Abstract:
:Specific lesions of different brain structures known to contain or to be coursed by LHRH neurons have been carried out in intact cycling female rats in order to investigate the role played by central LHRH and neuronal systems in the regulation of ovarian and hypophyseal LHRH receptor (LHRH-R) levels, using the stable LHRH analog [D-Ser (TBU)6] Des-Gly10, LHRH ethylamide, buserelin. Radiofrequency lesions were placed bilaterally or unilaterally into female rats showing at least two consecutive estrous cycles, under pentobarbital anesthesia, while groups of animals were sham-operated. Bilateral lesions placed into the septal area and into the nucleus and tract of the diagonal band of Broca (DBB) resulted in a nearly 25-40% stimulation of LHRH binding activity within the ovaries and a 30% inhibition of LHRH analog binding to pituitary homogenate, while lesions placed into the medial preoptic area (MPO), where the majority of LHRH neurons are found, produced a doubling of ovarian LHRH-R accompanied by a 60% decrease of pituitary binding sites. Lesions involving the median eminence and arcuate hypothalamic nucleus, where the most conspicuous convergence of LHRH fibers occurs, produced a twofold increase in ovarian LHRH-R levels and an almost complete loss of pituitary LHRH-R binding capacity, with no change in affinity. In order to clarify the importance of direct neural signals modulating the ovarian LHRH-R concentration, lesions were placed in the right or left MPO and DBB, and the content of LHRH-R measured in right and left ovaries. Lesions placed unilaterally (right or left) produced a significant increase of LHRH-R binding activity within the ovary ipsilateral to the lesion, while a reduction or no effect was observed in the contralateral gland. Data show a marked stimulation of ovarian LHRH-R number following bilateral lesions placed in the major LHRH-containing structures, while pituitary LHRH binding sites are significantly inhibited, indicating impairment in the rate and/or amplitude of endogenous hypothalamic LHRH release. Furthermore results obtained following unilateral lesions indicate that a neural mechanism is involved in ovarian LHRH receptor induction and further reinforce our view that a direct neural connection links the brain and the ovaries.
journal_name
Neuroendocrinologyjournal_title
Neuroendocrinologyauthors
Marchetti B,Cioni M,Scapagnini Udoi
10.1159/000124196subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-10-01 00:00:00pages
321-31issue
4eissn
0028-3835issn
1423-0194journal_volume
41pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Blood samples were removed via chronic intra-atrial cannulae every 15 min in female rats during the estrous cycle, the last week of pregnancy, parturition and suckling. Growth hormone (GH) secretion during the estrous cycle is characterized by episodic release, occurring approximately once hourly. The surges in GH inc...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000122525
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the variations in growth hormone (GH) and somatostatin (SOM) mRNAs in adult, middle-aged and aging rats of both sexes using quantitative in situ hybridization. cDNA probes complementary to GH mRNA and SOM mRNA were used on fixed pituitary and hypothalamic sections, respectively. A clear sexual dim...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125967
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study investigated the effects of short-term exposure to constant light, initiated at the time of ovariectomy, on the ability of estradiol (E2) treatment alone or in conjunction with progesterone (P) to induce afternoon surges of LH and prolactin (PRL). Adult Fischer 344 rats, which had been ovariectomized...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000127009
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of endogenous opiate peptides in the mesencephalic central gray (MCG) and their possible interactions with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the regulation of lordosis behavior was assessed in ovariectomized, estrogen-treated and estrogen-progesterone-treated female rats. Lordosis behavior triggered by...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123983
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The modulatory actions of ovarian steroids on the norepinephrine (NE) induced alterations in luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion were examined in male and female rats. Long-term (4 weeks) castrated male and female rats bearing chronic third-ventricle cannulae were implanted with intra-atrial catheters. Animals were ble...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124581
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with active acromegaly are frequently insulin resistant, glucose intolerant, and at risk for developing overt type 2 diabetes. At the same time, these patients have a relatively lean phenotype associated with mobilization and oxidation of free fatty acids. These features are reversed by curative surgical remo...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000430819
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of stress- or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin-induced release of ACTH, beta-endorphin (beta-END) and prolactin (PRL) was investigated in two groups of conscious male rats: (1) Rats pretreated with different H3 receptor agonists, which inhibit neuronal histamine (HA) synthesis and release, and (2) rats wi...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000054402
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autoradiographic methods were used to study the location of estrogen-concentrating cells in the brain of the female hamster. In the hypothalamus, well-labelled cells were reliably found in the posterior medial preoptic area (MPOA), the anterior hypothalamus (AHA), and the ventromedial (VM), arcuate (ARC) and ventral p...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000122626
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We measured the concentration of oxytocin and vasopressin in microdissected areas of the hypothalamus and posterior pituitary in weanling and adult female rats. Oxytocin concentration was significantly less in adult rats as compared to weanling rats in the supraoptic nucleus, median eminence, and retrochiasmatic area ...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123067
更新日期:1980-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vasostatin, a fragment of calreticulin, was transfected in the BON cell line to evaluate the feasibility of using it for gene therapy in neuroendocrine tumors. Vasostatin transfected cells were subcutaneously inoculated in nude mice. Burkitt lymphoma cell line, CA46, colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line, SW480, as well...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000089749
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Allopregnanolone is a neuroactive steroid synthesized in rat gonads, adrenal cortex, and central nervous system. It has been suggested that sex steroid hormones might influence allopregnanolone concentrations but no clear data have ever been reported. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of admi...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000054583
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) nerve fibers and cell bodies in the rat hypothalamus and pituitary gland was immunohistochemically examined using antibodies against the GABA-synthesizing enzyme glutamate decarboxylase (GAD). The dense network of GAD-positive nerve fibers was observed to be essential...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123288
