of 481 social workers from Manhattan participated in a study of the impact of the September 11, 2001 (9/11) World Trade Center (WTC) attacks. A variety of risk factors associated with posttraumatic stress and secondary trauma were examined in relation to shared traumatic stress (STS), a supraordinate construc...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jts.20686
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seventy-seven civilian employees who were victims of robbery were randomly assigned to either an immediate (< 10 hr) or delayed (> 48 hr) debriefing group, using the J. Mitchell (1983) CISD protocol. Scores on the Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale were obtained at 4 time intervals: debrief, 2 and 4 days post-debri...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1023/A:1011117018705
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study aimed to evaluate cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for posttraumatic stress (PTS), depression, anxiety, and anger in street children by a randomized controlled trial of CBT versus a waitlist control. It was conducted in 8 residential facilities for street children in Mexico City, with assessments at baseli...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/jts.22124
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Standard methods for the analysis of survey data assume that the data arise from a simple random sample of the target population. In practice, analysts of survey data sets collected from nationally representative probability samples often pay little attention to important properties of the survey data. Standard statis...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jts.20356
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors review sample composition and enrollment data for 34 studies cited in the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS) 2000 Practice Guidelines as meeting the Level A U.S. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR) classification for treatment of adult posttraumatic stress disorder (P...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jts.20050
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown elevated mortality among psychiatric and substance abusing patients, including veterans with PTSD. Although early studies showed elevated deaths from external causes among Vietnam veterans in the early postwar years, more recent studies have also shown increased health problems among vetera...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/B:JOTS.0000004076.62793.79
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an attempt to develop a brief treatment for disaster survivors, the present study examined the effectiveness of a single session of modified behavioral treatment in earthquake-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Fifty-nine earthquake survivors in Turkey were randomized into either single-session modified behavio...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/jts.20011
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013) modified the diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), including expanding the scope of dysfunctional, posttrauma changes in belief (symptoms D2-persistent negative b...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jts.21925
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among U.S. veterans deployed to Iraq or Afghanistan necessitates the need for comprehensive assessment and treatment strategies. This study investigated the utility of a combat-related PTSD symptom provocation paradigm to elicit unique neurological responses acros...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jts.22239
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nature of psychiatric morbidity in previously non-ill subjects from the area most affected by Hurricane Andrew was investigated at 6-12 months posthurricane. Preliminary associations of morbidity with personal and event-related risk factors were also determined. Fifty one percent (31/61) met criteria for a new-ons...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02103669
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this randomized controlled clinical trial, the authors evaluated the effectiveness of cognitive processing therapy (CPT) in the treatment of self-reported and clinician-assessed posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) related to military sexual trauma (MST), along with depressive symptoms. Eighty-six veterans (73 fema...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/jts.21765
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Survivors of traumatic events commonly suffer from long-term pain and related somatic symptomatology. To test the predominant hypothesis that survivors' pain comprises sequela of persistent posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), we assessed the sequential order of symptom development among young survivors of a terroris...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jts.22562
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Investigating dynamic associations between specific negative emotions and PTSD symptom clusters may provide novel insights into the ways in which PTSD symptoms interact with, emerge from, or are reinforced by negative emotions. The present study estimated the associations among negative emotions and the four DSM-5 PTS...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jts.22433
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous studies show that those involved in disaster response may develop posttraumatic stress disorder or experience secondary traumatic stress (STS). There are few reports about the experiences of postdisaster field research interviewers. We report findings from a follow-up study of researchers who conducted postwi...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jts.22072
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the urban poor are at high risk for exposure to trauma, community mental health clinics rarely diagnose clients with PTSD. Failure to diagnose PTSD may undermine the effectiveness of services provided. Our objectives were to (1) assess prevalence of traumatic experiences and PTSD, and (2) examine differences ...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/A:1024738114428
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examines the association between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and combat exposure with the socioeconomic status of 2210 male monozygotic veteran twin pairs in 1987. In the unadjusted analysis on individuals, modest correlations indicated that those with PTSD were more likely to have been divorced, ...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02105410
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although research has confirmed that violent losses can exacerbate grief reactions, few investigations have explored underlying mechanisms. In this study, the authors used a dataset on bereaved spouses and bereaved parents at 4- and 18-months postloss to examine the mediating effects of self-worth and worldviews (bene...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jts.20597
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Suicide rates among recent veterans have led to interest in risk identification. Evidence of gender-and trauma-specific predictors of suicidal ideation necessitates the use of advanced computational methods capable of elucidating these important and complex associations. In this study, we used machine learning to exam...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jts.22210
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study examined the relationship between trauma history characteristics (number and type of traumas, age at first trauma, and subjective responses to prior traumas) and the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms following a motor vehicle accident (MVA). One hundred eighty-eight adult M...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jts.20346
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The accumulative effect of prior high-magnitude trauma exposure on memory was examined in 73 rape victims, 92% of whom had current posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Participants were administered the Logical Memory component of the Wechsler Memory Scale, the Quick Test to obtain an estimate of intelligence, and we...
journal_title:Journal of traumatic stress
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/B:JOTS.0000014673.02925.db
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00