Abstract:
:Treatment of isolated, perifused rat islets with exogenous PLA2 in amounts ranging from 1 to 1000 mU/ml caused a dose-dependent increase in the rate of insulin secretion. This effect of PLA2 was rapid and seen in the absence of added exogenous fuel. It differed from glucose-induced insulin release in temporal pattern: high concentrations of PLA2 caused a single phase of secretion, and high levels of glucose caused a biphasic pattern of secretion. Like glucose-induced release, PLA2-induced release was partially dependent on extracellular calcium because D600 caused a significant inhibition of release induced by PLA2 at 5 mU/ml. Concentrations of BW755c and NDGA, inhibitors of both the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase or only the lipoxygenase pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism, which completely blocked the insulin secretory response to 10 mM glucose, had no effect on the secretory response to 5 mU/ml of PLA2. These inhibitors also inhibited glucose usage by the islets. Finally, although repeated brief exposure of islets to stimulatory concentrations of glucose lead to a progressive increase in the magnitude of both the first and second phases of insulin secretion, repeated brief exposures to PLA2 lead to a progressive decrease in response to each new exposure. Nonetheless, those islets that had been exposed several times to exogenous PLA2, and no longer displayed a response to a further PLA2 exposure, responded normally to the addition of 10 mM glucose. These results indicate that PLA2 is a potent insulin secretagogue, that it shares some of the characteristics of glucose as a secretagogue, but that in many significant ways differs markedly from glucose in its effects on insulin release from isolated islets.
journal_name
Diabetesjournal_title
Diabetesauthors
Zawalich W,Zawalich Kdoi
10.2337/diab.34.5.471subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-05-01 00:00:00pages
471-6issue
5eissn
0012-1797issn
1939-327Xjournal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
DIABETES文献大全abstract::We identified a heterozygous missense mutation that substituted aspartic acid (GAC) for alanine (GCC) at codon 1048 of the insulin receptor gene in a patient who displayed typical symptoms of Type A syndrome of insulin resistance. The proband's mother and younger brother were also found to be heterozygous for the muta...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.42.12.1837
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alterations in renal function and structure are found even at the onset of diabetes mellitus. Studies performed over the last decade now allow definition of a series of stages in the development of renal changes in diabetes. Such a classification may be useful both in clinical work and in research activities. Stage 1 ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2337/diab.32.2.s64
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current pharmacological options for type 2 diabetes do not cure the disease. Despite the availability of multiple drug classes that modulate glycemia effectively and minimize long-term complications, these agents do not reverse pathogenesis, and in practice they are not selected to correct the molecular profile specif...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/dbi16-0069
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methylglyoxal (MGO), a major precursor for advanced glycation end products, is increased in diabetes. In diabetic rodents, inhibition of MGO prevents cardiovascular disease (CVD). Whether plasma MGO levels are associated with incident CVD in people with type 1 diabetes is unknown. We included 159 individuals with pers...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db16-1578
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The experiments reported here investigate the effects of two conditions of elevated lactogen activity on the threshold of glucose stimulation of insulin secretion and suprathreshold, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in the isolated, perfused rat pancreas. In both the tumor-bearing animals and pregnant animals, the...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.4.337
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Dio2 gene encodes the type 2 deiodinase (D2) that activates thyroxine (T4) to 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T3), the disruption of which (Dio2(-/-)) results in brown adipose tissue (BAT)-specific hypothyroidism in an otherwise euthyroid animal. In the present studies, cold exposure increased Dio2(-/-) BAT sympathetic s...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.53.3.577
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Na+-pumping activity of the erythrocyte plasma membrane in diabetic subjects was studied together with the lipid composition. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients (n = 25) were divided into young (28.1 +/- 7.4 yr old, mean +/- SD; n = 16) and old (7.17 +/- 9.8 yr old; n = 10) subjects; the age of no...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.38.7.825
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Islet antigens associated with type 1 diabetes include a recently identified protein tyrosine phosphatase-like molecule IA-2, which contains the intracellular fragment IA-2ic. To determine whether combinations of antibodies including those to IA-2 characterize and predict type 1 diabetes, we studied antibodies to IA-2...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.46.8.1270
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rosiglitazone therapy improves insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in patients with uncomplicated type 2 diabetes. In coronary artery disease (CAD), glucose is an important source of energy and preserved myocardial glucose uptake is essential for the viability of jeopardized myocardium. The aim was to test whether ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.9.2787
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of nonenzymatic glycosylation on the biologic function of human antithrombin III was evaluated using a chromogenic thrombin substrate assay in the presence of catalytic amounts of heparin. Experimental conditions that increased the rate of nonenzymatic protein glycosylation were associated with decreases in...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.33.6.532
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent work suggests that insulin may exert both positive and negative feedback directly on pancreatic beta-cells. To investigate the hypothesis that insulin modulates beta-cell metabolism, mouse islets and beta-cell clusters were loaded with rhodamine 123 to dynamically monitor mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.53.7.1765
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes (OT1DM) demonstrate increased fat deposition, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperleptinemia in utero. We examined the influence of maternal diabetes on cord lipids at birth and relationship to body composition, cord insulin, leptin, and other hormonal measures. RESEARCH DESI...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-0585
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The natural history of progression from normal glucose tolerance (NGT) to impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and type 2 diabetes is not well defined. We studied this progression using biennial oral glucose tolerance tests performed in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging and surviva...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.6.1475
