Demystifying hypoglycemia. When is it real and how can you tell?

abstract：:Albuminuria has a strong, continuous, direct, linear relationship with adverse cardiovascular (CV) outcomes and chronic kidney disease progression. Even at levels below the accepted upper limit of what is considered "normal" daily albumin excretion (< 30 mg/24 h), a relationship between albumin excretion level and adv...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Bakris GL,Kuritzky L

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Syncope is a common complaint that is frequently evaluated without identifying a precipitating cause. Gelastic (laughter-induced) syncope is an uncommon and poorly understood condition. We describe 3 patients who experienced loss of consciousness during vigorous laughter. Each patient had an extensive medical evaluati...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Thiagarajah PH,Finkielstein D,Granato JE

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hoarseness indicates an abnormality at the level of the glottis. This symptom may result from either structural or physiologic disorders. The differential diagnosis is lengthy and includes both benign and malignant diseases. History taking and physical examination, particularly laryngeal visualization, provide key clu...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Dettelbach M,Eibling DE,Johnson JT

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Normalization of serum lipid levels should be initiated as soon as possible in patients with myocardial, cerebrovascular, or peripheral vascular disease. Clinical trials indicate that coronary artery disease and overall mortality rates can be reduced and atherosclerosis stabilized or reversed by lipid-lowering therapy...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Blankenhorn DH,Hodis HN

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The goals of therapy for congestive heart failure (CHF) are to improve quality of life and to prolong it. Improvement in patients with CHF can only be realized, however, if a multidisciplinary healthcare team can provide effective management in both the inpatient and outpatient settings. Inhibition of compensatory mec...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Sorrentino MJ

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Binge eating disorder (BED) is now a formal diagnosis in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5). However, post-DSM-5 patient profiles and viewpoints on BED diagnosis and treatment remain unclear. This study used a focus group methodology to examine demographic and cl...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Herman BK,Safikhani S,Hengerer D,Atkins N Jr,Kim A,Cassidy D,Babcock T,Agus S,Lenderking WR

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Triglyceride (TG) levels can increase for numerous reasons, including a sedentary lifestyle, an unhealthy diet, especially one rich in refined carbohydrates, and comorbidities. According to the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP), the normal TG level is < 150 mg/dL. Patients with very high TG (VHTG) levels (...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Sadovsky R,Kris-Etherton P

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Symptomatic treatment of transient insomnias is advisable, for without treatment these sleep disorders may become persistent. The drugs of choice are the benzodiazepine hypnotics, which have minimal side effects when used for short periods in properly selected patients. The three such drugs currently available in the ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Malcolm R,Gross JA

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preview Although headaches in elderly patients are usually benign, they are common and some can be life-threatening. Precise diagnosis is imperative for optimum pain management and early detection of underlying organic disorders. Dr Ruoff discusses the primary types of benign headache, current diagnostic criteria, and...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Ruoff GE

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The best way to detect Cushing's syndrome is to measure urinary free cortisol and to conduct a 1-mg dexamethasone suppression test. The best way to distinguish among the varieties of Cushing's syndrome is to measure plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Urinary 17-ketosteroid and plasma testosterone determination...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Burke MD

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In addition to prolonged glucocorticoid therapy (not discussed here), at least five other conditions cause Cushing's syndrome. They are excessive corticotropin secretion by the pituitary gland (which results in Cushing's disease), ectopic production of corticotropin by malignant nonpituitary tumors, benign adrenal ade...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Felicetta JV

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are three key goals in current management of the diabetic pregnancy. Normal diabetes control before conception and during the first trimester in an attempt to reduce the incidence of congenital abnormalities. This implies that all diabetic women of childbearing age should have counseling before pregnancy. Routin...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Hollander P,Maeder EC Jr

更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primary care physicians play an important role in the outpatient evaluation of proteinuria, a common finding in everyday medical practice. Therefore, it is important to recognize which symptoms and signs signal the need for further evaluation. A simple urine dipstick test usually is the first step, but factors leading...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Ali H

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The practitioner plays an important role in providing guidance for exercise. Physical activity is one component of a life-style aimed at enhancing the health of the individual. When entered into with appropriate understanding and with reasonable expectations and goals, exercise can also be a major source of enjoyment....

