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Effects of Smoking Cessation on Presynaptic Dopamine Function of Addicted Male Smokers.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:There is evidence of abnormal cerebral dopamine transmission in nicotine-dependent smokers, but it is unclear whether dopaminergic abnormalities are due to acute nicotine abuse or whether they persist with abstinence. We addressed this question by conducting longitudinal positron emission tomography (PET) examination of smokers before and after 3 months of abstinence. METHODS:We obtained baseline 6-[(18)F]fluoro-L-DOPA (FDOPA)-PET scans in 15 nonsmokers and 30 nicotine-dependent smokers, who either smoked as per their usual habit or were in acute withdrawal. All smokers then underwent cessation treatment, and successful abstainers were re-examined by FDOPA-PET after 3 months of abstinence (n = 15). Uptake of FDOPA was analyzed using a steady-state model yielding estimates of the dopamine synthesis capacity (K); the turnover of tracer dopamine formed in living brain (kloss); and the tracer distribution volume (Vd), which is an index of dopamine storage capacity. RESULTS:Compared with nonsmokers, K was 15% to 20% lower in the caudate nuclei of consuming smokers. Intraindividual comparisons of consumption and long-term abstinence revealed significant increases in K in the right dorsal and left ventral caudate nuclei. Relative to acute withdrawal, Vd significantly decreased in the right ventral and dorsal caudate after prolonged abstinence. Severity of nicotine dependence significantly correlated with dopamine synthesis capacity and dopamine turnover in the bilateral ventral putamen of consuming smokers. CONCLUSIONS:The results suggest a lower dopamine synthesis capacity in nicotine-dependent smokers that appears to normalize with abstinence. Further investigations are needed to clarify the role of dopamine in nicotine addiction to help develop smoking prevention and cessation treatments.

journal_name

Biol Psychiatry

journal_title

Biological psychiatry

authors

Rademacher L,Prinz S,Winz O,Henkel K,Dietrich CA,Schmaljohann J,Mohammadkhani Shali S,Schabram I,Stoppe C,Cumming P,Hilgers RD,Kumakura Y,Coburn M,Mottaghy FM,Gründer G,Vernaleken I

doi

10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.11.009

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-08-01 00:00:00

pages

198-206

issue

3

eissn

0006-3223

issn

1873-2402

pii

S0006-3223(15)00962-2

journal_volume

80

pub_type

杂志文章

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