Decentralized care for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:To assess the effectiveness of decentralized treatment and care for patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis, in comparison with centralized approaches. METHODS:We searched ClinicalTrials.gov, the Cochrane library, Embase®, Google Scholar, LILACS, PubMed®, Web of Science and the World Health Organization's portal of clinical trials for studies reporting treatment outcomes for decentralized and centralized care of MDR tuberculosis. The primary outcome was treatment success. When possible, we also evaluated, death, loss to follow-up, treatment adherence and health-system costs. To obtain pooled relative risk (RR) estimates, we performed random-effects meta-analyses. FINDINGS:Eight studies met the eligibility criteria for review inclusion. Six cohort studies, with 4026 participants in total, reported on treatment outcomes. The pooled RR estimate for decentralized versus centralized care for treatment success was 1.13 (95% CI: 1.01-1.27). The corresponding estimate for loss to follow-up was RR: 0.66 (95% CI: 0.38-1.13), for death RR: 1.01 (95% CI: 0.67-1.52) and for treatment failure was RR: 1.07 (95% CI: 0.48-2.40). Two of three studies evaluating health-care costs reported lower costs for the decentralized models of care than for the centralized models. CONCLUSION:Treatment success was more likely among patients with MDR tuberculosis treated using a decentralized approach. Further studies are required to explore the effectiveness of decentralized MDR tuberculosis care in a range of different settings. OBJECTIF:Évaluer l'efficacité de la prise en charge et des traitements décentralisés pour les patients atteints de tuberculose multirésistante (TB-MR), par rapport aux approches centralisées. MÉTHODES:Nous avons recherché, dans les bases de données de ClinicalTrials.gov, de la Cochrane Library, d'Embase®, de Google Scholar, de LILACS, de PubMed® et de Web of Science, ainsi que sur le portail de l'Organisation mondiale de la Santé dédié aux essais cliniques, des études qui mentionnaient les résultats d’une prise en charge centralisée ou décentralisée de la tuberculose multirésistante. Le premier critère pris en compte était la réussite du traitement. Lorsque cela était possible, nous avons aussi évalué le nombre de décès, l'interruption du suivi, le respect du traitement et les coûts pour le système de santé. Afin d'obtenir des estimations globales du risque relatif (RR), nous avons procédé à des méta-analyses à effets aléatoires. RÉSULTATS:Huit études remplissaient les critères d'admissibilité permettant d'être incluses dans notre revue. Six études de cohortes, comportant 4026 participants au total, mentionnaient les résultats de traitements. L'estimation globale du RR d'une prise en charge décentralisée par rapport à une prise en charge centralisée concernant la réussite du traitement était de 1,13 (IC 95%: 1,01-1,27). Les estimations correspondantes du RR étaient, pour l'interruption du suivi, de 0,66 (IC 95%: 0,38–1,13), pour le décès: 1,01 (IC 95%: 0,67–1,52) et pour l'échec du traitement: 1,07 (IC 95%: 0,48-2,40). Deux études sur trois qui évaluaient les coûts pour le système de santé ont fait état de coûts plus faibles pour les modèles décentralisés que pour les modèles centralisés. CONCLUSION:Les traitements avaient plus de chances de réussir chez les patients atteints de tuberculose multirésistante traités selon une approche décentralisée. D'autres études sont nécessaires pour évaluer l'efficacité de la prise en charge décentralisée de la tuberculose multirésistante dans une diversité de contextes. OBJETIVO:Evaluar la efectividad de la atención y el tratamiento descentralizados para pacientes con tuberculosis multirresistente (TB-MR), en comparación con los enfoques centralizados. MÉTODOS:Se realizaron búsquedas de estudios que informen sobre resultados de tratamientos para la TB-MR con atención descentralizada y centralizada en ClinicalTrials.gov, la Biblioteca Cochrane, Embase®, Google Scholar, LILACS, PubMed®, Web of Science y el portal de ensayos clínicos de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. El resultado principal era el éxito del tratamiento. Cuando fue posible, también se tuvieron en consideración las defunciones, las pérdidas durante el seguimiento, el cumplimiento del tratamiento y los costes del sistema sanitario. Para obtener estimaciones de riesgo relativo (RR) combinadas, se realizaron metaanálisis de efectos aleatorios. RESULTADOS:Ocho estudios cumplieron con los criterios de elegibilidad para incluirse en la revisión. Seis estudios de cohortes, con 4 026 participantes en total, contribuyeron con los resultados del tratamiento. La estimación de RR combinada de la atención descentralizada frente a la centralizada para el éxito del tratamiento fue de 1,13 (IC del 95%: 1,01–1,27). Las estimaciones