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sphingosine-1 phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid with the potential to mobilize Ca2+, to inhibit apoptosis, and to promote mitogenesis. Sphingosine kinase (SPHK) and S1P were characterized in INS-1 insulinoma cells and isolated rat islets of Langerhans. SPHK activity increased in INS-1 cell homogenates treate...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.5.1429
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) is well known for its role in cholesterol efflux and HDL formation, it is expressed in various tissues, where it may have different functions. Because hypoalphalipoproteinemia is highly prevalent in Mexico, we screened the ABCA1 coding sequence in Mexican individual...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db06-0905
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies were conducted to explore altered substrate utilization and metabolism in GLUT4 null mice. Liver fatty acid synthase mRNA and fatty acid synthesis rates were dramatically increased in GLUT4 null mice compared with control mice and were supported by increased rates of the pentose phosphate pathway oxidative pha...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.4.935
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The strategy of positional cloning has been highly successful in identifying a number of single gene disorders that exhibit clear Mendelian patterns of inheritance. Positional cloning of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been assisted by the expansion of molecular genetic tools and highly informative mark...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.44.2.139
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Perifused islets from rats infused for 7 days with 40% glucose exhibited an altered secretory response to selected stimuli. Both phases of insulin release were blunted when 20 mM L-leucine was tested; the secretory response to a subsequent leucine stimulation was also blunted compared with the control group. The abili...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.40.1.15
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transmission behavior of insulin-dependent juvenile diabetes mellitus (JDM) has been studied with respect to its frequency in the relatives of JDM probands and its possible linkage to the HLA complex. Mathematical analysis shows that under a single locus hypothesis a very restricted range of incidence rates is pos...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.28.6.527
更新日期:1979-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apoptosis is a physiological form of cell death that occurs during normal development, and critical mediators of this process include caspases, reactive oxygen species, and Ca2+. Excessive apoptosis of the pancreatic beta-cell has been associated with diabetes. Consequently, apoptosis research has focused on how infil...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.50.2007.s44
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of AMPK suppresses inflammation, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study was designed to characterize the molecular mechanisms by which AMPK suppresses vascular inflammation. In cultured human aortic smooth muscle cells, pharmacologic or genetic activation of AMPK inhibited the si...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db15-0107
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies have been carried out on activities of lysosomal beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase (hex), beta-galactosidase (beta-gal), alpha-glucosidase (alpha-glu), and acid phosphatase (AP) in serum and urine from patients with juvenile diabetes and matched controls. There is a large increase in blood and urinary hex activity (...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.25.5.420
更新日期:1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most studies dealing with the pathogenesis of IDDM have emphasized the immune assault against beta-cells. In this perspective, we review the data that suggest that the beta-cell destruction of IDDM depends on a balance between beta-cell damage and repair. The progressive beta-cell damage leading to IDDM seems to follo...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2337/diab.42.10.1383
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) is known to be degraded by dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV), forming an inactive metabolite, but the extent of the enzyme's role in regulating the biological activity of GIP in vivo is still largely unknown. In nonfasted anesthetized pigs given an intravenous infusion of ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.50.7.1588
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enhancement of arachidonic acid metabolism results in increased insulin secretion. To determine which pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism were involved in this stimulation, we studied the effects of various inhibitors of arachidonate metabolism on arginine-induced insulin and glucagon secretion in the isolated, pe...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.33.10.929
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hypoglycemic activity of the synthetic peptide fragment of human growth hormone, hGH 1--15, is insulin dependent, although it does not alter the circulating levels of plasma insulin in normal and diabetic rats. In severe diabetes induced by streptozotocin, the peptide had no effect on the basal levels of blood glu...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.28.12.1126
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We sought to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying permanenent neonatal diabetes mellitus (PNDM) in a patient with a heterozygous de novo L225P mutation in the L0 region of the sulfonylurea receptor (SUR)1, the regulatory subunit of the pancreatic ATP-sensitive K(+) channel (K(ATP) channel). RESEARCH D...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db06-1746
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study addressed the controversial question of whether a negative-insulin-feedback loop exists in vivo. We utilized prehepatic insulin production, calculated by computerized deconvolution analysis of peripheral C-peptide concentration, as a measure of endogenous insulin secretion. Prehepatic insulin production was...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2337/diab.36.8.959
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have been shown to be less insulin sensitive compared with control (CON) women, independent of BMI. Training is associated with molecular adaptations in skeletal muscle, improving glucose uptake and metabolism in both healthy individuals and patients with type 2 diabetes. In...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db20-0062
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The past decade has witnessed an exponential increase in our ability to search the genome for genetic factors predisposing to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and in particular coronary heart disease (CHD). Identifying these genes could lead to the development of innovative strategies to prevent the cardiovascular complic...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/dbi18-0036
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00