Abstract：
:The popular murine macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7, is often used to initially screen natural products for bioactivity and to predict their potential effect in vivo or on primary cells. The cell line response is considered to reflect the potential human de novo response, and is used to evaluate the effective bioactivity of the product. Here, we compared the cytokine response of RAW 264.7 cells to shark cartilage (SC) with that of human leukocytes to determine whether the cell line response was a reliable predictor of the cytokine response one can expect from similarly stimulated human primary cells. Results not only revealed significant differences in the nature and level of TNFα produced by cells in vitro, but also showed that while the primary cell response included an upregulation in the production of IL-1β such a response was absent in RAW 264.7 cells. This suggests that had we relied on RAW 264.7 cells alone to assess the cytokine-inducing capacity of SC, the comprehensive Th1 response (shown in an earlier study) induced by SC in primary cells, consisting of release of several proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, would not have been revealed. We conclude, therefore, that assays using only RAW 264.7 cells to initially screen for and assess immune reactivity of test products will not necessarily provide a comprehensive picture of the immunomodulatory properties of the substance under investigation, and can in fact be misleading with regard to the overall bioactive potential of the substance on an initial screen.
journal_name
Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicoljournal_title
Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicologyauthors
Merly L,Smith SLdoi
10.1080/08923973.2017.1282511subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-04-01 00:00:00pages
55-58issue
2eissn
0892-3973issn
1532-2513journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:N-nitrozodimethyloamine (NDMA) is a carcinogenic compound that can be formed in vivo. NDMA is synthesized from precursors-amines and nitrosating agents. Nitrosating agents are formed through the reaction of oxide, reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide (NO). Human neutrophils (PMN) are an important source of the mos...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08923970600625892
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Present inventory evaluates the anti-atherogenic potential of C. glandulosum.Coleb leaf extract (CG) using in vivo and in vitro experimental models. Serum markers of low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) oxidation, cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoproteins, auto-antibody titer, ex vivo LDL-C oxidation, LDL-C aggregation, aor...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08923973.2011.618136
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hematopoietic cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-3, IL-5, and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) play a fundamental role in eosinophil functions in allergic asthma. The intracellular signal transduction mechanisms of these cytokines regulating the activation of eosinophils have been potential th...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08923970500240925
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increased numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are often observed in various pathological and physiological conditions. However, the interactions between neurotransmitters and MDSCs have not been elucidated. In this study, we studied whether norepinephrine (NE), a neurotransmitter, could affect the diff...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08923973.2015.1059442
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Objective: Little is known about the exact underlying molecular mechanisms of the hepatoprotective effect of carvacrol against liver fibrosis. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the effect of carvacrol on the suppression of liver fibrosis progression via regulation of yes-associated protein (YAP) and transc...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08923973.2019.1566926
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The immunological effects of interferon (IFN)-alpha administration were evaluated in 15 patients with cHCV infection. Individuals were treated with 6 MU of lymphoblastoid IFN-alpha three times a week for 6 months and with 3 MU three times a week for an additional 6 months. Patients were divided into responders (12 sub...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08923979609052741
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A human THP-1 monocyte cell line culture system has been utilized to observe the effect of granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) supplementation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of oral microorganisms to stimulate monocyte/macrophage functional activity. LPS of oral microorganisms, Fusobacterium nucle...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08923979809031512
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Modulation of immune response to alleviate diseases has long since been of interest. Plant extracts have been widely investigated for their possible immunomodulatory properties. We have evaluated the immunomodulatory activity of aqueous extract of Rhodiola rhizome in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) an...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08923970600815139
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF) levels in 33 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were measured by using a sensitive enzyme immunoassay. Four of five Crohn's diseases (CD) and nine of twenty eight ulcerative colitis (UC) had elevated levels of serum TNF. In active CD or UC, a greater fraction of patients s...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08923979209005404
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate the role of CD4(+) T cells in neurotrophin production following toluene exposure, male C3H mice were exposed to filtered air (control) or 9 ppm of toluene in a nose-only exposure chamber for 30 min on 3 consecutive days followed by weekly sessions for 4 weeks. All the mice were immunized with ovalbumin ...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08923970802504762
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Xanthohumol (XN), a prenylated chalcone present in hops (Humulus lupus L.) and beer, exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiproliferative activity, but has not been studied for effects on T cell-mediated immune responses. Here we demonstrate that XN has profound immunosuppressive effects on T cell proliferati...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08923970902798132
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of Pleurotus florida on cell-mediated immunity in Balb/c mice. Aqueous extract of P. florida was isolated, lyophilized, and stored in refrigerator until application. Forty female Balb/c mice were randomly divided into seven test and one control groups. Four gro...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08923971003691916
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Purple bamboo salt is a specially processed salt according to the traditional recipe using normal salt and bamboo. It has been used for the purpose of prevention and treatment of various diseases in Korea. We investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of purple bamboo salt by using human mast cell line (HMC-1). Purpl...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1081/iph-120024505