correspondientes para las pérdidas durante el seguimiento tuvieron un RR de 0,66 (IC del 95%: 0,38–1,13), el RR de las defunciones fue de 1,01 (IC del 95%: 0,67–1,52) y el RR del incumplimiento del tratamiento fue de 1,07 (IC del 95%: 0,48–2,40). Dos de tres estudios que evaluaban los costes de la atención sanitaria registraron menos costes para los modelos de atención descentralizada que para los modelos centralizados. CONCLUSIÓN:El éxito del tratamiento era más probable entre pacientes con TB-MR tratada con un enfoque descentralizado. Los estudios adicionales necesitan explorar la efectividad de la atención descentralizada de la TB-MR en una variedad de distintos contextos. الغرض:تقييم فعالية العلاج اللامركزي ورعاية المرضى الذين يعانون من مرض السل المقاوم للأدوية المتعددة (MDR)، بالمقارنة مع الأساليب المركزية. الطريقة:قمنا بالبحث في ClinicalTrials.gov، ومكتبة Cochrane، وEmbase®‎، وGoogle Scholar، وLILACS، وPubMed®‎، وWeb of Science والبوابة الإلكترونية لمنظمة الصحة العالمية الخاصة بالتجارب السريرية عن دراسات إبلاغ نتائج علاج الرعاية اللامركزية والمركزية لمرض السل المقاوم للأدوية المتعددة. وأظهرت النتيجة الأولية نجاح العلاج. كما قمنا بتقييم الوفيات، وفقدان المتابعة، والالتزام بالعلاج، وتكاليف النظام الصحي عندما كان ذلك ممكنًا. وللحصول على تقديرات الاختطار النسبي المجمعة (RR)، أجرينا تحاليل تلوية عشوائية التأثيرات. النتائج:استوفت ثماني دراسات معايير الأهلية لإدراجها في عملية المراجعة. وقد أوردت ست دراسات أترابية عن نتائج العلاج والتي ضمت 4026 مشاركًا بشكل إجمالي. وكانت نسبة نجاح علاج التقدير المجمع للاختطار النسبي من أجل الرعاية اللامركزية مقابل الرعاية المركزية 1.13 (بنسبة أرجحية مقدارها 95‏%: 1.01–1.27). وكانت التقديرات المقابلة لفقدان المتابعة هي الاختطار النسبي: 0.66 (بنسبة أرجحية مقدارها 95‏%: 0.38‏-1.13)، الاختطار النسبي للوفيات: 1.01 (بنسبة أرجحية مقدارها 95‏%: 0.67‏-1.52) وبالنسبة لفشل العلاج كان الاختطار النسبي: 1.07 (بنسبة أرجحية مقدارها 95%: 0.48‏-2.40). أوردت اثنتان من ضمن ثلاث دراسات لتقييم تكاليف الرعاية الصحية عن انخفاض تكاليف نماذج الرعاية اللامركزية عن النماذج المركزية. الاستنتاج:كان نجاح العلاج أكثر احتمالًا بين المرضى الذين يعانون من السل المقاوم للأدوية المتعددة والذين تم علاجهم باستخدام أسلوب لامركزي. يلزم إجراء مزيد من الدراسات لاستكشاف فعالية الرعاية اللامركزية للسل المقاوم للأدوية المتعددة (MDR) في مجموعة من البيئات المختلفة. 目的:对比集中治疗方法评估耐多药结核病 (MDR) 患者的分散化治疗和护理的效果。. 方法:我们搜索了 ClinicalTrials.gov、Cochrane 图书馆、Embase®、谷歌学术、LILACS、PubMed®、Web of Science 和世界卫生组织临床试验门户网站上有关耐多药结核病 (MDR) 患者的分散化和集中治疗结果的研究。 主要的成果是治疗成功。 条件允许时,我们还对死亡率、失访率、治疗依从性和卫生系统成本进行了评估。 为了获取汇总相对风险 (RR) 估值,我们进行了随机效应元分析。. 结果:八项研究符合纳入评审的资格标准。 共有 4026 名参与者参与了六项队列研究,报告了治疗结果。 治疗成功的分散化和集中护理的汇总 RR 估值为 1.13 (95% CI: 1.01–1.27)。 相应的失访率 RR 估值为: 0.66 (95% CI: 0.38–1.13),死亡率 RR 估值为: 1.01 (95% CI: 0.67–1.52),治疗失败 RR 估值为: 1.07 (95% CI: 0.48–2.40)。 三份评估医疗护理成本的研究中,有两项指出,分散模式的护理成本低于集中模式的成本。. 结论:采用分散化方法进行治疗的耐多药结核病患者的治疗成功率更高。 需要开展进一步研究,以探索耐多药结核病分散化治疗在多种不同环境下的效果。. Цель:Провести оценку эффективности децентрализованной формы оказания медицинской помощи пациентам с туберкулезом со множественной лекарственной устойчивостью (МЛУ) по сравнению с централизованными подходами. Методы:Мы провели поиск в ClinicalTrials.gov, Кокрановской библиотеке, Embase®, Google Scholar, LILACS, PubMed®, Web of Science и на портале клинических испытаний Всемирной организации здравоохранения на предмет исследований, в которых сообщается о результатах лечения туберкулеза с МЛУ при децентрализованной и централизованной форме оказания медицинской помощи. Основным результатом была эффективность лечения. По возможности мы также проводили оценку летальности, популяции пациентов, выбывших из последующего наблюдения, следования предписанному режиму и затрат в системе здравоохранения. Чтобы получить объединенные оценки отношения рисков (ОР), мы провели метаанализы с использованием модели случайных эффектов. Результаты:Восемь исследований соответствовали критериям приемлемости для включения в обзор. В шести когортных исследованиях, в которых участвовало 4026 человек, сообщалось о результатах лечения. Объединенная оценка ОР для эффективности лечения при децентрализованной и централизованной формах лечения составила 1,13 (95%-й ДИ: 1,01–1,27). Соответствующими оценками ОР для пациентов, выбывших из последующего наблюдения, были: 0,66 (95%-й ДИ: 0,38–1,13), ОР для летальности: 1,01 (95%-й ДИ: 0,67–1,52), ОР для безуспешного лечения: 1,07 (95%-й ДИ: 0,48–2,40). В двух из трех исследований, в которых проводилась оценка затрат в системе здравоохранения, сообщалось о более низких затратах при децентрализованной форме оказания медицинской помощи по сравнению с централизованной моделью. Вывод:Эффективность лечения была более вероятной среди пациентов с МЛУ-туберкулезом, получавших медицинскую помощь с использованием децентрализованного подхода. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования для изучения эффективности децентрализованного подхода при лечении туберкулеза с МЛУ в различных условиях.

