The harmful effects of subarachnoid hemorrhage on extracerebral organs.

Abstract:

:Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating neurological disorder. Patients with aneurysmal SAH develop secondary complications that are important causes of morbidity and mortality. Aside from secondary neurological injuries, SAH has been associated with nonneurologic medical complications, such as neurocardiogenic injury, neurogenic pulmonary edema, hyperglycemia, and electrolyte imbalance, of which cardiac and pulmonary complications are most common. The related mechanisms include activation of the sympathetic nervous system, release of catecholamines and other hormones, and inflammatory responses. Extracerebral complications are directly related to the severity of SAH-induced brain injury and indicate the clinical outcome in patients. This review provides an overview of the extracerebral complications after SAH. We also aim to describe the manifestations, underlying mechanisms, and the effects of those extracerebral complications on outcome following SAH.

journal_name

Biomed Res Int

authors

Chen S,Li Q,Wu H,Krafft PR,Wang Z,Zhang JH

doi

10.1155/2014/858496

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-01-01 00:00:00

pages

858496

eissn

2314-6133

issn

2314-6141

journal_volume

2014

pub_type

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