Abstract：
:Electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus in 2 species of hibernator, dormice (Glis glis) and ground squirrels (Spermophilus lateralis), suggests that induced behaviors may reflect activation of specific neural systems, rather than merely activation of a single central mechanism interacting with internal and external cues and past experience (prepotency hypothesis). In dormice, the stimulation induced feeding on powdered food; in squirrels it induced either feeding or picking up of food pellets. Consistent with neural specificity in both species were high probabilities of emergence (78-81%) of a behavior during stimulation at an electrode site, with no greater ease of emergence at a second site tested. In squirrels, only 1 of the 2 behaviors emerged at a site, and there was independence between behaviors emerging at contralateral sites. Long-term reliability of the behavior initially observed at an electrode site was 100% despite infradian (dormice) or circannual (squirrels) cycles of body weight and food intake. Some squirrels consistently showed different induced behaviors at contralateral electrode sites throughout their circannual cycle. These observations suggest that feral species are valuable in investigations of mechanisms underlying electrically induced behaviors, and that reevaluation of the prepotency hypothesis may be in order.
journal_name
Physiol Behavjournal_title
Physiology & behaviorauthors
Hallonquist JD,Mrosovsky Ndoi
10.1016/0031-9384(86)90111-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-01-01 00:00:00pages
387-97issue
3eissn
0031-9384issn
1873-507Xpii
0031-9384(86)90111-3journal_volume
38pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Adult male Betta splendens were gonadectomized and tested twice for aggressive behavior two weeks later. In a mutual viewing test environment, it was found that gonadectomized animals maintained their aggressive behavior on all six indices of aggression at a level equal to controls. Animals that showed some testis reg...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(79)90139-2
更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sufficient oral microelements such as zinc and fully chewing of foods are required to maintain cognitive function despite aging. No knowledge exists about the combination of factors such as zinc deficiency and reduced mastication on learning and memory. Here we show that tooth extraction only in 8-week-old mice did no...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.10.005
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuroanatomical and electrophysiological techniques have provided insights into the organization of the spinal cord circuitry and the neurotransmitter mechanisms involved in primitive voiding reflexes in neonatal animals. Patch clamp studies of unitary synaptic transmission in spinal cord slice preparations indicate t...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(02)00919-8
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A technique for recording single unit activity in the active rat with microelectrodes is described. The microdrive used is small and light enough to be carried in a well that is chronically implanted on the head of the rat. The device permits standard microelectrodes to be lowered without rotation, a feature which red...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(77)90296-7
更新日期：1977-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anterodorsal thalami nuclei (ADTN) exert an inhibitory influence on the hypophysoadrenal system (HAS) under basal and acute stress conditions; however, after chronic stress, the effect is different. The response to chronic immobilization stress (IMO) (forced immobilization for 15 min/day for 12 days) and variable chro...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(98)00028-6
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The medial preoptic area of the anterior hypothalamus (MPOA/AH) and the dorsolateral tegmentum (DLT) play an important role in the control of sexual behavior. Unilateral lesions of the MPOA/AH (medial preoptic area of the anterior hypothalamus) combined with unilateral lesions of the contralateral DLT result in defici...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(98)00146-2
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Behavior of rats in the water-lick conflict test was examined during stimulation, and after lesions of the lateral septal nucleus. Continuous low-current stimulation resulted in an anxiolytic effect, an increase in the number of licks, and hence in the number of shocks, during a signaled, punished period. This effect ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(93)90362-j
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two experiments investigated short-term food deprivation effects on neuroendocrine processes influenced by estrogen. These studies were prompted by prior work indicating that food deprivation increased the number of immunocytochemically identified cells containing estradiol receptors in the medial preoptic area of ova...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(96)00133-3
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For a better understanding of the encoding of odor quality in the olfactory system, it is critical to determine how electrophysiological responses to odorants are reflected in the behavioral responses to these odorants. In this article, we use a simple behavioral paradigm to show that the behavioral responses to simil...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(98)00324-2
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The renin angiotensin system (RAS; most well-known for its critical roles in the regulation of cardiovascular function and hydromineral balance) has regained the spotlight for its potential roles in various aspects of the metabolic syndrome. It may serve as a causal link among obesity and several co-morbidities. Drugs...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2010.03.018
更新日期：2010-07-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies reported recently have shown that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) a cytokine released by macrophages and monocytes plays a key role in inflammatory processes and immune and neuro-endocrine regulation. TNF-alpha is also produced in the central nervous system (CNS). However, the role of this cytokine in ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(97)00514-3
更新日期：1998-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous work in our laboratory has found that whereas medial septal lesions impaired an operant left-right delayed alternation task in rats, the lesion also facilitated the performance of rats on a cued go/no-go discrimination task with a delay between the cue and the required response. These findings suggested to us...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(95)02044-6
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In addition to the well-known activation of the pituitary-adrenal axis, acute exposure to severe stressors includes a temporary analgesia in rats. Thus, the present study investigates whether the pituitary was involved in the mediation of analgesia induced by severe cold-water swim (CWS) stress. Flinch-jump thresholds...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(79)90122-7
