Don't words come easy? A psychophysical exploration of word superiority.

Abstract:

:Words are made of letters, and yet sometimes it is easier to identify a word than a single letter. This word superiority effect (WSE) has been observed when written stimuli are presented very briefly or degraded by visual noise. We compare performance with letters and words in three experiments, to explore the extents and limits of the WSE. Using a carefully controlled list of three letter words, we show that a WSE can be revealed in vocal reaction times even to undegraded stimuli. With a novel combination of psychophysics and mathematical modeling, we further show that the typical WSE is specifically reflected in perceptual processing speed: single words are simply processed faster than single letters. Intriguingly, when multiple stimuli are presented simultaneously, letters are perceived more easily than words, and this is reflected both in perceptual processing speed and visual short term memory (VSTM) capacity. So, even if single words come easy, there is a limit to the WSE.

journal_name

Front Hum Neurosci

authors

Starrfelt R,Petersen A,Vangkilde S

doi

10.3389/fnhum.2013.00519

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2013-09-04 00:00:00

pages

519

issn

1662-5161

journal_volume

7

pub_type

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