Abstract：
:Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a high risk of hyperkalemia, which increases mortality and can lead to renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor (RAASi) dose reduction or discontinuation. Patiromer, a nonabsorbed potassium binder, has been shown to normalize serum potassium in patients with CKD and hyperkalemia on RAASi. Here, patiromer's onset of action was determined in patients with CKD and hyperkalemia taking at least one RAASi. After a 3-day potassium- and sodium-restricted diet in an inpatient research unit, those with sustained hyperkalemia (serum potassium 5.5 - under 6.5 mEq/l) received patiromer 8.4 g/dose with morning and evening meals for a total of four doses. Serum potassium was assessed at baseline (0 h), 4 h postdose, then every 2-4 h to 48 h, at 58 h, and during outpatient follow-up. Mean baseline serum potassium was 5.93 mEq/l and was significantly reduced by 7 h after the first dose and at all subsequent times through 48 h. Significantly, mean serum potassium under 5.5 mEq/l was achieved within 20 h. At 48 h (14 h after last dose), there was a significant mean reduction of 0.75 mEq/l. Serum potassium did not increase before the next dose or for 24 h after the last dose. Patiromer was well tolerated, without serious adverse events and no withdrawals. The most common gastrointestinal adverse event was mild constipation in two patients. No hypokalemia (serum potassium under 3.5 mEq/l) was observed. Thus, patiromer induced an early and sustained reduction in serum potassium and was well tolerated in patients with CKD and sustained hyperkalemia on RAASis.
journal_name
Kidney Intjournal_title
Kidney internationalauthors
Bushinsky DA,Williams GH,Pitt B,Weir MR,Freeman MW,Garza D,Stasiv Y,Li E,Berman L,Bakris GLdoi
10.1038/ki.2015.270subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-12-01 00:00:00pages
1427-1433issue
6eissn
0085-2538issn
1523-1755pii
S0085-2538(15)61058-4journal_volume
88pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is a poorly recognized cause of collapsing glomerulopathy. The frequency and significance of collapsing glomerulopathy associated with renal TMA have not been specifically studied in native kidney biopsy specimens. Here we retrospectively documented clinicopathologic features of 53 pat...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.kint.2016.07.021
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Donor pretreatment of 100 mg/kg each of cyclophosphamide (CY) and methylprednisolone (P) infused 5 hours before nephrectomy invariably prolongs the survival of DLA mismatched, MLC incompatible nonlittermate Beagle renal allografts as well as the survival of mongrel renal allografts. The effect of donor pretreatment ap...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1982.25
更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ischemia-reperfusion occurs in a great many clinical settings and contributes to organ failure or dysfunction. CD154-CD40 signaling in leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions or T-cell activation facilitates tissue inflammation and injury. Here we tested a siRNA anti-CD40 in rodent warm and cold ischemia models to che...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2015.146
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The antiproteinuric effect of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with diabetic nephropathy varies considerably. Therefore, we tested the potential role of an insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphism of the ACE gene on this early antiproteinuric responsi...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1523-1755.1998.00847.x
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alport syndrome is experiencing a remarkable increase in preclinical investigations. To proactively address the needs of the Alport syndrome community, as well as offer clarity for future clinical research sponsors, the Alport Syndrome Foundation hosted a workshop to generate consensus recommendations for prospective ...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.kint.2020.02.029
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Urinary microvesicles, such as 40-100 nm exosomes and 100-1000 nm microparticles, contain many proteins that may serve as biomarkers of renal disease. Microvesicles have been isolated by ultracentrifugation or nanomembrane ultrafiltration from normal urine; however, little is known about the efficiency of these method...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2010.262
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fibrates, the PPAR alpha ligand-like compounds increase the expression of proximal tubule liver fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) and significantly decrease cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. To study whether the bezafibrate-mediated upregulation of renal L-FABP was involved in this cytoprotective effect we trea...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2008.106
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) is a disease pattern with heterogeneous causes. Recently a specific subtype of autoimmune TIN, IgG4-related TIN, has been identified that is part of systemic IgG4-related disease/ autoimmune pancreatitis. On biopsy, this TIN shows an IgG4+ plasma cell-rich infiltrate, akin to the pan...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2010.342
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Dopamine (DA) is thought to regulate renal proximal transport through the inhibition of the Na+,K+-ATPase and/or Na+/H+ exchanger. Defects in this dopaminergic system are proposed to be a pathogenic factor of genetic hypertension. However, microperfusion studies have not consistently confirmed direct tubular...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00873.x
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The enzyme 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11 beta-OHSD) is thought to be a protective enzyme of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). We have previously demonstrated (Bonvalet et al, J Clin Invest 86:832-837, 1990) that 11 beta-OHSD is colocalized with MR along the rabbit nephron. In the present study, we examin...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1992.260
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dysfunction and loss of podocytes (glomerular epithelial cells) are the hallmarks of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). In recent years, activation and proliferation of parietal epithelial cells (PECs) have been increasingly appreciated in FSGS. The functional role of PECs in FSGS is still a hotly debated issu...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2013.66
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Decay accelerating factor (DAF), a product of mesangial cells in vitro, is expressed on the surface of cells and is a candidate for the focal suppression of complement activation. It is not clear at present whether the levels of expression of DAF and intrarenal C3 synthesis correlate with the level of tissue...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00961.x
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The profibrotic adhesion molecule, osteopontin (OPN), is upregulated in kidneys of humans and mice with diabetes. The thiazolidinedione (TZD) insulin sensitizers decrease albuminuria in diabetic nephropathy (DN) and reduce OPN expression in vascular and cardiac tissue. To examine whether OPN is a critical mediator of ...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2009.518
