Abstract:
:The unfolded-protein response (UPR), activated by sensor molecules PERK, ATF6, and IRE1 to resolve endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, has emerged as a key target for host cells and viruses to control the infection outcomes. The UPR regulates ER protein folding, controls cell fate upon ER stress, and plays an important role in innate immunity. We and others have shown that human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) modulates the UPR. We show here that murine CMV (MCMV), the widely used CMV model for small animal infection, regulated the UPR in a manner similar to that of HCMV. This modulatory ability was triggered by virion entry and enhanced by viral immediate-early and early gene expression. Thus, while vulnerable at early times, MCMV became resistant to exogenous ER stress at late times of infection. MCMV activated the PERK-ATF4 pathway but only induced a subset of representative ATF4 targets at levels somewhat lower than those by the ER stress inducer tunicamycin. Moreover, MCMV induced ER chaperone Bip but actively blocked IRE1-mediated Xbp1(s) protein accumulation. ATF4 depletion severely attenuated viral growth at a low multiplicity of infection by modestly reducing viral DNA synthesis and more pronouncedly inhibiting late gene transcription. Collectively, we show that the UPR is a conserved target of CMVs and identify ATF4, a key UPR component, as a factor critical for MCMV infection. This work sets the stage for using the MCMV model to explore the role of this stress response in CMV biology, particularly during infection of the host, which is difficult to study in HCMV.
journal_name
J Viroljournal_title
Journal of virologyauthors
Qian Z,Xuan B,Chapa TJ,Gualberto N,Yu Ddoi
10.1128/JVI.00200-12subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-06-01 00:00:00pages
6712-23issue
12eissn
0022-538Xissn
1098-5514pii
JVI.00200-12journal_volume
86pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The product of the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) UL71 gene is conserved throughout the herpesvirus family. During HCMV infection, protein pUL71 is required for efficient virion egress and is involved in the final steps of secondary envelopment leading to infectious viral particles. We found strong indications for oligo...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.06556-11
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The expression of Marek's disease virus (MDV) transcripts and protein products was investigated in reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed avian T-lymphoblastoid cell line RECC-CU91, which was superinfected with MDV. The presence of MDV in the superinfected cell line, renamed RECC-CU210, was demonstrated by Southern h...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.66.12.7239-7244.1992
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments were conducted to investigate the roles of Marek's disease virus serotype 1 (MDV-1) major tegument proteins VP11/12, VP13/14, VP16, and VP22 in viral growth in cultured cells. Based on a bacterial artificial chromosome clone of MDV-1 (BAC20), mutant viruses were constructed in which the MDV-1 homologs of U...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.76.4.1959-1970.2002
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Yaba tumor poxvirus deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) has a density of 1.6905 in CsCl and its T(m) value in 0.015 m citrate in saline is 82.3. The guanine plus cytosine content estimated from these properties was taken to be 32.5 +/- 0.5%, a value 2 to 3% less than for DNA from other poxviruses reported to date. ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.3.2.114-118.1969
更新日期:1969-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective RNA virus which is dependent on hepatitis B virus for essential helper functions. Only a single highly basic phosphoprotein, HDV antigen (HDAg), is expressed by the HDV genome during infection in humans. Antibody directed to HDAg is important in the diagnosis of HDV infection...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.64.3.1108-1116.1990
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new subgroup of avian leukosis virus (ALV) that includes a unique env gene, designated J, was identified recently in England. Sequence analysis of prototype English isolate HPRS-103 revealed several other unique genetic characteristics of this strain and provided information that it arose by recombination between ex...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.72.12.10301-10304.1998
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously identified a functionally essential bulged stem-loop in the 3' untranslated region of the positive-stranded RNA genome of mouse hepatitis virus. This 68-nucleotide structure is composed of six stem segments interrupted by five bulges, and its structure, but not its primary sequence, is entirely cons...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.74.15.6911-6921.2000
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human papillomaviruses (HPV) link their life cycles to epithelial differentiation and induce productive replication of viral DNA in suprabasal cells. Viral-DNA amplification requires cells to remain active in the cell cycle upon differentiation. This is in contrast to normal cells, which lose proliferative capability ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00078-10
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection of quiescent cells by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) elicits severe cell cycle deregulation, resulting in a G(1)/S arrest, which can be partly attributed to the inactivation of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC). As we previously reported, the premature phosphorylation of its coactivator Cdh1 and/or the diss...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01260-10
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The temperature-sensitive and attenuated phenotypes of the Sabin type 1 vaccine strain of poliovirus result from numerous point mutations which occurred in the virulent Mahoney virus parent. One of these mutations is located in a 3D polymerase (3Dpol) codon (U-6203-->C, Tyr-73-->His) and is involved in attenuation in ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.69.9.5278-5286.1995
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::All herpesviruses have a layer of protein called the tegument that lies between the virion membrane and the capsid. The tegument consists of multiple, virus-encoded protein species that together can account for nearly half the total virus protein. To clarify the structure of the tegument and its attachment to the caps...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00777-09
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deletion of the entire leader polypeptide of the GDVII strain of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) results in the production of an attenuated virus that grows in baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells but cannot grow at all in mouse L-929 cells. This study examined the reasons for the failure of dl-L, the GDVII...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.74.2.875-882.2000
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Equine infectious anemia virus was found to be comprised of fourteen polypeptides of molecular weight ranging from 10,000 to 79,000. Eighty percent of the virion protein was accounted for by five polypeptides, including two non-glycosylated components (p29 and p13) comprising one-half of the virion protein and three g...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.28.3.997-1001.1978