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Smith LK

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The prevalence of obesity and diabetes is epidemic. Severe insulin resistance (defined as the need for > or = 200 units of insulin per day to achieve glycemic control) is commonly seen with obesity and can complicate diabetes management. The management of patients with diabetes who have severe insulin resistance is di...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Brown A,Desai M,Taneja D,Tannock LR

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of colesevelam in Hispanic subjects with primary hyperlipidemia and prediabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A 16-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multinational study evaluating colesevelam in participants with primary hyperlipidemia (low-density lipoprotein c...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Rosenstock J,Hernandez-Triana E,Handelsman Y,Misir S,Jones MR

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Decubitus ulcers can develop in any chronically ill patient who is immobilized. Elderly patients and patients with spinal cord injury are at particularly high risk. Prevention is best achieved by identification of susceptible patients, alleviation of causative and predisposing factors, and early detection of ischemic ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Shenaq SM,Dinh TA

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thrombosis results from the dynamic interaction of venous stasis, hypercoagulability, and endothelial injury. Protection against thrombosis may be lost if there is deficiency of any of the factors that mediate platelet deaggregation, block fibrin deposition, or initiate fibrinolysis. A thrombus lodged in the pulmonary...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Giudice JC,Komansky HJ,Gordon R

更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer is rapidly increasing. With early diagnosis and treatment, almost all basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas can be cured. Premalignant actinic keratoses are treated with cryosurgery; the CO2 laser is the treatment of choice for actinic cheilitis. Generally, nonmelanoma skin c...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Kibarian MA,Hruza GJ

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biochemical monitoring is generally advised for drugs that are potentially toxic, have a narrow therapeutic range, or are prescribed for life-threatening disease. Monitoring should not be attempted until the serum concentration reaches a plateau, or steady state, and sampling must be timed carefully. Besides incorrect...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Burke MD

更新日期：1981-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several risks can be posed by travel, even when the stay is not protracted nor the destination exotic. Air travelers should consider the potential problems associated with decreased cabin pressure, hypoxia, and circadian dysrhythmia, problems that can contraindicate flying for some. Motion sickness can affect those tr...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Lange WR,Kreider SD

更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vasodilator therapy represents an important step forward in the treatment of chronic left ventricular failure. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors appear to be the most versatile vasodilators, but selected direct-acting vasodilators, sympathetic inhibitors (prazosin), and possibly calcium channel antagonist...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Alpert MA

更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 65-year-old woman was hospitalized several times after having an acute anteroseptal transmural infarction. Her course was complicated by recurrent ventricular tachycardia and severe left ventricular failure. Chest x-ray films showed pulmonary congestion and mild right pleural effusion. Two-dimensional echocardiograp...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Cheng TC

更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reiter's syndrome is an often overlooked and misdiagnosed complex of symptoms. Patients may not present with the classic triad of symptoms, or they may forget to mention other pertinent manifestations. How can you make an accurate diagnosis? And what is an effective approach to management? Dr Kirchner reviews studies ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Kirchner JT

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In cases of unusual presentations, such as the three cases described here, gout or gouty arthritis may be misdiagnosed as rheumatoid arthritis, septic arthritis, or other rheumatic conditions and thus inappropriately treated. Microscopic analysis using compensated polarized light and culture of synovial fluid helps di...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Uy JP,Nuwayhid N,Saadeh C

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In most cases, patients presenting with "the worst headache ever" are found to have a benign condition, notably migraine, toxic vascular headache, or exertion-induced headache. However, ominous causes first must be excluded by appropriate investigation, such as computed tomographic or magnetic resonance imaging scans ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Edmeads J

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Introduction: Adolescents and young adults are the primary reservoirs and transmitters of meningococci. In the US, meningococcal serogroup B (MenB) disease predominates over A, C, W, and Y; ACIP-recommended MenACWY and MenB vaccines are available. We investigated invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) burden and vaccina...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Alderfer JT,Moran MM,Srivastava A,Isturiz RE

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Chronic kidney disease is a global public health concern. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) prediction based on serum creatinine is used to assess renal function in the elderly. The Cockcroft-Gault (CG) formula, based on body surface area (CG/BSA formula), and the Modified Diet and Renal Disease formula (MDRD ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Alagiakrishnan K,Senthilselvan A

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Successful joint and soft-tissue aspiration and injection rely on the physician's understanding of the indications, contraindications, and general techniques involved in these procedures. The procedures are generally well tolerated and can be used to treat many painful musculoskeletal and soft-tissue conditions. ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Rifat SF,Moeller JL

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Asthma continues to cause unacceptably high rates of disability and death, largely because the severity of disease is underestimated and patients are inadequately educated about their disease. When patients understand what happens during an asthma attack and its aftermath, they are more likely to notice important symp...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Rumbak MJ

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00