Abstract：
:The structural, electronic, and catalytic properties of cytochrome P450cam are subtly altered when the cysteine that coordinates to the heme iron is replaced with a selenocysteine. To map the effects of the sulfur-to-selenium substitution on the individual steps of the catalytic cycle, we conducted a comparative kinetic analysis of the selenoenzyme and its cysteine counterpart. Our results show that the more electron-donating selenolate ligand has only negligible effects on substrate, product, and oxygen binding, electron transfer, catalytic turnover, and coupling efficiency. Off-pathway reduction of oxygen to give superoxide is the only step significantly affected by the mutation. Incorporation of selenium accelerates this uncoupling reaction approximately 50-fold compared to sulfur, but because the second electron transfer step is much faster, the impact on overall catalytic turnover is minimal. Density functional theory calculations with pure and hybrid functionals suggest that superoxide formation is governed by a delicate interplay of spin distribution, spin state, and structural effects. In light of the remarkably similar electronic structures and energies calculated for the sulfur- and selenium-containing enzymes, the ability of the heavier atom to enhance the rate of spin crossover may account for the experimental observations. Because the selenoenzyme closely mimics wild-type P450cam, even at the level of individual steps in the reaction cycle, selenium represents a unique mechanistic probe for analyzing the role of the proximal ligand and spin crossovers in P450 chemistry.
journal_name
Biochemistryjournal_title
Biochemistryauthors
Vandemeulebroucke A,Aldag C,Stiebritz MT,Reiher M,Hilvert Ddoi
10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00939subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-11-10 00:00:00pages
6692-703issue
44eissn
0006-2960issn
1520-4995journal_volume
54pub_type
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