Abstract：
:The vast majority of what is known about the neural underpinnings of human cognition comes from studies limited to racially, ethnically, and socioeconomically homogeneous samples. Furthermore, although most studies include both males and females in their samples, sex differences in patterns of brain activity and performance are rarely evaluated. We discuss recent research suggesting that one's socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity, and sex contribute to individual differences in neural structure, function, and related cognitive performance across a variety of cognitive domains. These studies make it clear that findings from decades of cognitive neuroscience research are likely not generalizable to a population that is much more diverse than the samples tested. We argue that these demographics cannot be ignored if we want to understand the neural substrates of human cognition for the diverse, general population. Cognitive neuroscience has been, and continues to be, used to inform education policy and clinical practice. We argue that greater diversity in cognitive neuroscience research is needed to improve reproducibility and to serve the treatment needs of a diverse population. We discuss the challenges to achieving this goal, including consideration of confounding and correlated variables, recruitment, necessary costs, and best practices for dealing with them.
journal_name
Ann N Y Acad Scijournal_title
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesauthors
Dotson VM,Duarte Adoi
10.1111/nyas.14268subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-03-01 00:00:00pages
181-191issue
1eissn
0077-8923issn
1749-6632journal_volume
1464pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The NFkappaB factor Bcl-3 influences the survival of T cells when they are activated to take part in immune responses. Because treatment of mice with adjuvant results in the increased expression of Bcl-3 in T cells, where it has survival-promoting effects, Bcl-3 may be an important, limiting factor that is supplied to...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb05947.x
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Friendship pervades the human social landscape. These bonds are so important that disrupting them leads to health problems, and difficulties forming or maintaining friendships attend neuropsychiatric disorders like autism and depression. Other animals also have friends, suggesting that friendship is not solely a human...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/nyas.12315
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Ras proteins, which regulate intracellular signaling by a cyclic process involving interconversion between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states, play an essential role in controlling the activity of several crucial signaling pathways regulating normal cellular proliferation. Mutational activation of RAS ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1329.007
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The xynA gene encoding a major xylanase of Clostridium stercorarium F-9 was sequenced. The structural gene consists of an open reading frame of 1533 bp encoding a protein of 511 amino acids with an M(r) of 56,519. XynA consists of a catalytic domain belonging to family G at the NH2-terminus and two direct repeats of a...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb40565.x
更新日期：1996-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The International Agency for Research on Cancer has initiated a program to evaluate the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to man. This program is centered on the production of monographs on individual chemicals, consisting of data on use and production, carcinogenicity in experimental animals, epidemiological studies and...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1976.tb23139.x
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and peptide histidine-isoleucine (PHI) are members of a superfamily of structurally related peptides widely distributed in the body and displaying pleiotropic biological activities. All these peptides are known to act via ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1317.018
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two kinds of active protein fraction, TP1 and TP2, were isolated from bovine thymus extracts. Both these fractions showed a single band in polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis. Though these two fractions showed a difference in potency, they both lowered serum calcium in rabbits and increased lymphocytes in mice. Mo...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1975.tb29070.x
更新日期：1975-02-28 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanism by which neurons and neurosecretory cells govern the expression and the exocytic discharge of their clear and dense-core vesicles had remained unclear until recently when studies in the neurosecretory cell model PC12 revealed these processes to be orchestrated by the transcriptional repressor neuron rest...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03988.x
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the light of results of clinical trials with immunoisolated human parathyroid tissue Ba2+-alginate capsules were developed that meet the requirements for long-term immunoisolated transplantation of (allogeneic and xenogeneic) cells and tissue fragments. Biocompatibility of the capsules was achieved by subjecting hi...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03833.x
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The M1 antigens, associated with gastric fucomucin, the early oncofetal precancerous marker for the distal colon, were studied using the immunoperoxidase method in the distal colon. We compared human tumoral mucosa with that of rats during DMH-induced carcinogenesis. In both cases we examined histologically normal muc...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1983.tb32862.x
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nature and regulation of juvenile hormone (JH) biosynthesis have been investigated in isolated corpora allata (CA) of adult males and females, and larvae of the tomato moth Lacanobia oleracea (Noctuidae). Larval CA (Vth day 1 to VIth day 1) appear to synthesize JH at very low rates (< 0.5 fmol/pr/h). This synthesi...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb07903.x
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Shigella, a Gram-negative bacterial species of the family Enterobacteriaceae, causes bacillary dysentery in humans, an acute rectocolitis that reflects the capacity of the microorganism to disrupt, invade, and cause the inflammatory destruction of the intestinal epithelium. Here, the pathogenesis of Shigella infection...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1326.025
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To develop new treatments for beta-thalassemia, it is essential to identify the genes involved in the relevant pathophysiological processes. Iron metabolism in thalassemia mice being investigated, focusing on the expression of a gene called hepcidin (Hamp), which is expressed in the liver and whose product (Hamp) is s...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1345.069
