A two-dimensional semiconductor transistor with boosted gate control and sensing ability.

abstract：:Chiral fermions in solid state feature "Fermi arc" states, connecting the surface projections of the bulk chiral nodes. The surface Fermi arc is a signature of nontrivial bulk topology. Unconventional chiral fermions with an extensive Fermi arc traversing the whole Brillouin zone have been theoretically proposed in Co...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Yuan QQ,Zhou L,Rao ZC,Tian S,Zhao WM,Xue CL,Liu Y,Zhang T,Tang CY,Shi ZQ,Jia ZY,Weng H,Ding H,Sun YJ,Lei H,Li SC

更新日期：2019-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The first example of a homogeneous silver(I)-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of aldehydes in water is reported. More than 50 examples of different aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes, including natural products, were tested, and all of them successfully underwent aerobic oxidation to give the corresponding carboxylic acids i...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Liu M,Wang H,Zeng H,Li CJ

更新日期：2015-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Perovskite oxides with poor conductivity call for three-dimensional (3D) conductive scaffolds to demonstrate their superb reactivities for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, perovskite formation usually requires high-temperature annealing at 600° to 900°C in air, under which most of the used conductive framewor...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Li BQ,Tang C,Wang HF,Zhu XL,Zhang Q

更新日期：2016-10-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Researchers have documented race and gender inequality in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) for decades. Do lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) professionals face parallel experiences of disadvantage in STEM? Using representative survey data from 21 STEM professional societies (Nsamp...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Cech EA,Waidzunas TJ

更新日期：2021-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Compound climate extremes are receiving increasing attention because of their disproportionate impacts on humans and ecosystems. However, risks assessments generally focus on univariate statistics. We analyze the co-occurrence of hot and dry summers and show that these are correlated, inducing a much higher frequency ...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Zscheischler J,Seneviratne SI

更新日期：2017-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Ammonia synthesis consumes 3 to 5% of the world's natural gas, making it a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. Strategies for synthesizing ammonia that are not dependent on the energy-intensive and methane-based Haber-Bosch process are critically important for reducing global energy consumption and mi...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Song Y,Johnson D,Peng R,Hensley DK,Bonnesen PV,Liang L,Huang J,Yang F,Zhang F,Qiao R,Baddorf AP,Tschaplinski TJ,Engle NL,Hatzell MC,Wu Z,Cullen DA,Meyer HM 3rd,Sumpter BG,Rondinone AJ

更新日期：2018-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of sialyloligosaccharides on the surface of secreted glycoproteins is still unclear because of the difficulty in the preparation of sialylglycoproteins in a homogeneous form. We selected erythropoietin (EPO) as a target molecule and designed an efficient synthetic strategy for the chemical synthesis of a homo...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Murakami M,Kiuchi T,Nishihara M,Tezuka K,Okamoto R,Izumi M,Kajihara Y

更新日期：2016-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Solar-thermal desalination (STD) is a potentially low-cost, sustainable approach for providing high-quality fresh water in the absence of water and energy infrastructures. Despite recent efforts to advance STD by improving heat-absorbing materials and system designs, the best strategies for maximizing STD performance ...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Wang Z,Horseman T,Straub AP,Yip NY,Li D,Elimelech M,Lin S

更新日期：2019-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Advanced molecular materials that combine two or more physical properties are typically constructed by combining different molecules, each being responsible for one of the properties required. Ideally, single molecules could take care of this combined functionality, provided they are self-assembled correctly and endow...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Gorbunov AV,Garcia Iglesias M,Guilleme J,Cornelissen TD,Roelofs WSC,Torres T,González-Rodríguez D,Meijer EW,Kemerink M

更新日期：2017-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Hydroxyapatite (HA) has been widely applied in bone repair because of its superior biocompatibility. Recently, a proliferation-suppressive effect of HA nanoparticles (n-HA) against various cancer cells was reported. This study was aimed at assessing the translational value of n-HA both as a bone-regenerating material ...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Zhang K,Zhou Y,Xiao C,Zhao W,Wu H,Tang J,Li Z,Yu S,Li X,Min L,Yu Z,Wang G,Wang L,Zhang K,Yang X,Zhu X,Tu C,Zhang X

