[Experience in using Prolia in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis in clinical practice].

Abstract:

AIM:To evaluate the efficiency and safety of long-term Prolia therapy in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis (OP). SUBJECTS AND METHODS:The open prospective study enrolled 98 women (mean age, 68±9 years; mean menopause duration, 17±4 years) with postmenopausal OP, who were followed up in an outpatient setting at the National Medical Research Center for Preventive Medicine and who had been treated with denosumab 60 mg subcutaneously every 6 months for 12 months or more. The maximum follow-up period was 4 years: 48, 29, 11, and 10 patients were treated for 12, 24, 36, and 48 months, respectively. The patients were allocated into 2 groups: those who received and those who had not previously received antiosteoporotic therapy. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using dual-energy X-ray densitometry of the lumbar spine (LI-LIV) and proximal femur (PF). The ten-year probability of major osteoporotic fractures was estimated once in 72 patients not previously receiving antiosteoporotic therapy before the prescription of denosumab. RESULTS:In the patients not previously receiving therapy, the median 10-year probability of major fractures using the FRAX algorithm was 14.9%; that of femoral neck (FN) fractures was 3.7%. During denosumab treatment, the BMD increase in the lumbar spine was 4.2% at 12 months, 7.5% at 24 months, was 8.8% at 36 months; that in FN was 3.1, 3.9, and 5.3%, that in PF was 2.8, 4.1, and 5%; and that in the 1/3 forearm was 0.9, 1.4, and 2.6%, respectively (p < 0.001). In the persons receiving and not previously receiving the therapy, the BMD increase was similar, i.e. there was an additional positive effect when switching to denosumab. The decrease in the serum concentration of C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I) was 54% at 6 months after initiation of denosumab therapy (p < 0.001) and 72% at 12 months (p<0.001); and the achieved marker level remained unchanged at 48 months. Transition from the OP zone to osteopenia one was noted in 23 patients with low BMD (T-score -2.5 SD) in LI-LII and in 12 patients with that in FN at 12 months of denosumab therapy and this was in 25 patients at 24 months. Nine-eight patients receiving the first Prolia injection refused to continue treatment on their own; adverse events were not the reason for drug discontinuation. CONCLUSION:Therapy with denosumab was effective in increasing BMD in routine outpatient practice and in allowing 25% of patients to achieve target values of this indicator. The marked decrease in the level of the bone resorption marker STX suggested that the drug had antiresorptive potency. The frequency of adverse reactions was low, confirming the good tolerability and safety profile of the drug. The convenience of the scheme and route of drug administration contributed to strict compliance with the doctor's recommendations. Denosumab was effective in increasing BMD not only in untreated patients, but also in those who had previously received antiosteoporotic therapy. The pharmacokinetic characteristics of denosumab, which contribute to its uniform distribution in trabecular and cortical bone tissue, regardless of active bone remodeling, and the fact that the clearance of the drug is independent of kidney function offer an advantage of administering the drug to patients with significant loss of FN and radius BMD and of reducing kidney function. :Цель исследования. Оценка эффективности и безопасности длительной терапии препаратом Пролиа у пациенток с постменопаузальным остеопорозом (ОП). Материалы и методы. В открытое проспективное исследование включили 98 женщин (средний возраст пациенток 68±9 лет, средняя продолжительность постменопаузы 17±4 лет) с постменопаузальным ОП, которые наблюдались амбулаторно в НМИЦ ПМ и на протяжении 12 мес и более получали деносумаб в дозе 60 мг 1 раз в 6 мес подкожно. Максимальный период наблюдения составил 4 года: 48 человек получали лечение в течение 12 мес, 29 - 24 мес, 11 - 36 мес, 10 - 48 мес. Пациенток распределили в 2 группы: получавшие и не получавшие ранее антиостеопоротическую терапию. Минеральная плотность костной ткани (МПКТ) измеряли с помощью двухэнергетической рентгеновской денситометрии поясничного отдела позвоночника (LI-LIV) и проксимального отдела бедренной кости (ПОБК). Оценку 10-летней вероятности основных остеопоротических переломов проводили однократно у 72 пациенток, которые до назначения деносумаба не получали антиостеопоротическую терапию. Результаты. Медиана 10-летней вероятности основных переломов по FRAX у пациенток, не получавших ранее терапии, составила 14,9%, по переломам шейки бедренной кости (ШБК) - 3,7%. На фоне лечения деносумабом прирост МПКТ в поясничном отделе позвоночника через 12 мес составил 4,2%, через 24 мес - 7,5%, через 36 мес - 8,8%, в ШБК на 3,1, 3,9 и 5,3%, во всем ПОБК - на 2,8, 4,1 и 5%, в предплечье (1/3 лучевой кости) - на 0,9, 1,4 и 2,6% соответственно (р<0,001). Прирост МПКТ у лиц, принимавших и не принимавших ранее терапию, был аналогичным, т.е. дополнительный положительный эффект при переходе на деносумаб. Снижение концентрации С-концевого телопептида коллагена I типа в сыворотке крови (СTx) через 6 мес после начала терапии деносумабом составило 54% (р<0,001), через 12 мес - 72% (р<0,001), через 48 мес достигнутый уровень маркера сохранялся. Через 12 мес терапии деносумабом переход из 'зоны' ОП в 'зону' остеопении отмечался у 23 пациенток с низкой МПКТ (Т-критерий –2,5 SD) в LI-LII и у 12 в ШБК, а через 24 мес - у 25. Среди 98 пациенток, получивших первую инъекцию Пролиа, самостоятельного отказа от продолжения лечения не было, нежелательные явления не являлись поводом для отмены препарата. Заключение. Терапия деносумабом в условиях обычной амбулаторной практики эффективно повышала МПКТ и позволила у 25% пациенток достичь целевых значений этого показателя. Выраженное снижением уровня маркера костной резорбции СTx свидетельствовало о мощной антирезорбтивной активности препарата. Частота побочных эффектов была низкой, подтверждая хороший профиль переносимости и безопасности препарата. Удобство схемы и формы введения препарата способствовало безотказному следованию предписаниям врачей. Деносумаб эффективно повышал МПКТ не только у нелеченых пациенток, но и у тех, кто ранее получал антиостеопоротическую терапию. Особенности фармакокинетики деносумаба, обусловливающие его равномерное распределение в трабекулярной и кортикальной костной ткани независимо от активности костного ремоделирования, и то, что клиренс препарата не зависит от функции почек, дают преимущество при назначении пациенткам со значительной потерей МПКТ в ШБК, лучевой кости и снижении функции почек.

journal_name

Ter Arkh

journal_title

Terapevticheskii arkhiv

authors

Skripnikova IA,Kosmatova OV,Abirova ES,Novikov VE,Murashko LM

doi

10.17116/terarkh20178912190-196

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-01-01 00:00:00

pages

190-196

issue

12. Vyp. 2

eissn

0040-3660

issn

2309-5342

journal_volume

89

pub_type

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