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lesion, stimulation, and pharmacological studies point to separate hypothalamic control of pulsatile FSH and LH secretion. LH release is controlled by a region extending from the preoptic area to the anterior and mid-median eminence, whereas FSH release is controlled by a region extending from the dorsal anterior hypo...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb43853.x
更新日期：1993-05-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Type II topoisomerases are essential enzymes that modulate DNA under- and overwinding, knotting, and tangling. Beyond their critical physiological functions, these enzymes are the targets for some of the most widely prescribed anticancer drugs (topoisomerase II poisons) in clinical use. Topoisomerase II poisons kill c...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/nyas.12358
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After successful marrow transplantation (BMT) iron overload remains an important cause of morbidity in Thalassemia. After BMT, patients have normal erythropoiesis capable of producing a hyperplastic response to phlebotomy so that this procedure can be contemplated as a method of mobilizing iron from overloaded tissues...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10485.x
更新日期：1998-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The molecular biological approach has provided important information toward understanding the complexities of the F0F1 ATPase. This article focuses on our recent results on the ATPase catalytic site contained in the beta subunit and the role of the gamma subunit in regulation of proton transport. We used a combination...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb43807.x
更新日期：1992-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypophysectomy leads to a small increase in tyrosine hydroxylase activity of all brain areas containing noradrenergic neurons or tuberoinfundibular dopamine neurons, but nigroneostriatal dopamine neurons are not so affected. ACTH or corticosterone treatment inhibited this effect of hypophysectomy in some noradrenergic...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1977.tb41861.x
更新日期：1977-10-28 00:00:00
abstract：:This article focuses on the importance of social engagement and the behavioral and neurophysiological mechanisms that allow individuals to reduce psychological and physical distance. A model of social engagement derived from the Polyvagal Theory is presented. The model emphasizes phylogeny as an organizing principle a...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1301.004
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanism of action of tocopherol transfer protein (TTP) and its role in the intracellular processing of vitamin E were investigated using confocal fluorescence microscopy. The results from this work suggest that TTP functions by transporting vitamin E from endocytic organelles to other locations in the cell. ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1331.034
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:B lymphocytes contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders since B-cell depletion treatment improves such diseases. However, B cells seem ambivalent. Murine strains of nonorgan-specific as well as organ-specific autoimmune conditions present with aggravated symptoms when B cells are depleted. It is thus like...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04651.x
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this review, we present (1) the scientific basis for the use of high-dose immunosuppression followed by autologous peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes (T1D); (2) an update of the clinical and laboratory outcome of 20 patients transplanted at the University Ho...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1447.048
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Astrakhan fever is a summer spotted fever resembling Mediterranean spotted fever, endemic in Astrakhan, a region of Russia located by the Caspian sea. Its agent is a spotted fever group rickettsia, member of the Rickettsia conorii complex, transmitted to humans by Rhipicephalus sanguineus and Rhipicephalus pumilio tic...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07357.x
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:"Vascular anomalies" represents a spectrum of vascular lesions, of unclear etiology and often with unpredictable behavior. Patients with vascular anomalies represent a unique population, in that they have focal aberrations of vascular development (in vascular malformations) or vascular proliferation (in hemangiomas). ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1413.016
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was aimed at finding neural correlates of aesthetic versus descriptive listening of the same musical cadences. Results showed that aesthetic listening generated greater right frontocentral negativities than did descriptive listening, indicating distinct cortical mechanisms for aesthetic versus descri...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1284.018
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A majority of incidentally found adrenal tumors derive from the adrenal cortex. The aim of our study was evaluation of the incidence of chromaffin tumors in a group of 1,111 patients with adrenal incidentalomas. In this group there were 803 women and 308 men, aged 10-87 years. Clinical examination, imaging studies (ul...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1353.004
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Jopock (Jpk), a transacting factor associated with the position-specific regulatory element of murine Hoxa-7, has shown to induce cell death in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells when introduced and overexpressed. Since Jpk protein harbors a transmembrane domain (TM) and a putative endoplasmic reticulum (ER) -reten...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1397.011
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alexithymia has been associated with both posttraumatic stress disorder and neuroendocrine responses to stress. This study examined the relationship of alexithymia to salivary cortisol and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylglycol (MHPG) in a sample of police academy recruits exposed to a video stress challenge. Alexithymia sc...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1364.034
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The involvement of the c-Myc transcription factor in neoplastic transformation is well documented. However, which of its numerous target genes are crucial for tumorigenesis remains a frequently contested issue. We have recently established a non-transgenic murine model for B-cell lymphoma based on neoplastic conversio...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1339.047
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The human endometrium is an extremely sensitive target for steroid hormones. During the menstrual cycle, this tissue undergoes dynamic changes that are reflected on the surface morphology of the epithelium and that can be followed by scanning electron microscopy. The morphologic changes peak at the midsecretory phase,...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06244.x
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
