Abstract：
:The maximum erythemal dose rate (EDRmax ) at the Earth's surface tends to occur at local noon. However, clouds can make the timing of EDRmax significantly away from local noon. In fact, EDRmax and its time of occurrence depend mainly on the solar zenith angle at noon (SZAn ), site's altitude, the total ozone column (TOC), cloud cover, cloud genera and aerosols. This work depicts the daily incidence of EDRmax for Belo Horizonte (19.92°S, 43.94°W, 858 m a.s.l.) in the Southern Hemisphere tropics for a period of five years (2005-2010). Daily values of EDRmax ranged from 0.063 W m-2 (1σ > 6.9%, Moderate UV-Index of 3, winter) to 0.486 W m-2 (Extreme UVI of 19, summer). Indicative values of EDRmax for cloudless days were 0.336 W m-2 (summer, TOC = 258 Dobson Units), 0.311 W m-2 (fall, 260 DU), 0.253 W m-2 (spring, 274 DU) and 0.143 W m-2 (winter, 246 DU). Radiation enhancement events by clouds made EDRmax up to 45% higher than the reference EDRmax for cloudless summer skies at a time resolution of a few minutes. The main cloud genera to be associated with such events are Cumulus, Altocumulus, Altostratus and Stratocumulus. The EDR can also be significantly affected by aerosols, which attenuated on average 0.031 W m-2 (22%) of the erythemal UV in a case study at the site.
journal_name
Photochem Photobioljournal_title
Photochemistry and photobiologyauthors
Silva AA,Yamamoto ALC,Corrêa MPdoi
10.1111/php.13054subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-05-01 00:00:00pages
886-894issue
3eissn
0031-8655issn
1751-1097journal_volume
95pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Exposure of human skin to ultraviolet (UV) radiation causes significant damage to that tissue. The effects of UV on the skin mainly include acute inflammation (erythema/edema) and abnormal keratinization wherein prostaglandin E2 (produced by cyclooxygenase-2), interleukin-8 and transglutaminase 1 (a major regulatory f...
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