Fat Mass Reduction With Adipocyte Hypertrophy and Insulin Resistance in Heterozygous PPARγ Mutant Rats.

abstract：:Although hyperhomocysteinemia, an independent cardiovascular risk factor, is common in type 2 diabetes with nephropathy, the mechanism(s) of this alteration is not known. In healthy humans, hyperinsulinemia increases methionine transmethylation, homocysteine transsulfuration, and clearance. No such data exist in type ...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Tessari P,Coracina A,Kiwanuka E,Vedovato M,Vettore M,Valerio A,Zaramella M,Garibotto G

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Circulating insulin autoantibodies (INSAAb) were measured in discordant monozygotic twins, first-degree relatives, and other groups at "high risk" for the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and these results correlated with both islet cell antibody (ICAb) status and beta cell function. INSAAb w...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Srikanta S,Ricker AT,McCulloch DK,Soeldner JS,Eisenbarth GS,Palmer JP

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hyperglycemic patient remains persistently at risk for infectious complications. Whether ascribable to diabetes mellitus, to the administration of glucocorticoids, or to the infusion of hyperalimentation fluids, hyperglycemia may impair several mechanisms of humoral host defense, including such varied neutrophil f...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Hostetter MK

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In diabetic patients, elevated plasma levels of t-PA and PAI-1 accompany impaired fibrinolysis. To identify mechanisms for these abnormalities, we examined whether vascular endothelial cells exposed to high glucose upregulate t-PA and PAI-1 production and whether ambient PA activity is decreased concomitantly. In 17 c...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Maiello M,Boeri D,Podesta F,Cagliero E,Vichi M,Odetti P,Adezati L,Lorenzi M

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The secretion of insulin from β-cells depends on extracellular factors, in particular glucose and other small molecules, some of which act on G-protein-coupled receptors. Fatty acids (FAs) have been discussed as exogenous secretagogues of insulin for decades, especially after the FA receptor GPR40 (G-protein-coupled r...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Hauke S,Keutler K,Phapale P,Yushchenko DA,Schultz C

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The transcription factor regulatory factor X (RFX)-3 regulates the expression of genes required for the growth and function of cilia. We show here that mouse RFX3 is expressed in developing and mature pancreatic endocrine cells during embryogenesis and in adults. RFX3 expression already is evident in early Ngn3-positi...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Ait-Lounis A,Baas D,Barras E,Benadiba C,Charollais A,Nlend Nlend R,Liègeois D,Meda P,Durand B,Reith W

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Troglitazone and pioglitazone, antidiabetic thiazolidinediones, are known to improve insulin resistance. However, the effect of these drugs on platelet aggregation remains unclear. The chemical structure of troglitazone contains vitamin E. Accordingly, we studied the effect of troglitazone, pioglitazone, and vitamin E...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Ishizuka T,Itaya S,Wada H,Ishizawa M,Kimura M,Kajita K,Kanoh Y,Miura A,Muto N,Yasuda K

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A group of insulin-dependent diabetic patients was studied in order to determine the possible short-term regulatory effect of insulin and that of an antilipolytic drug on serum triglycerides. Subcutaneous crystalline insulin (one third of the usual morning dose of intermediate long-acting insulin, NPH) and an oral dos...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Alvarez-Reynolds M,Dominguez JM

更新日期：1977-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The gut environment modulates the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D), but how it affects autoimmunity toward pancreatic β-cells, a self-tissue located outside the intestine, is still unclear. In the small intestine, lamina propria dendritic cells (LPDCs) induce peripheral differentiation of FoxP3(+) regula...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Badami E,Sorini C,Coccia M,Usuelli V,Molteni L,Bolla AM,Scavini M,Mariani A,King C,Bosi E,Falcone M

