Abstract:
:Effects of chlordiazepoxide (CDP) and ethanolamine-O-sulphate (EOS) alone and in combination were tested on the acquisition and performance of continuous reinforcement - time out (CR-TO) and variable interval reinforcement - time out (VI-TO) operant discriminations in rats. CDP disrupted acquisition of CR-TO discrimination; effects were short lived, and neither CR-TO performance nor its reversal were impaired. Acquisition of VI-TO discrimination was increasingly impaired, and performance disrupted in pre-trained animals. EOS alone was inactive, and with CDP exerted only slight interactive effects. When a conflict component was added to the VI-TO schedule, however, EOS showed substantial additive effects with CDP on punished responding. The results suggest that CDP-induced increases in non-rewarded (TO) responding were related to task difficulty, pointing to a discrimination impairment rather than an anxiolytic effect. In addition, the specificity of EOS potentiation may reflect a pharmacological dissociation between CDP effects on discrimination and on punished responding, and suggest that GABA is selectively involved in resistance to punishment.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Hodges H,Baum S,Taylor P,Green Sdoi
10.1007/BF00310620subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-01-01 00:00:00pages
155-61issue
2eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
89pub_type
杂志文章abstract:RATIONAL:In recent years, evidence suggests that modafinil may be useful for certain symptom domains of schizophrenia, especially for the negative and cognitive symptoms. However, the results are not consistent. OBJECTIVE:This study was designed to investigate the effect of modafinil added to risperidone in patients w...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2513-z
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Modafinil is a well-tolerated psychostimulant drug with low addictive potential that is used to treat patients with narcolepsy or attention deficit disorders and to enhance vigilance in sleep-deprived military personal. So far, understanding of the cognitive enhancing effects of modafinil and the relevant neu...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-004-1926-3
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Consistent sex differences are observed in human drug addiction, with females often exceeding males on drug intake. However, there is still a need for animal models for some aspects of addiction such as acquisition of drug self-administration and the subsequent development of drug-seeking. OBJECTIVES:The pre...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-015-4183-8
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The suggestions that dopamine (DA) systems are involved in "motor control" and "reward" represent the classic working hypotheses on the behavioral functions of these systems. The research generated by these hypotheses has yielded results that are far more complicated than the simplest form of either hypothesis would i...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF02245133
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00431748
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0673-z
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-015-4074-z
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00216016
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00433492
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-003-1572-1
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02439580
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00174688
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130050577
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Synthesis of ligands inactive or with low activity at α₁ GABA(A) receptors has become the key concept for development of novel, more tolerable benzodiazepine (BZ)-like drugs. WYS8, a remarkably (105 times) α₁-subtype selective partial positive modulator, may serve as a pharmacological tool for refining the ro...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-013-3143-4
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-019-05225-z
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-002-1169-0
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The present study investigates the effects of injections of a specific N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) antagonist 3-[(R)-2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl]-propyl-1-phophonic acid (CPP) into the prefrontal cortex (PFC) on the extracellular concentrations of dopamine and acetylcholine in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-008-1288-3
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-014-3743-7
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00432549
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02244864
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been shown that pretreatment with dopamine (DA) receptor blockers disrupts the effect of intravenously (IV) and intracerebrally (ICV), but not intraperitoneally (IP) administered cocaine on place preference conditioning (PPC). The present study was undertaken to further evaluate possible differences between IV ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00735892
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Repeated administrations of ethanol induce a progressive and enduring increase in its locomotor stimulant effects, a phenomenon termed behavioral sensitization that has not been systematically characterized. OBJECTIVE:The aim of the present studies was to characterize the development and expression of ethano...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-008-1266-9
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The behavioural effects of selective mu-, kappa- and delta-opioid agonists in 5-, 10- and 20-day-old rats were investigated by observational analysis. The predominant response to mu-agonists was behavioural depression. High doses (10 mg/kg IP) of morphine and DAGO (D-Ala2, NMe-Phe4, Glyol5-enkephalin) produced overt s...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00439459
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of methaqualone on isonicotinic acid hydrazide, 6-mercapto propionic acid, picrotoxin, and strychnine-induced convulsion were studied in mice and the results compared with diazepam. Methaqualone, like diazepam, was found to be a selective antagonist of isoniazid-induced convulsion and a much less effective...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00426965
更新日期:1978-04-14 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Dependence on both alcohol and cocaine is a widespread example of polydrug abuse/dependence. It has been hypothesized that ethanol reward is mediated via increased dopaminergic neurotransmission in mesolimbic striatum, as is the case for cocaine. However, little is known about the neurobiology of ethanol in p...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-002-1233-9
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concentration of kynurenine in plasma from depressed patients and control subjects has been measured using a sensitive and specific method. The levels of kynurenine in the plasma of depressed patients and controls are not significantly different and are not influenced by age or sex. The severity of affective distu...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00426632
更新日期:1978-12-08 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The antidepressant action of acute nicotine administration in clinical and animal studies is well recognized. But the underlying mechanism for this effect has not been carefully discovered. OBJECTIVES:We attempted to evaluate the possible role of N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the antidepressant-li...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-015-4004-0
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Typical neuroleptic medications are still administered to as many as 40% of patients receiving antipsychotic treatment in the US. Intermittent administration or interruption of long-term neuroleptic medication for schizophrenia may increase the incidence of human tardive dyskinesias, and similarly may produce...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130000572
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-020-05726-2
更新日期:2020-11-24 00:00:00