更新日期：2019-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：:When a dynamic system undergoes a cyclic evolution, a geometric phase that depends only on the path traversed in parameter space can arise in addition to the normal dynamical phase. These geometric phases have profound impacts in both quantum and classical physics. In addition to the geometric phase associated with ba...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Wang S,Ma G,Chan CT

更新日期：2018-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Since Darwin's conception of sexual selection theory, scientists have struggled to identify the evolutionary forces underlying the pervasive differences between male and female behavior, morphology, and physiology. The Darwin-Bateman paradigm predicts that anisogamy imposes stronger sexual selection on males, which, i...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Janicke T,Häderer IK,Lajeunesse MJ,Anthes N

更新日期：2016-02-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Artificial liquid-repellent surfaces have attracted substantial scientific and industrial attention with a focus on creating functional topological features; however, the role of the underlying structures has been overlooked. Recent developments in micro-nanofabrication allow us now to construct a skin-muscle type sys...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Hu S,Cao X,Reddyhoff T,Puhan D,Vladescu SC,Wang J,Shi X,Peng Z,deMello AJ,Dini D

更新日期：2020-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Engineering the thermal conductivity of amorphous materials is highly essential for the thermal management of future electronic devices. Here, we demonstrate the impact of ultrafine nanostructuring on the thermal conductivity reduction of amorphous silicon nitride (a-Si3N4) thin films, in which the thermal transport i...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Tambo N,Liao Y,Zhou C,Ashley EM,Takahashi K,Nealey PF,Naito Y,Shiomi J

更新日期：2020-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The production of renewable chemicals and biofuels must be cost- and performance- competitive with petroleum-derived equivalents to be widely accepted by markets and society. We propose a biomass conversion strategy that maximizes the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass (up to 80% of the biomass to useful products) ...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Alonso DM,Hakim SH,Zhou S,Won W,Hosseinaei O,Tao J,Garcia-Negron V,Motagamwala AH,Mellmer MA,Huang K,Houtman CJ,Labbé N,Harper DP,Maravelias C,Runge T,Dumesic JA

更新日期：2017-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：:A sulfide-oxidizing microorganism, Desulfurivibrio alkaliphilus (DA), generates a consistent enrichment of sulfur-34 (34S) in the produced sulfate of +12.5 per mil or greater. This observation challenges the general consensus that the microbial oxidation of sulfide does not result in large 34S enrichments and suggests...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Pellerin A,Antler G,Holm SA,Findlay AJ,Crockford PW,Turchyn AV,Jørgensen BB,Finster K

更新日期：2019-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) bacteriophages are among the simplest known viruses with small genomes and exceptionally high mutation rates. The number of ssRNA phage isolates has remained very low, but recent metagenomic studies have uncovered an immense variety of distinct uncultured ssRNA phages. The coat proteins...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Rūmnieks J,Liekniņa I,Kalniņš G,Šišovs M,Akopjana I,Bogans J,Tārs K

更新日期：2020-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Estimating minimum ice volume during the last interglacial based on local sea-level indicators requires that these indicators are corrected for processes that alter local sea level relative to the global average. Although glacial isostatic adjustment is generally accounted for, global scale dynamic changes in topograp...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Austermann J,Mitrovica JX,Huybers P,Rovere A

更新日期：2017-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Sustainable structural materials with light weight, great thermal dimensional stability, and superb mechanical properties are vitally important for engineering application, but the intrinsic conflict among some material properties (e.g., strength and toughness) makes it challenging to realize these performance indexes...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Guan QF,Yang HB,Han ZM,Zhou LC,Zhu YB,Ling ZC,Jiang HB,Wang PF,Ma T,Wu HA,Yu SH

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dust condensation and coagulation in the early solar system are the first steps toward forming the terrestrial planets, but the time scales of these processes remain poorly constrained. Through isotopic analysis of small Ca-Al-rich inclusions (CAIs) (30 to 100 μm in size) found in one of the most pristine chondrites, ...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Liu MC,Han J,Brearley AJ,Hertwig AT

更新日期：2019-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding how surfaces direct nucleation is a complex problem that limits our ability to predict and control crystal formation. We here address this challenge using high-speed imaging to identify and quantify the sites at which ice nucleates in water droplets on the two natural cleavage faces of macroscopic feldsp...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Holden MA,Whale TF,Tarn MD,O'Sullivan D,Walshaw RD,Murray BJ,Meldrum FC,Christenson HK