更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:'Low-carb' diets have been suggested to be effective in body weight (BW) management. However, these diets are relatively high in protein as well. OBJECTIVE:To unravel whether body-weight loss and weight-maintenance depends on the high-protein or the 'low-carb' component of the diet. DESIGN:Body-weight (BW)...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.08.004
更新日期：2012-10-10 00:00:00
abstract：:We determined the serum levels of calcitonin (CT), calcium (Ca), and thyroxine (Ti) in lean (?/+) and fatty (fa/fa) male Zucker rats 10 weeks and 10-12 months of age. The most dramatic finding was a high level of serum CT (3.24 +/- 1.18 ng/ml) in young fatties whereas sera from young leans were all below the limit of ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(83)90099-9
更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We tested whether cyclic estradiol treatment, like continuous estradiol treatment, is sufficient to normalize meal size and body weight in ovariectomized rats. In Experiment 1, adult Long-Evans rats were ovariectomized and subcutaneously injected with 0, 0.2, or 2.0 microg estradiol benzoate (EB) in sesame oil each Tu...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(99)00060-8
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Animal behavior can be modulated by multiple interacting factors. In rodents such as rats, these factors include, among others, the female estrous cycle, exposure to a novel environment, and light. Here, we used the open field test to disassociate differences in behavior resulting from each of these factors by testing...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113203
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Triacylglycerols of varying chain lengths were tested for their effects on food intake in fasted Single-Comb White Leghorn cockerels 9-12 weeks of age. Tributyrin, tricaprylin, triolein, or saline were intubated intragastrically or infused intrahepatically. All triacylglycerol administrations were in 10 ml volumes wit...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(92)90300-q
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Female hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) exposed to a short photoperiod for 8 weeks were ovariectomized, as were hamsters that were maintained in a long photoperiod. We then tested the effect of photoperiod on the ability of progesterone (P) to reduce aggression, as well as on the effects of estrogen (E), alone and with...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(92)90307-n
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although elemental perception of odor mixtures allows us to perceive the component odor qualities, configural perception leads to the emergence of a new odor percept. The 6-odorant Red Cordial (RC) mixture is weak configurally perceived in newborn rabbits, meaning that pups respond to the odorants after conditioning t...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.02.019
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Physical restraint, like many other stressors, can block early pregnancy, but the underlying physiological mechanisms have not been established. Exogenous estrogens in minute doses will also block early pregnancy. In the present study, female rats were exposed to 5 h of restraint daily for the first 5 days after insem...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(92)90446-9
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cranially mounted differential preamplifiers allowed visual unit activity, EEGs and sustained potential shifts to be monitored from the tectum of freely moving toads (Bufo bufo). Alert behavior was elicited by a moving visual stimulus. Movement of the stimulus in the receptive field of a unit elicited its activity and...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(84)90264-6
更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Ghrelin is one of the most potent orexigens known to date. Recent data suggested that ghrelin is involved in reward-mediated processes such as the rewarding value of food. Whereas the neuronal pathways by which ghrelin regulates energy balance are well described, those involved in ghrelin-induced reward are still ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2010.12.006
更新日期：2011-03-28 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the relationship between perceived bitterness, food disgust sensitivity, and sex. Participants completed the 8-item Food Disgust Scale and a 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) taster test and were categorised as PROP non-tasters, medium-tasters, or supertasters. An analysis of variance of between-subject fact...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.02.036
更新日期：2019-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Binge eating is characterized by the consumption of a large amount of palatable food in a short period of time and is a core feature of many eating disorders. Patients with eating disorders are also known to display impairments in inhibitory control, cognition and decision-making, which may promote and maintain binge ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.03.005
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adverse early life experiences can affect adaptability to chronic stressors and lead to depressive-like behaviors in animal models. We employed an early experience model in which rat pups during postnatal days 10-13 are exposed to a T-maze in which they learn the location of their mother motivated by the rewarding sti...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.11.004
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was designed to investigate the effect of hyperprolactinemia, with high or low estrogen levels, on the response to imipramine in the forced swimming test. Three groups of female rats were studied: (1) ovariectomized controls, with low serum prolactin (PRL) and estrogen levels, (2) ovariectomized, estrogen-t...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(99)00199-7
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Single unitary discharges in the nodose ganglia were recorded extracellularly in chloralose anesthetized cats while amino acid solutions were being perfused through the small intestine via implanted cannulae. Test infusions consisted of either amino acid mixtures (12 amino acids; 120 mM in all) or individual amino aci...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(82)90094-4
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study investigated the effects of ethanol on retrieval from long-term memory by using a set of cognitive decision tasks. Male and female subjects were administered either 0.0 or 1.0 milliliter of ethanol per kilogram of body weight, and then asked to make physical, lexical, and semantic decisions about pai...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(89)90103-0
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Applying high temperature cooling concepts, i.e. high temperature cooling (T(supply) is 16-20°C) HVAC systems, in the built environment allows the reduction in the use of (high quality) energy. However, application of high temperature cooling systems can result in whole body and local discomfort of the occupants. Non-...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.07.008
更新日期：2012-09-10 00:00:00