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Tacrolimus is a relatively new calcineurin inhibitor that has been increasingly used in transplant medicine. The objective of the current work is to report our preliminary experience with tacrolimus in the treatment of diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS:N...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00461.x
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Steroid Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome (SRNS) in children and young adults has differing etiologies with monogenic disease accounting for 2.9-30% in selected series. Using whole exome sequencing we sought to stratify a national population of children with SRNS into monogenic and non-monogenic forms, and further define t...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.kint.2016.10.013
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this retrospective study, we analyzed clinical laboratory, and pathologic variables to determine their value in predicting survival and survival free of renal failure for 170 consecutive patients with idiopathic renal vasculitis and glomerulonephritis evaluated during a 15 year period. Of the 170 patients, 108 had ...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1989.312
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mineralocorticoid hormones stimulate Na+ absorption and K+ secretion by the cortical collecting tubule. There is good evidence that this stimulation involves increasing luminal membrane Na+ permeability and the turnover rate (or number) of the Na+-K+ pumps. These experiments were designed to examine whether mineraloco...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1985.177
更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:IgM in the blood of normal individuals consists mainly of 'natural' polyreactive antibodies. Natural IgM is thought to provide an initial defense against infection and to promote the healing of wounded cells. Yet, as Panzer and colleagues show, these benefits can be eclipsed when the IgM binds to damaged cells of the ...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2015.153
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dialysis patients have a high risk of cardiovascular disease. Cardiac rehabilitation is recommended in the general population as a standard component of care and covered by Medicare for those who have undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Here we determined the impact of cardiac rehabilitation on Medicare ...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2008.381
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The podocyte is the focus of much research into the mechanisms of renal disease progression, and the number of podocytes per glomerulus has thus become a parameter of much interest. When counting podocytes, the actual particle counted is the cell nucleus. The majority of published studies estimating podocyte...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1523-1755.2004.00787.x
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The link between dialysis "vintage" (length of time on dialysis in months to years) and survival has been difficult to define, largely because of selection effects. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is thought to be a wasting illness, but there are no published reports describing the associations between vintag...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00945.x
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thrombomodulin (TM), an endothelial receptor for thrombin, endowed with a powerful anticoagulant activity, plays an important role in the antithrombogenicity of the vascular endothelium. Its presence within the human renal glomerulus is already known but was thought to be only endothelial. We looked for TM expression ...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1997.99
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amylin (islet amyloid peptide) plays a critical role in islet amyloidosis and in the development of beta-cell dysfunction in patients with diabetes; however, the involvement of amylin in renal amyloidosis has not been studied. For this reason, we surveyed 149 patients with biopsy-proven diabetic nephropathy (DN). The ...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ki.5002305
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The parathyroid (PT) hyperplasia induced by renal failure can be further enhanced by high dietary phosphate (P) or completely abolished by P restriction. To identify potential mechanisms mediating these opposing effects of dietary P on PT growth, this study first focused on p21(WAF1) (p21) because high P red...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.059003855.x
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autophagy is a conserved multistep pathway that degrades and recycles damaged organelles and macromolecules to maintain intracellular homeostasis. The autophagy pathway is upregulated under stress conditions including cell starvation, hypoxia, nutrient and growth-factor deprivation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and o...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.kint.2015.11.021
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experiments in rodents have demonstrated an important role for selectins in kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). However, the relevance of this in larger mammals, as well as the impact on long-term structure and function is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that small molecule selectin ligand inhibition attenuate...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ki.5000335
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Membranous nephropathy is a major cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults where podocyte injuries were found to mediate the development of proteinuria. Triptolide, a major active component of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, has potent immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory and antiproteinuric effects. To study its antiprot...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2010.41
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The improvement in the anemia in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) suggests that dialyzable substances present in the sera of uremic patients either inhibit erythropoiesis directly or inactivate erythropoietin (EPO). In the present study predialysis sera f...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1991.88
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mutations in the inverted formin 2 gene (INF2) have recently been identified as the most common cause of autosomal dominant focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). To quantify the contribution of various genes contributing to FSGS, we sequenced INF2 where all mutations have previously been described (exons 2 to...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2012.349
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Copy number variations associate with different developmental phenotypes and represent a major cause of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). Because rare pathogenic copy number variations are often large and contain multiple genes, identification of the underlying genetic drivers has proven to...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2015.239
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
