Abstract:
:Paraviral eruptions, such as the papular-purpuric gloves and socks syndrome or eruptive pseudoangiomatosis, share the following features that distinguish them from a classic viral eruption: they are highly recognizable; the eruption usually lasts a few weeks; many different viruses and sometimes other agents can trigger them; on microscopic examination, there is no specific cytopathogenic viral effect. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can induce both a classic viral eruption and a paraviral eruption, the meaning of which in terms of pathophysiology and prognosis is very different. Some patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have a papulovesicular eruption involving mainly the trunk. Those patients have active viremia, and some have developed pneumonia and died. Biopsy of the eruption revealed cytopathogenic viral effect, and thus there is a direct interaction of the virus with the skin; it is, therefore, a classic viral exanthema. Others, mainly young patients, developed chilblains of the fingers and toes 3 or 4 weeks after minor signs of COVID-19 or after contact with a diseased person. They did not develop severe COVID-19. Biopsy revealed classic findings of chilblains without cytopathogenic viral effect. Most of those patients did not develop specific antibodies. Those chilblains can be considered as paraviral. Classic viral manifestations are the consequence of a direct interaction of the skin with the virus, whereas paraviral manifestations result from the activation of the immune system. In the case of paraviral chilblains, I hypothesize that it is the innate immune system that rejects SARS-CoV-2. Chilblains are also observed in rare monogenic disorders called type 1 interferonopathies, where antiviral innate imunity is abormally activated. This would explain why these individuals do not develop specific antibodies, because they are probably naturally resistant to SARS-CoV-2 infection via their innate immuen system.
journal_name
Clin Dermatoljournal_title
Clinics in dermatologyauthors
Lipsker Ddoi
10.1016/j.clindermatol.2020.06.005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-01-01 00:00:00pages
757-761issue
6eissn
0738-081Xissn
1879-1131pii
S0738-081X(20)30136-Xjournal_volume
38pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::In the late 1950s and early1960s, there was a concerted effort to modernize teaching, training, and patient care in the Vargas Hospital of Caracas, Venezuela. The above included the development of research in the frame of postgraduate training. This effort was to be helped by USA funds and institutions but could only ...
journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
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abstract::Major gaps still exist in the knowledge about leprosy, particularly with regard to how it spreads. Leprosy epidemiology remains complicated due to the specific characteristics of Mycobacterium leprae. To describe epidemiologic trends for the 21st century, the first part of this paper gives an overview of the epidemiol...
journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Despite the development of laboratory methods, dermatological symptoms are a basic index of the presence and physical course of HIV infection. HIV infection usually undergoes a long latent period, proceeds to a period of immunodeficiency-related symptoms, and ends in an advanced immunodeficiency state characterized by...
journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
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abstract::Sjogren's Syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by dry eyes (keratoconjunctivis sicca) and dry mouth (xerostomia). To fulfill diagnostic criteria, patients must have objective signs of dryness on examination and laboratory confirmation of an autoimmune process as evidenced by a positive autoanti...
journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2010.03.007
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2006.10.001
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
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abstract::Evidence-based medicine is a redundant term to the extent that doctors have always claimed they practiced medicine on the basis of evidence. They have, however, disagreed about what exactly constitutes legitimate evidence and how to synthesize the totality of evidence in a way that supports clinical action. Despite cl...
journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
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journal_title:Clinics in dermatology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
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