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Context: Tamoxifen (TAM) ameliorates D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide (Gal/LPS)-induced acute liver failure (ALF) through its antioxidative effect; thus, this study was designed to determine whether the effectiveness of TAM is related to nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) reactivation. Materials and methods: Experimental mic...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08923973.2019.1569044
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The beta-subunits of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) share a high homology, just like the ectodomains of their receptors, do. As a consequence, hCG was shown to exert a thyrotropic action in humans and hamsters. This study aimed to investigate whether hCG, used to induce ovulat...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08923970802668500
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Immunostimulants known to initiate cytokine production were found to inhibit processes of microsomal drug oxidation but to activate arylamine N-acetylation. The present study investigated the effects of immunstimulating doses of rat interferon-gamma (IFN gamma, 670,000 units ip) and streptolysin O (SLO, 100 HU/kg iv f...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08923979609052754
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Angiogenesis, the process of new capillary formation from pre-existing vessels, has been established as an important mechanism involved in pathologic processes, such as cancer, as well as in normal physiology (Ribatti, D.; Vacca, A.; Roncali, L.; Dammacco, F. Angiogenesis under normal and pathological conditions. Haem...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1081/iph-120029942
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Scrophularia buergeriana (SB) has long been used to treat various diseases an account of its antimicrobial and anti-virus activity. However, it is unclear how SB regulates the immune responses. This study investigated the effect of SB on the production of cytokines in a human T-cell line, MOLT-4 cells, and mouse p...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08923970802432048
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Various cells are associated with the integrated stress response (ISR) that leads to translation arrest via phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2. Pathogenic insults or nutritional imbalance in the mucosal tissues including the intestinal, airway, and genitourinary epitheli...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3109/08923973.2012.742535
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plasma levels of human polymorphonuclear elastase (PMN-E) are considered a marker of granulocyte activation and can potentially complement the peripheral neutrophil count in laboratory and pathophysiological settings. Neutrophilic leukocytosis is a well known effect of lithium therapy, but there is no information abou...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08923970009016431
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inflammatory bowel diseases are characterized by disabilities in gastrointestinal system and defects in mucosal immune system. Statins are 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor and are used to treat hypercholesterolemia in patients with coronary artery and atherosclerotic diseases. Recent studies ...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08923973.2011.559475
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Physalin E is a naturally occurring seco-steroid isolated from the stems and aerial parts of Physalis angulata L. (Solanaceae). This study was aimed to explore the anti-inflammatory effects of physalin E on RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the potential underlying mechanisms. The ...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08923973.2017.1282514
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:T regulatory (Treg) cells play an important role in the modulation of the immune response, and are implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Many people is exposed to fluoride (F), mainly through drinking water. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this work was to assess the possible effect of F exposure on diff...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08923973.2010.491081
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A polymerase chain reaction was devised to simultaneously detect repeated insertion sequences and the pertussis toxin promoter gene for the diagnostic identification of Bordetella pertussis, B. parapertussis, and B. bronchiseptica. The sensitivity of this method was sufficient to detect one B. pertussis organism using...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08923979909016394
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Density of nerve fibers, axonal growth, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and substance P, and serotonin immunoreactivity as well as concentration were all determined in a murine model of contact allergy. Female Balb/c mice were sensitized on the back with oxazolone and 6 days later challenged with the same anti...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1081/iph-51617
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect that MnCl2 has on murine splenic natural killer (NK) cell activity was investigated in infant (10 days old), pre-weanling (18 days old) and weanling (24 days old) C57BL/6J mice. A single intraperitoneal injection of 10, 20 or 40 micrograms MnCl2/g body weight caused a significant enhancement in NK activity,...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08923978809014404
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mercuric sulfide (HgS) is a major component of cinnabar, which has been used as a sedative drug in China for more than 2000 years. Because its toxicological effects are still unclear, we attempted to verify the toxic effects of HgS, focused on liver and immune organs such as the spleen and thymus. Male ICR mice were a...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3109/08923970903305499
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim pf the present study was to characterize the time course of the synthesis of mRNA encoding interleukin-2 (IL-2) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from nickel-allergic women and subsequently exposed to nickel sulphate in vitro. The level of this mRNA (determined by employing real-time polym...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08923970801948960
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin inflammatory disease characterized by disequilibrium between Th1/Th2 lymphocytes. Helicobacter pylori neutrophil-activating protein (HP-NAP) has been reported that it has the potential immunomodulatory effect able to regulate the Th1/Th2 balance. OBJECTIVE:This study...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/08923973.2020.1806869
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) has been shown to inhibit the release of mediators from mast cells. In the present study, the effect of DSCG on active anaphylactic reaction was studied in mice. DSCG dose-dependently inhibited the active systemic anaphylactic reaction and serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E production induced by i...
journal_title：Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1081/iph-100103862
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
