Abstract:
:PET/CT with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) or using different radiocompounds has proven accuracy for detection of adrenal metastases in patients undergoing cancer staging. It can assist the diagnostic work-up in oncology patients by identifying distant metastases to the adrenal(s) and defining oligometastatic disease that may benefit from targeted intervention. In patients with incidentally discovered adrenal nodules, so-called adrenal "incidentaloma" FDG PET/CT is emerging as a useful test to distinguish benign from malignant etiology. Current published evidence suggests a role for FDG PET/CT in assessing the malignant potential of an adrenal lesion that has been 'indeterminately' categorized with unenhanced CT, adrenal protocol contrast-enhanced CT, or chemical-shift MRI. FDG PET/CT could be used to stratify patients with higher risk of malignancy for surgical intervention, while recommending surveillance for adrenal masses with low malignant potential. There are caveats for interpretation of the metabolic activity of an adrenal nodule on PET/CT that may lead to false-positive and false-negative interpretation. Adrenal lesions represent a wide spectrum of etiologies, and the typical appearances on PET/CT are still being described, therefore our goal was to summarize the current diagnostic strategies for evaluation of adrenal lesions and present metabolic and anatomic appearances of common and uncommon adrenal lesions. In spite of the emerging role of PET/CT to differentiate benign from malignant adrenal mass, especially in difficult cases, it should be emphasized that PET/CT is not needed for most patients and that many diagnostic problems can be resolved by CT and/or MR imaging.
journal_name
Endocrinejournal_title
Endocrineauthors
Kandathil A,Wong KK,Wale DJ,Zatelli MC,Maffione AM,Gross MD,Rubello Ddoi
10.1007/s12020-014-0440-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-05-01 00:00:00pages
6-26issue
1eissn
1355-008Xissn
1559-0100journal_volume
49pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
ENDOCRINE文献大全abstract::Graves' disease, an autoimmune disease with heterogeneous symptoms including Graves' orbitopathy, has a combined genetic/environmental background, where variations within CD28/CTLA-4/ICOS genes are considered as disease markers.Association of CD28c.17+3T>C(rs3116496), CTLA-4g.319C>T(rs5742909), CTLA-4c.49A>G(rs231775)...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12020-016-1096-1
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are increased in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). We aimed to evaluate left ventricle systolic and diastolic functions with tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and strain and strain rate echocardiography in patients with PHPT. Thirty-one patients with PHPT and 29 health...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12020-014-0245-7
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Thyroid hormone (TH) metabolism can have prognostic significance in brain tumors. We studied the association of common variations in three deiodinase gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with circulating TH concentrations and prognosis of brain tumor patients. METHODS:Patients admitted for glioma and...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12020-019-02016-6
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by tumors of the parathyroid glands, the anterior pituitary, and the endocrine pancreas. Our patient was a 58-year-old man who manifested typical features of MEN-1 including primary hyperparathyroidism, lung carcinoid, and lipom...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12020-009-9183-1
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article provides an overview of the increasing number of observations indicating that excitatory amino acids are involved in the control of prolactin secretion. The information available suggests that these amino acids exert a stimulatory action on hypophysial prolactin. Administration of a glutamate receptor ago...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1385/ENDO:28:3:303
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine whether the administration of small amounts of glucose through an oral spray device (GSD) facilitates weight loss in overweight/obese subjects involved in a lifestyle modification programme. We randomly assigned 56 overweight/obese subjects to either the treatment group (n = 32) or the control group (n = ...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s12020-013-9987-x
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the study was to determine whether impaired beta-cell function exists in Chinese individuals within the normal range of glucose tolerance (NGT), and these individuals are predisposed to diabetes later in life. The cross-sectional study included 843 NGT subjects and 562 isolated impaired glucose toleranc...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12020-014-0244-8
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well known that TSH plays a major role in the secretion of thyroid hormones, maintenance of thyroid specific gene expression, and gland growth. In this study, we aimed to evaluate association between tests of thyroid functions (fT3, fT4, TSH) and differentiated thyroid carcinoma. 441 patients operated for nodula...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12020-010-9316-6
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are no data about the optimal supplementation therapy in HIV-infected patients with vitamin D (25OHD) deficiency. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of an oral monthly dose of 16,000 IU calcidiol. We performed a longitudinal cohort study of 365 HIV-infected patients (24 % females) was with sequential...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12020-014-0489-2
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Changes in body composition are commonly present in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The main aim of this study were to evaluate changes in body composition and the prevalence of pre-sarcopenia and sarcopenia in patients with COPD, compared with two control groups and correlate these parameters wit...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12020-018-1533-4
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The comparative efficacy and safety profiles of selected daily 1000 IU, weekly 7000 IU and monthly 30,000 IU vitamin D 3-not previously investigated-will be evaluated. Here, a prospective, randomized clinical trial, comparing efficacy and safety of a daily single dose of 1000 IU (group A) to a once-weekly 7000 IU dose...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s12020-016-1137-9
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Conformal, fractionated radiation therapy (XRT) is variably used as a treatment alternative for active acromegaly patients, usually, after failed pituitary surgery. Our objective was to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of XRT using strict criteria of biochemical control. SETTING, DESIG...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12020-019-01955-4
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Renal or hepatic impairment, often encountered in patients with type 2 diabetes, influences the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of antihyperglycemic agents. An emerging concern is whether pharmacotherapy with incretin-based agents, the most recent drug classes to be introduced for type 2 diabetes, can be safely u...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12020-014-0179-0