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Heart failure is a major cause of mortality in diabetes and may be causally associated with altered metabolism. Recent reports indicate a role of inflammation in peripheral insulin resistance, but the impact of inflammation on cardiac metabolism is unknown. We investigated the effects of diet-induced obesity ...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Ko HJ,Zhang Z,Jung DY,Jun JY,Ma Z,Jones KE,Chan SY,Kim JK

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The inhibitory action of insulin and proinsulin on basal and glucagon-activated glycogenolysis was studied in cultured rat hepatocytes containing [14C]glycogen. Insulin or proinsulin given as sole hormones in the presence of 5 mM glucose decreased basal release of [14C]glucose from [14C]glycogen to 20%. Half-maximal e...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Hartmann H,Probst I,Jungermann K,Creutzfeldt W

更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enteroendocrine cells (EECs) produce hormones such as glucagon-like peptide 1 and peptide YY that regulate food absorption, insulin secretion, and appetite. Based on the success of glucagon-like peptide 1-based therapies for type 2 diabetes and obesity, EECs are themselves the focus of drug discovery programs to enhan...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Roberts GP,Larraufie P,Richards P,Kay RG,Galvin SG,Miedzybrodzka EL,Leiter A,Li HJ,Glass LL,Ma MKL,Lam B,Yeo GSH,Scharfmann R,Chiarugi D,Hardwick RH,Reimann F,Gribble FM

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The significance of the portohepatic glucosensors for counterregulation in deep hypoglycemia (i.e., glycemia < 2.8 mM) was studied in chronically cannulated male mongrel dogs in the conscious state. A total of 16 experiments were carried out on 6 dogs using the liver clamp technique under hyperinsulinemic conditions (...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Hamilton-Wessler M,Bergman RN,Halter JB,Watanabe RM,Donovan CM

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We demonstrate the presence of specific insulinlike growth factor I (IGF-I) receptors in human adipocytes. Competition studies with 125I-labeled IGF-I and unlabeled IGF-I, IGF-II, and insulin showed the specificity of 125I-IGF-I binding to the IGF-I receptors in adipocytes, membranes, and partially purified detergent-...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Sinha MK,Buchanan C,Leggett N,Martin L,Khazanie PG,Dimarchi R,Pories WJ,Caro JF

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Islet antigens associated with type 1 diabetes include a recently identified protein tyrosine phosphatase-like molecule IA-2, which contains the intracellular fragment IA-2ic. To determine whether combinations of antibodies including those to IA-2 characterize and predict type 1 diabetes, we studied antibodies to IA-2...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Hawa M,Rowe R,Lan MS,Notkins AL,Pozzilli P,Christie MR,Leslie RD

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aldose reductase (AR) was purified from rat seminal vesicles. Specific antibodies to this enzyme were prepared in rabbits and were used in the unlabeled antibody-enzyme (PAP) technique to localize AR in a number of tissues known to be sites of diabetic lesions. AR was localized in the following structures in the eye: ...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Ludvigson MA,Sorenson RL

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Insulin stimulates glucose transport in skeletal muscle by GLUT4 translocation from intracellular compartments to sarcolemma and t-tubules. We studied in living animals the recruitment of GLUT4 vesicles in more detail than previously done and, for the first time, analyzed the steady-state recycling and subseq...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Lauritzen HP,Galbo H,Brandauer J,Goodyear LJ,Ploug T

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Determinants of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) that occur during the 2nd decade of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (early-onset PDR) were investigated in a nested case-control study. From an inception cohort of patients with juvenile-onset IDDM that now has 15-21 yr diabetes duration, the patients...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Krolewski AS,Barzilay J,Warram JH,Martin BC,Pfeifer M,Rand LI

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Treatment of isolated, perifused rat islets with exogenous PLA2 in amounts ranging from 1 to 1000 mU/ml caused a dose-dependent increase in the rate of insulin secretion. This effect of PLA2 was rapid and seen in the absence of added exogenous fuel. It differed from glucose-induced insulin release in temporal pattern:...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Zawalich W,Zawalich K

