Abstract:
:Hypersensitivity reactions to chemotherapy drugs pose significant difficulties in management, especially when no suitable alternative is available or acceptable and delay in continuation of treatment may be life-threatening. Such reactions may be IgE- or non-IgE-mediated and have varied manifestations. Timely recognition and treatment of life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions are essential. Identification of patients at high risk of developing hypersensitivity reactions allows risk stratification to guide clinical decision-making. Skin testing for carboplatin hypersensitivity has good predictive value but is not yet established for oxaliplatin and taxane hypersensitivity. Rapid desensitisation may be considered if no suitable alternative drug is available. Available protocols have shown good safety and efficacy but must be performed in an appropriate setting with adequate monitoring. There are many avenues for research into the utility of skin testing for other chemotherapy agents as well as in vitro tests.
journal_name
Postgrad Med Jjournal_title
Postgraduate medical journalauthors
Tham EH,Cheng YK,Tay MH,Alcasabas AP,Shek LPdoi
10.1136/postgradmedj-2014-132686subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-03-01 00:00:00pages
145-50issue
1073eissn
0032-5473issn
1469-0756pii
postgradmedj-2014-132686journal_volume
91pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite the importance of timely management of patients with inflammatory arthritis (IA), delays exist in its diagnosis and treatment. OBJECTIVE:To perform a systematic literature review to identify strategies addressing these delays to inform an American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European League Agains...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2011-201063rep
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thiazide diuretics used alone to treat hypertension can cause hypokalaemia in a substantial proportion of patients. The possibility exists that any benefit of reducing high blood pressure by such treatment may be offset by an increased mortality due to arrhythmias initiated by hypokalaemia. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-four hour intragastric acidity was measured in nine volunteer subjects in a single-blind placebo-controlled cross-over study comparing the effects of famotidine with ranitidine. The volunteer subjects received famotidine (40 mg at night), famotidine (20 mg at night), ranitidine (300 mg at night) or placebo in a...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A well documented sporadic case of multiple endocrine adenomatosis (MEA) type I, with the pituitary tumour presenting as a prolactinoma, is described in a 28-year-old female. Primary amenorrhoea, resulting from hyperprolactinaemia, was the first symptom of the polyglandular neoplasia. A gastrinoma was removed from the...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.54.635.618
更新日期:1978-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer related deaths among women worldwide. The disease in women occurs at a younger age in Iran than in western communities. OBJECTIVE:To determine the practice of breast self examination (BSE) among 25-54-year-old women in Shiraz, southern Iran. METHODS:Using a ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2008.072678
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a retrospective review of patients admitted to a coronary care unit, 809 patients had a definite myocardial infarction and plasma potassium was measured within 48 hr. The mean (+/- s.d.) plasma potassium was 4.04 (+/- 0.56) mmol/litre. A potassium concentration of less than 4.0 mmol/litre was found in 383 patients,...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.59.692.354
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Localized fibrous mesothelioma of the pleura is an uncommon neoplasm. Very rarely (there have been three previous cases) it may occur as an isolated mediastinal tumour. Such a tumour was present for at least 3 years in a 47 year old man, causing shortness of breath and superior vena cava syndrome. A mass weighing over...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.65.768.788
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The management of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism in pregnancy is discussed and illustrated with appropriate cases. The dangers of the usage of high doses of antithyroid drugs and of propranolol are described. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.55.643.340
更新日期:1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The characteristics of three combinations of thiopentone and etomidate [in the ratios of thiopentone (mg):etomidate (mg) of 5:1, 13:1 and 25:1] have been compared with the individual agents alone for the induction of anaesthesia. The incidence of pain on injection and abnormal movements was less with the combination c...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/pgmj.66.777.539
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report 2 cases of hypercalcaemia and hypercalciuria, with detectable levels of parathyroid hormone, which appeared to be precipitated by enteric fever. Extensive investigation of one case, including ultrasound, isotope scanning, angiography, computed tomographic scanning and surgical exploration, failed to detect a...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.65.761.180
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors present the case report of a child with abdominal epilepsy who had suffered from abdominal pain for several months under the label of psychogenic pain. The important historical clues were pallor and cold sweating during the paroxysm, followed by lethargy and prolonged sleep. An abnormal electroencephalogra...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.64.750.281
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Rapid response systems (RRSs) have been introduced to facilitate effective 'rescue' of seriously ill patients on hospital wards. While research has demonstrated some benefit, uncertainty remains regarding impact on patient outcomes. Little is known about the relationship between social contexts and the app...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj-2011-000147rep
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three patients with Crohn's disease are described who were treated by ileal resection for intestinal obstruction. Histological examination of the resected specimen in each case established the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the small intestine complicating Crohn's disease. This diagnosis should be considered in patien...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.71.833.172
