Abstract:
:In ovo, late-stage chick embryos repetitively step spontaneously, a locomotor-related behavior also identified as repetitive limb movement (RLM). During RLMs, there is a flexor bias in recruitment and drive of leg muscle activity. The flexor biased activity occurs as embryos assume an extremely flexed posture in a spatially restrictive environment 2-3 days before hatching. We hypothesized that muscle afferent feedback under normal mechanical constraint is a significant input to the flexor bias observed during RLMs on embryonic day (E) 20. To test this hypothesis, muscle afference was altered either by performing a tenotomy of ankle muscles or removing the shell wall restricting leg movement at E20. Results indicated that neither ankle muscle tenotomy nor unilateral release of limb constraint by shell removal altered parameters indicative of flexor bias. We conclude that ankle muscle afference is not essential to ankle flexor bias characteristic of RLMs under normal postural conditions at E20.
journal_name
Dev Psychobioljournal_title
Developmental psychobiologyauthors
Sun SY,Baker LL,Bradley NSdoi
10.1002/dev.21594subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-03-01 00:00:00pages
150-164issue
2eissn
0012-1630issn
1098-2302journal_volume
60pub_type
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