更新日期:1978-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The virus-encoded proteins of tobacco etch virus (TEV), a plant potyvirus, arise by proteolytic processing of a large polyprotein precursor. The TEV genome codes for two proteinases, a 49-kilodalton proteinase and helper component proteinase (HC-Pro), which cleave the polyprotein at specific sites. The only known clea...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.63.10.4459-4463.1989
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A promoter-trap retrovirus has been constructed in which a promoterless polyomavirus middle T antigen gene was inserted in the U3 region of the long terminal repeat of a replication-competent Moloney murine leukemia virus. The resulting virus, designated PyT, was used to infect mouse mammary glands in situ. As expecte...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.70.10.6810-6815.1996
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Closed circular unintegrated DNA of the SEATO strain of gibbon ape leukemia virus (GaLV-S) was isolated from canine thymus fibroblasts after cocultivation with chronically infected bat lung fibroblasts. Restriction endonuclease HindIII cleaves GaLV-S DNA once, thus allowing isolation and cloning of HindIII-digested un...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.44.1.269-275.1982
更新日期:1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Combined Southern blot hybridization analyses of DNA digests of several clinical strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae have revealed the presence of a gene (hblR), or part of it, similar to the hbl7 gene coding for the cell wall lytic enzyme of the temperate HB-746 phage. The results confirmed that the genome of HB-746,...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.66.5.2860-2864.1992
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sequences present at the genomic termini of herpesviruses become linked during lytic-phase replication and provide the substrate for cleavage and packaging of unit length viral genomes. We have previously shown that homologs of the consensus herpesvirus cleavage-packaging signals, pac1 and pac2, are located at the lef...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.72.1.320-329.1998
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent environmental and metagenomic studies have considerably increased the repertoire of archaeal viruses and suggested that they play important roles in nutrient cycling in the biosphere. However, very little is known about how they regulate their life cycles and interact with their hosts. Here, we report that the ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00841-20
更新日期:2020-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::The goose parvovirus (GPV) Rep 1 and Rep 2 proteins are encoded by P9-generated mRNAs that are either unspliced or spliced within the rep gene region, respectively. These mRNAs are present in an approximately equal ratio. The translation of Rep 1 was initiated from the first AUG in unspliced P9-generated mRNA; however...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01255-09
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne Flavivirus that causes encephalitis in a subset of susceptible humans. Current treatment for WNV infections is supportive, and no specific therapy or vaccine is available. In this study, we directly tested the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of polyclonal antibodies agai...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.77.24.12941-12949.2003
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a human parvovirus currently being developed as a vector for gene therapy applications. Because the gene transfer vector commonly retains only the AAV terminal repeats, propagation of recombinant AAV (rAAV) requires that the viral replication (Rep) and capsid (Cap) proteins be supplied ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.71.3.1897-1905.1997
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A system has been developed for generating chimeric yellow fever/Japanese encephalitis (YF/JE) viruses from cDNA templates encoding the structural proteins prM and E of JE virus within the backbone of a molecular clone of the YF17D strain. Chimeric viruses incorporating the proteins of two JE strains, SA14-14-2 (human...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.73.4.3095-3101.1999
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV-1 does not diminish the established latent reservoir. A possible cure approach is to reactivate the quiescent genome from latency and utilize immune responses to eliminate cells harboring reactivated HIV-1. It is not known whether antibodies within HIV-1-infected...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02717-15
更新日期:2015-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::The release of Bluetongue virus (BTV) and other members of the Orbivirus genus from infected host cells occurs predominantly by cell lysis, and in some cases, by budding from the plasma membrane. Two nonstructural proteins, NS3 and NS3A, have been implicated in this process. Here we show that both proteins bind to hum...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.80.1.460-473.2006
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) is a retrovirus which induces a strong immune response and a dramatic increase in the number of infected cells through the expression of a superantigen (SAg). Many cytokines are likely to be involved in the interaction between MMTV and the immune system. In particular, alpha/beta inter...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.72.4.2638-2646.1998
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::An unusual human retrovirus was isolated from two patients with persistent generalized lymphadenopathy who originate from West-Central Africa and are currently residing in Belgium. Although the virus shared a number of the same biological and morphological properties as human immunodeficiency retrovirus type 1 (HIV-1)...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.64.3.1207-1216.1990
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have detected a mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-specific 1.7-kilobase (kb) polyadenylated RNA in mammary glands of several mouse strains. In BALB/c mice, it is the only MMTV-specific RNA species present. C3H and GR mammary glands and tumors contain, in addition, 3.8- and 7.8-kb MMTV RNAs. Nuclease S1 analysis was ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.46.2.362-370.1983
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human cytomegalovirus UL4 gene encodes a 48-kDa glycoprotein, expression of which is repressed at the translational level by a short upstream open reading frame (uORF2) within the UL4 transcript leader. Mutation of the uORF2 initiation codon in the viral genome eliminates ribosomal stalling at the uORF2 terminatio...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.75.15.7188-7192.2001
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brome mosaic virus (BMV) RNA replication is directed by two virus-encoded proteins, 1a and 2a. The amino-terminal half of 1a is a distant homolog of alphavirus nonstructural protein nsP1, which has been implicated in capping viral RNAs. In this study, we examined the enzymatic activities of BMV 1a expressed in yeast, ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.73.12.10061-10069.1999
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00