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case of severe hypercalcaemia associated with a non-secretory multiple myeloma in the absence of skeletal deposits is described. The importance of considering this condition in the differential diagnosis of hypercalcaemia in the elderly is discussed. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.64.752.438
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asthma is an inflammatory disease characterized by infiltration of the airways by eosinophils and ensuing bronchial hyperresponsiveness. The activation of eosinophils and their recruitment to the airways are strongly influenced by T-lymphocytes and their products. There is now evidence that successful therapy of asthm...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infants of HBsAg-positive mothers (Group I) as well as those born to women without HBV markers (Group II) were vaccinated with a 10 micrograms dose of a recombinant DNA hepatitis B vaccine within 24 hours after birth according to a 0, 1, and 2 month schedule, with a booster dose planned 12 months later. Vaccination re...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 59 year old woman presented with acute onset of fever, chills, diaphoresis, vague chest discomfort, and was found to be hypotensive and tachypnoeic. An electrocardiogram demonstrated sinoatrial block with a junctional rhythm between 50 and 80 beats/min. All cultures were negative and imaging studies unrevealing. Her...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.79.937.657
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Perforation of the gastrointestinal tract by ingested foreign bodies is rare; the diagnosis of pyogenic liver abscess resulting from such perforations is usually made at post-mortem. We present a case of perforation of the gut, due to an ingested dental plate, with a resultant pyogenic liver abscess, which presented a...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.59.693.455
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is argued that as the major occupational cancer risks become matters of historical interest, research epidemiologists working in the field should broaden their approaches to encompass life style factors. In the investigation of possible low-cancer risks, it no longer makes any sense to confine their data-collecting...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.66.775.378
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of clinical governance in New Zealand has been pivotal to the country's health policy since 2009. Some of the key findings from one component of a national assessment project, which involved interviews with health professionals and managers at 19 of the country's 20 district health boards, are reviewed...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,评审
doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2012-131198
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a case of severe chronic iron deficiency anaemia secondary to blood loss from gastric angiodysplasia. The clinical features, diagnosis and management of this uncommon condition are discussed. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.63.744.865
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bile acid, neutral sterol and faecal fat excretion was studied over a period of 9 weeks in a group of 16 healthy subjects before, during and after administration of fenfluramine. Statistical analysis revealed a significant increase in bile acid excretion during the drug phase (P less than 0.02); and during recovery pe...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.55.641.180
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of ranitidine (150 mg twice daily) and cimetidine (200 mg three times daily and 400 mg at night) in the short-term healing of duodenal ulcer has been assessed in a randomized controlled trial involving 106 patients. There were 3 drop-outs. Forty-two out of 53 patients (79%) treated with ranitidine had hea...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/pgmj.59.688.88
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe the cases of two young women who died due to air embolism during sexual intercourse early in the puerperium. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.74.876.612
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ultrasound guidance has been reported to facilitate the performance of lumbar punctures (LPs). However, the use of ultrasound guidance has not yet received consistent conclusions. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the efficacy of ultrasound-guided LPs. PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Libr...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-138238
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two different doses of cefaclor advanced formulation (AF), a new sustained-release formulation of cefaclor, were compared with the regular formulation of cefaclor for efficacy and safety in the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis and asymptomatic bacteriuria. A 7-day course of treatment was used, and the trials were d...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gastric cancer is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality. There are several risk factors, with occupation emerging as one of these. There is considerable evidence that occupations in coal and tin mining, metal processing, particularly steel and iron, and rubber manufacturing industries lead to an increased ris...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.79.931.252
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute retinal necrosis (ARN), also known as Kirisawa-type uveitis, is an uncommon condition caused by infection of the retina by one of the herpes family of viruses, most typically varicella zoster virus or herpes simplex virus and less commonly cytomegalovirus. Clinical diagnosis can be challenging and is often aided...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2012-301983rep
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sleep deprivation and fatigue from long-shift work impacts doctors' personal safety, inhibits cognitive performance and risks clinical error. The aim of this study was to assess the sleep quality of surgical trainees participating in European Working Time Directive-compliant training rotations within a UK de...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2018-135795
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied two sisters who developed large non-toxic goitres in adolescence. Deiodinase deficiency was diagnosed by a rapid thyroid uptake of radioactive iodine (RAI) at 2 hours associated with a marked fall in thyroidal 131I by 24 hours. Serial RAI scans in the second patient documented evolution of the iodine-defici...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.62.728.477
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00