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of GABAa receptor activation on the secretion of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) from the superfused pars intermedia of the amphibian Xenopus laevis were examined. The GABAa receptor agonist isoguvacine inhibited secretion of alpha-MSH from the pars intermedia, an action completely antagon...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126516
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is involved in the regulation and maintenance of gametogenesis. It exists in multiple molecular forms with different oligosaccharide structures which in turn are influenced by the hormonal milieu. Previous studies from our laboratory demonstrated that antiandrogen administration to i...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000054484
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of these studies was to determine the temporal requirements and time of day required for progesterone (P4) to amplify versus extinguish LH surges. The experimental animal model used in these studies was the 7-day ovariectomized rat (day 0) treated continuously with estradiol (E2) for 2-4 days (days 2, 3 or...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124241
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study was designed to determine whether the ability of central oxytocin (OT) to stimulate gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on the afternoon of proestrus (PE) in the cycling female rat is mediated at the level of GnRH terminals within the median eminence (ME), or at higher hypothalamic levels where GnRH cell b...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000054678
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that the hypothalamic concentration of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA and several POMC-derived peptides increases in the rat 4 weeks after orchiectomy and that this increase can be prevented by testosterone replacement. In this study, we have examined the short-term effects of orchiectomy...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125638
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have used excitatory amino acids as tools to elucidate changes in hypothalamic function associated with lactation, focusing on the regulation of luteinizing hormone (LH) and prolactin secretion. In these studies, we have compared the responsiveness to NMA (N-methyl-D,L-aspartate), an agonist for the N-methyl-D-aspa...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126576
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Several studies have suggested that diet, especially one enriched in microbiota-fermented fibers or fat, regulates behavior. The underlying mechanisms are currently unknown. We previously reported that certain macronutrients (fermentable fiber and protein) regulate energy homeostasis via the activation of ...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000514289
更新日期:2021-01-11 00:00:00
abstract::Both the pituitary-adrenal axis and the pituitary-gonadal axis are under the tonic inhibitory control of endogenous opioid peptides in man. However, the precise opioid receptor involved in the modulation of these hormones remains unknown. The effect of a dose of intravenous naloxone on serum levels of luteinising horm...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124463
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infusion of the three human prepro-VIP derived peptides [vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), peptide histidine methionine (PHM) and the newly discovered peptide histidine valine (PHV-42)] at a constant nominal rate of 5 pmol/kg/min in 6 healthy volunteers for 60 min resulted in plateau plasma levels of 56,475 and 1,0...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125071
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The level of thyroid hormone in blood has been acutely decreased by about 20--30% within 20 min with the aid of isovolemic exchange transfusion (IET) of thyroid hormone free blood cell suspension (THFBCS) in three groups of rats: (1) intact control (C); (2) median eminence (ME)-lesioned; (3) thalamus (TH)-lesioned. Th...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000122711
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study the effect of methadone (M) on gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the rat hypothalamus was investigated. The specificity of the M effect was demonstrated by injecting M (100 ng) and the M antagonist, naloxone (5 ng), into the ventromedial hypothalamus. A significant drop in the blood testosterone l...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123326
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The accuracy and reproducibility of the World Health Organization (WHO) 2015 classification of bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms (BP-NENs) is disputed. The aim of this study is to classify and grade BP-NENs using the WHO 2019 classification of digestive system NENs (DiS-NEN-WHO 2019), and to analyze its accura...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000502776
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of (D-Met2,Pro5)-enkephalinamide--a superactive enkephalin analogue--on the preovulatory discharge of gonadotrophic hormones and on ovulation were investigated. Injection of the opioid (16 nmol) into a lateral cerebral ventricle of regularly cycling female rats immediately before the critical period on the...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123135
更新日期:1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The worldwide obesity epidemic is increasing, yet at this time, no long-acting and specific pharmaceutical therapies are available. Peripheral hormonal signals communicate metabolic status to the hypothalamus by activating their corresponding receptors in the arcuate nucleus (ARC). In this brain region, a variety of G...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000334903
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of catecholamines on plasma levels of immunoreactive ACTH (ACTHi), alpha-MSH (alpha-MSHi), beta-endorphin (beta-ENDi), arginine-vasopressin (AVPi) and of corticosterone (B) was studied in female rats. Intravenous infusion of the specific beta-adrenoceptor-stimulating agent l-isoproterenol in Wistar rats und...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123529
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kisspeptin is a neuropeptide that signals via a Gαq-coupled receptor, GPR54, in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons and is essential for pubertal maturation and fertility. Kisspeptin depolarizes and excites GnRH neurons primarily through the activation of canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) channel...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000370311
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In previous studies, we have shown that male Wistar rats exposed to a single inescapable stressor session (15 min restraint) exhibited 24 h later an anxiogenic-like behavior in the elevated plus-maze (EPM), which was reversed by inhibition of corticosterone (CS) synthesis with metyrapone (75 mg/kg i.p.) 3 h before str...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000054643
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:An increasing number of middle-aged men are being screened for low testosterone levels and the number of prescriptions for various forms of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) has increased dramatically over the last 10 years. However, the safety of TRT has come into question with some studies suggestin...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000504445
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00