更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Total lymphoid irradiation (TLI) at doses of 2200 rads or greater prevented diabetes in susceptible BB/W rats. Two of 29 (7%) treated rats became diabetic compared with 23 of 39 (59%) controls (P less than 0.001). TLI did not, however, prevent insulitis or thyroiditis in nondiabetic rats, nor did it restore the depres...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Rossini AA,Slavin S,Woda BA,Geisberg M,Like AA,Mordes JP

更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the aim of investigating glucose-mediated glucose disposal (glucose effectiveness [GE]) in 15 (3 female and 12 male subjects) insulin-resistant normoglycemic relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes (DM2), and 15 age-, sex-, and BMI-matched control subjects without a family history of DM2, we performed 2 studie...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Henriksen JE,Levin K,Thye-Rønn P,Alford F,Hother-Nielsen O,Holst JJ,Beck-Nielsen H

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Posttranslational prenylation (e.g., farnesylation) of small G-proteins is felt to be requisite for cytoskeletal remodeling and fusion of secretory vesicles with the plasma membrane. Here, we investigated roles of protein farnesylation in the signaling steps involved in Raf-1/extracellular signal-related kina...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Kowluru A,Veluthakal R,Rhodes CJ,Kamath V,Syed I,Koch BJ

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because successful human islet transplantation requires large quantities of viable islets that must be separated from the highly immunogenic exocrine tissue and because handpicking is too time-consuming and laborious to be clinically relevant, a new approach for solving this problem has been established in rat models....

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Winoto-Morbach S,Ulrichs K,Leyhausen G,Müller-Ruchholtz W

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Long-term insulin secretion was investigated in seven biohybrid capillary devices seeded with canine islets. Approximately 50,000 islets could be isolated from a single canine pancreas using collagenase digestion in conjunction with the recently described Velcro technique. Devices were perfused with tissue culture med...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Araki Y,Solomon BA,Basile RM,Chick WL

更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene are the most frequent monogenic causes of severe obesity. Most mutations have been described as heterozygous with loss of function, suggesting that haploinsufficiency is the most likely mechanism of dominant inheritance. We detected a heterozygous mutation, D90N, in...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Biebermann H,Krude H,Elsner A,Chubanov V,Gudermann T,Grüters A

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diabetic nephropathy is characterized by hypertension and a relentless decline in kidney function. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors have been claimed to preserve kidney function better than an equal blood pressure (BP) reduction with conventional antihypertensive treatment (renoprotection). We compared the eff...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Nielsen FS,Rossing P,Gall MA,Skøtt P,Smidt UM,Parving HH

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Abnormalities in the incorporation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan into the glomerular basement membrane have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various proteinuric states, including diabetes mellitus. To understand further the interactions between proteoglycans and glomerular extracellular matrices, glomeruli wer...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Klein DJ,Oegema TR Jr,Brown DM

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice results from selective destruction of beta-cells by a T-cell-dependent autoimmune process. However, the mechanisms that control the generation of beta-cell cytotoxic T-cells in vivo are poorly understood. We recently established 8.3-T-cell receptor (TCR)-beta transgen...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Jun HS,Santamaria P,Lim HW,Zhang ML,Yoon JW

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bariatric surgery has proven to be the most effective treatment for controlling hyperglycemia in severely obese patients with diabetes. We show that fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), a gut hormone, is rapidly induced by bariatric surgery in rodents and humans. Administration of FGF19 achieves diabetes remission ind...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： DePaoli AM,Zhou M,Kaplan DD,Hunt SC,Adams TD,Learned RM,Tian H,Ling L

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fatty acids (FAs) and other lipid molecules are important for many cellular functions, including vesicle exocytosis. For the pancreatic beta-cell, while the presence of some FAs is essential for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, FAs have enormous capacity to amplify glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, which is p...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Nolan CJ,Madiraju MS,Delghingaro-Augusto V,Peyot ML,Prentki M

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00