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Active materials are capable of converting free energy into directional motion, giving rise to notable dynamical phenomena. Developing a general understanding of their structure in relation to the underlying nonequilibrium physics would provide a route toward control of their dynamic behavior and pave the way for pote...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Kumar N,Zhang R,de Pablo JJ,Gardel ML

更新日期：2018-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The exceptionally long quantum coherence times of phosphorus donor nuclear spin qubits in silicon, coupled with the proven scalability of silicon-based nano-electronics, make them attractive candidates for large-scale quantum computing. However, the high threshold of topological quantum error correction can only be ca...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Hill CD,Peretz E,Hile SJ,House MG,Fuechsle M,Rogge S,Simmons MY,Hollenberg LC

更新日期：2015-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Local thermal magnetization fluctuations in Li-doped MnTe are found to increase its thermopower α strongly at temperatures up to 900 K. Below the Néel temperature (TN ~ 307 K), MnTe is antiferromagnetic, and magnon drag contributes αmd to the thermopower, which scales as ~T3. Magnon drag persists into the paramagnetic...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Zheng Y,Lu T,Polash MMH,Rasoulianboroujeni M,Liu N,Manley ME,Deng Y,Sun PJ,Chen XL,Hermann RP,Vashaee D,Heremans JP,Zhao H

更新日期：2019-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The single-span membrane protein KCNE3 modulates a variety of voltage-gated ion channels in diverse biological contexts. In epithelial cells, KCNE3 regulates the function of the KCNQ1 potassium ion (K(+)) channel to enable K(+) recycling coupled to transepithelial chloride ion (Cl(-)) secretion, a physiologically crit...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Kroncke BM,Van Horn WD,Smith J,Kang C,Welch RC,Song Y,Nannemann DP,Taylor KC,Sisco NJ,George AL Jr,Meiler J,Vanoye CG,Sanders CR

更新日期：2016-09-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Direct residential and transportation energy consumption (RTC) contributes significantly to ambient fine particulate matter with a diameter smaller than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) in China. During massive rural-urban migration, population and pollutant emissions from RTC have evolved in terms of magnitude and geographic distribut...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Shen H,Tao S,Chen Y,Ciais P,Güneralp B,Ru M,Zhong Q,Yun X,Zhu X,Huang T,Tao W,Chen Y,Li B,Wang X,Liu W,Liu J,Zhao S

更新日期：2017-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The geothermal heat flux is a critical thermal boundary condition that influences the melting, flow, and mass balance of ice sheets, but measurements of this parameter are difficult to make in ice-covered regions. We report the first direct measurement of geothermal heat flux into the base of the West Antarctic Ice Sh...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Fisher AT,Mankoff KD,Tulaczyk SM,Tyler SW,Foley N,WISSARD Science Team.

更新日期：2015-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Ontogenetic studies provide clues for understanding important paleobiological aspects of extinct species. When compared to that of modern humans, the adult Neanderthal thorax was shorter, deeper, and wider. This is related to the wide Neanderthal body and is consistent with their hypothetical large requirements for en...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： García-Martínez D,Bastir M,Gómez-Olivencia A,Maureille B,Golovanova L,Doronichev V,Akazawa T,Kondo O,Ishida H,Gascho D,Zollikofer CPE,de León MP,Heuzé Y

更新日期：2020-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：:After European colonization, the ancestral remains of Indigenous people were often collected for scientific research or display in museum collections. For many decades, Indigenous people, including Native Americans and Aboriginal Australians, have fought for their return. However, many of these remains have no recorde...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Wright JL,Wasef S,Heupink TH,Westaway MC,Rasmussen S,Pardoe C,Fourmile GG,Young M,Johnson T,Slade J,Kennedy R,Winch P,Pappin M Sr,Wales T,Bates WB,Hamilton S,Whyman N,van Holst Pellekaan S,McAllister PJ,Taçon PSC,

更新日期：2018-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrogen oxides, released from fossil fuel use and other combustion processes, affect air quality and climate. From the mid-1990s onward, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) has been monitored from space, and since 2004 with relatively high spatial resolution by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument. Strong upward NO2 trends have been o...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Lelieveld J,Beirle S,Hörmann C,Stenchikov G,Wagner T

更新日期：2015-08-21 00:00:00