Is Viewing Mass Trauma Television Coverage Associated With Trauma Reactions in Adults and Youth? A Meta-Analytic Review.

Abstract:

:This study presents the findings of meta-analyses examining the association between viewing mass trauma television coverage and posttraumatic stress (PTS) outcomes as well as acute stress reactions (ASR) among adults and youth. A literature search identified 43 (N = 31,162) studies assessing the association between viewing mass trauma television coverage and PTS and four (N = 9,083) assessing the association with ASR. The overall size of the association between viewing television coverage and PTS, estimated using a random-effect model, was small but statistically significant, r = .17, 95% CI [.13, .22]. The moderator analysis examined eight preselected variables: man-made versus natural trauma, specific incident versus chronic stressor, adult versus youth sample, proximal versus distal event exposure, television only versus combined media form, specific content in coverage versus no specific content, quantification of media contact using numeric measurement versus subjective measurement versus a binary item, and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) versus posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) outcome. The analysis revealed a statistically significant moderation effect for the quantification of media contact (numeric vs. subjective vs. binary) only, which accounted for 19% of the observed heterogeneity. With a summary estimate of r = .26, 95% CI [.06, .44], the analysis of the ASR studies corroborated the PTS findings. The results suggest that clinicians and public health practitioners should discuss mass trauma television viewing with their patients and with the public. Limitations of the extant research are discussed. :Spanish Abstracts by Asociación Chilena de Estrés Traumático (ACET) Relación entre la visualización de la cobertura televisiva de un trauma masivo con estrés postraumático y reacciones de estrés agudo en adultos y jóvenes: una revisión meta-analítica VISUALIZACION TELEVISIVA DE TRAUMA MASIVO Y TEPT Este estudio presenta los hallazgos de los metanálisis que examinan la asociación entre la visualización de la cobertura televisiva de trauma masivo y los resultados del estrés postraumático (EPT), así como las reacciones de estrés agudo (REA) entre adultos y jóvenes. Una búsqueda en la literatura identificó 43 (N = 31,162) estudios que evaluaron la asociación entre la visualización de la cobertura televisiva de traumas masivos y el EPT y cuatro (N = 9,083) que evaluaron la asociación con la REA. El tamaño total de la asociación entre ver la cobertura de televisión y el EPT, estimado mediante un modelo de efectos aleatorios, fue pequeño, pero estadísticamente significativo, r = .17, IC del 95% [.13, .22]. El análisis moderador examinó ocho variables preseleccionadas: trauma creado por el hombre versus trauma natural, incidente específico versus estresor crónico, muestra de adulto versus joven, exposición a eventos proximales frente a distales, televisión o formas de medios combinados, contenido específico en la cobertura versus contenido no específico, cuantificación del contacto con los medios utilizando medidas numéricas versus medidas subjetivas versus ítem binario, y síntomas de estrés postraumático (SEPT) versus resultado del trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT). El análisis reveló un efecto de moderación estadísticamente significativo para la cuantificación del contacto con los medios (numérico frente a subjetivo frente a binario), lo que representó el 19% de la heterogeneidad observada. Con una estimación resumida de r = .26, IC del 95% [.06, .44], el análisis de los estudios de REA corroboró los hallazgos de EPT. Los resultados sugieren que los médicos y los profesionales de la salud pública deben hablar sobre la visualización televisiva de traumas masivos con sus pacientes y con el público. Se discuten las limitaciones de la investigación existente. :Traditional and Simplified Chinese Abstracts by the Asian Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (AsianSTSS) 簡體及繁體中文撮要由亞洲創傷心理研究學會翻譯 Relationship of Viewing Mass Trauma Television Coverage with Posttraumatic Stress and Acute Stress Reactions in Adults and Youth: A Meta-analytic Review Traditional Chinese 標題: 成人和青少年中, 觀看電視對集體創傷的報導與創傷後壓力及急性壓力反應之間的關連元分析回顧 撮要: 本研究進行元分析, 檢視成人和青少年中, 觀看電視對集體創傷的報導與創傷後壓力(PTS)及急性壓力反應(ASR)之間的關連。我們搜尋文獻, 找出43項檢視觀看集體創傷的電視報導與PTS的關連研究(N = 31,162), 及4項有關觀看集體創傷的電視報導與ASR的關連研究(N = 9,083)。我們以隨機效應模型, 估計出觀看電視報導與PTS的關連量整體為小, 但具統計顯著性(r = .17, 95% CI [.13, .22])。我們以調節變量分析, 檢視8個預早選出的變量:人為創傷比對自然創傷、特殊事件比對慢性壓力源、成人樣本比對青少年樣本、近距經歷比對遠距經歷、只看電視比對還受其他媒體影響、有特殊報導內容比對無特殊報導內容、以數值量化與媒體的接觸比對用主觀量度比對用二進制項目、以及創傷後壓力症狀(PTSS)比對創傷後壓力症(PTSD)狀況。分析反映, 只有量化與媒體的接觸 (數值比對主觀量度比對二進制) 有具統計顯著性的調節效應, 解釋了可觀察異質性的19%。對ASR的研究分析進一步引證了對PTS的研究發現, 概括估計值為r = .26, 95% CI [.06, .44]。結果反映, 臨床治療師與公共醫療工作者應與病人、服務使用者和公眾探討觀看電視對集體創傷的報導可帶來的影響。我們亦討論到使用從前的研究對本研究構成的限制。 Simplified Chinese 标题: 成人和青少年中, 观看电视对集体创伤的报导与创伤后压力及急性压力反应之间的关连元分析回顾 撮要: 本研究进行元分析, 检视成人和青少年中, 观看电视对集体创伤的报导与创伤后压力(PTS)及急性压力反应(ASR)之间的关连。我们搜寻文献, 找出43项检视观看集体创伤的电视报导与PTS的关连研究(N = 31,162), 及4项有关观看集体创伤的电视报导与ASR的关连研究(N = 9,083)。我们以随机效应模型, 估计出观看电视报导与PTS的关连量整体为小, 但具统计显著性(r = .17, 95% CI [.13, .22])。我们以调节变量分析, 检视8个预早选出的变量:人为创伤比对自然创伤、特殊事件比对慢性压力源、成人样本比对青少年样本、近距经历比对远距经历、只看电视比对还受其他媒体影响、有特殊报导内容比对无特殊报导内容、以数值量化与媒体的接触比对用主观量度比对用二进制项目、以及创伤后压力症状(PTSS)比对创伤后压力症(PTSD)状况。分析反映, 只有量化与媒体的接触 (数值比对主观量度比对二进制) 有具统计显著性的调节效应, 解释了可观察异质性的19%。对ASR的研究分析进一步引证了对PTS的研究发现, 概括估计值为r = .26, 95% CI [.06, .44]。结果反映, 临床治疗师与公共医疗工作者应与病人、服务使用者和公众探讨观看电视对集体创伤的报导可带来的影响。我们亦讨论到使用从前的研究对本研究构成的限制。.

journal_name

J Trauma Stress

authors

Pfefferbaum B,Nitiéma P,Newman E

doi

10.1002/jts.22391

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-04-01 00:00:00

pages

175-185

issue

2

eissn

0894-9867

issn

1573-6598

journal_volume

32

pub_type

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