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate whether losartan is able to induce beige adipocytes formation, focusing on the thermogenic gene expression and adipocyte remodeling in the subcutaneous white adipose tissue of diet-induced obese mice. METHODS:Male C57BL/6 mice received a control diet (10% energy as lipids) or a high-fat diet (50% e...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12020-016-1213-1
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glucocorticoid hormones potentiate the toxic effects of neuronal stressors. Alteration of gene expression by glucocorticoids could contribute to neuronal susceptibility by downregulating the synthesis of proteins necessary to adapt to challenge. Using heat shock of hippocampal slices as a model for cellular insult, pr...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1385/ENDO:8:2:135
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Wolfram syndrome (WFS) is a rare, monogenic neurodegenerative syndrome characterised by insulin requiring non-autoimmune diabetes mellitus (DM) and optic atrophy which are usually the earliest and commonest manifestations. However, there are other features which are under-recognized, adding to morbidity and ...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12020-020-02320-6
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Persistent hyperglycemia is associated with chronic oxidative stress which contributes to the development and progression of diabetes-associated complications. The sensitivity of pancreatic β-cells to oxidative stress has been attributed to their low content of antioxidants compared with other tissues. Bioactive compo...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12020-012-9866-x
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association between cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) exon-1 +49 A/G polymorphism and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) has been widely studied. The results, however, are mixed. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the relationship between the genetic risks of CTLA-4 +49 A/G polymorphism...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1007/s12020-013-9985-z
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate the role of central subfield thickness (CST), cube average thickness (CAT), and cube volume (CV) as imaging biomarkers for severity of diabetic retinopathy within the ETDRS-based grades of retinopathy using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). This study aims to evaluate the role of macul...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12020-019-02093-7
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is a condition associated with increased cardiovascular risk and insulin-resistance. Oxidative stress (OS) could be a mechanism underlying both these phenomena. In order to investigate plasma antioxidant defenses in such condition, we evaluated adults with GHD, compar...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12020-017-1468-1
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Melatonin, a pineal hormone, is known to be an important neurohormonal factor involved in the timing of reproductive events which occur seasonally in various mammalian species. In order to evaluate the influence of melatonin on neurons which are producing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), we studied the effect of...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02738829
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Insulin resistance is an important factor in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which is associated with higher risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular complications. Early atherosclerotic lesions may be diagnosed by ultrasonographic parameters: brachial artery flow-mediated dila...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12020-020-02596-8
更新日期:2021-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is linked to increased risk of insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus in patients' later life. The aim of this study was to investigate uptake of deoxy-D-glucose by peripheral blood lymphocytes of PCOS patients with normal fasting plasma glucose and normal glucose tolerance test. The...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12020-014-0174-5
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple lines of evidence have implicated the growth hormone (GH) axis in the regulation of erythropoiesis. To test the hypothesis that GH deficiency is associated with hematologic abnormalities, we analyzed pretreatment hemoglobin levels in 100 children with GH deficiency. Hemoglobin levels were decreased in childre...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1385/ENDO:18:2:135
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypoxia is a common neonatal stress that induces insulin resistance and a decrease in body weight gain. Dexamethasone is often used to treat neonatal cardiopulmonary disease, and also leads to insulin resistance and a decrease in body weight gain. The current study addressed the hypothesis that serum concentrations of...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1385/ENDO:29:2:341
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified to play important functions during osteoblast proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The miR-17~92 cluster is highly conserved in all vertebrates. Loss-of-function of the miR-17-92 cluster results in smaller embryos and immediate postnatal death of all animals. Germline ...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12020-013-9986-y
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A recent report described a new PCOS-like phenotype in lean older infertile women, and was characterized by high age-specific anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) but hypo- rather than the expected hyper-androgenism. The hypo-androgenism was, furthermore, characterized of, likely, adrenal origin and autoimmune etiol...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12020-017-1498-8
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies have demonstrated an imbalance between free radicals and the antioxidative system in individuals with thyroid dysfunction. However, oxidative stress has not been evaluated in patients with thyroidectomy and thyroparathyroidectomy, who are under replacement therapy. The objective of this study was to ev...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12020-014-0270-6
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients treated with thyroidectomy and radioiodine remnant ablation (RRA) often have detectable TSH-stimulated thyroglobulin (Tg) levels without localizable disease after primary treatment. To assess the value of repeat stimulated Tg assays in these patients' follow-up, we retrospective...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12020-015-0823-3
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Central circuits known to regulate food intake and energy expenditure also affect central cardiovascular regulation. For example, both the melanocortin and neuropeptide Y (NPY) peptide families, known to regulate food intake, also produce central hypertensive effects. Members of both families share a similar C-termina...
journal_title:Endocrine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12020-008-9141-3
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00