authors

Ho J,Byrne AL,Linh NN,Jaramillo E,Fox GJ

doi

10.2471/BLT.17.193375

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-08-01 00:00:00

pages

584-593

issue

8

eissn

0042-9686

issn

1564-0604

pii

BLT.17.193375

journal_volume

95

pub_type

杂志文章,meta分析,评审
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    更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00

  • Identifying high-risk areas for sporadic measles outbreaks: lessons from South Africa.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To develop a model for identifying areas at high risk for sporadic measles outbreaks based on an analysis of factors associated with a national outbreak in South Africa between 2009 and 2011. METHODS:Data on cases occurring before and during the national outbreak were obtained from the South African measles ...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2471/BLT.12.110726

    authors: Sartorius B,Cohen C,Chirwa T,Ntshoe G,Puren A,Hofman K

    更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00

  • Microfilaria survey methods and analysis of survey data in filariasis control programmes.

    abstract::Based on studies carried out by the author and his associates in areas of Japan and South Asia where malayan and bancroftian filariasis is endemic, this paper recommends methods for use in microfilaria surveys and in the analysis of data obtained in such surveys. The author recommends the use of measured blood samples...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Sasa M

    更新日期:1967-01-01 00:00:00

  • Progress in enzyme immunoassays: production of reagents, experimental design, and interpretation.

    abstract::Enzyme immunoassays represent in many cases the preferred procedure for the detection of antigens or corresponding antibodies. However, many of the current procedures are performed suboptimally. This article reviews the available designs, auxiliary recognition systems, production and purification of antibodies, conjug...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Kurstak E

    更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00

  • Linking local knowledge with global action: examining the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria through a knowledge system lens.

    abstract::New global public health institutions are increasingly emphasizing transparency in decision-making, developing-country ownership of projects and programmes, and merit- and performance-based funding. Such principles imply an institutional response to the challenge of bridging the "know-do gap", by basing decisions expl...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2471/blt.05.028704

    authors: van Kerkhoff L,Szlezák N

    更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00

  • Three basic convictions: a recipe for preventing child injuries.

    abstract::This paper represents a personal reflection on what is needed worldwide to prevent child injuries. It repeats messages that have been frequently delivered in the past. The main points are: first, the need for everyone to accept the view that, ultimately, injuries are a health problem and health departments must view t...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2471/blt.08.058024

    authors: Pless IB

    更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00

  • Drowning deaths between 1861 and 2000 in Victoria, Australia.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To identify the long-term patterns of drowning mortality in the state of Victoria, Australia, and to describe the historical context in which the decrease occurred. METHODS:We obtained data on drowning deaths and population statistics from the Australian Bureau of Statistics and its predecessors for the peri...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章

    doi:10.2471/BLT.16.174425

    authors: Staines C,Ozanne-Smith J

    更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00

  • WHO respiratory disease survey in children: a serological study.

    abstract::This paper is a report on the first (serological) phase of a study organized by WHO in collaboration with the WHO International Reference Centre for Respiratory Virus Diseases other than Influenza in Bethesda, Md., USA, to define the viral etiology of severe respiratory infections in children, particularly in tropical...

    journal_title:Bulletin of the World Health Organization

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Chanock R,Chambon L,Chang W,Gonçalves Ferreira F,Gharpure P,Grant L,Hatem J,Imam I,Kalra S,Lim K,Madalengoitia J,Spence L,Teng P,Ferreira W

    更新日期:1967-01-01 00:00:00