Abstract:
:This review first makes some general comments about prophylactic antibiotics: animal models for antimicrobial prophylaxis, bacterial flora of the female genital tract, timing and duration of prophylactic antibiotic administration, and drug of choice for prophylaxis. Subsequent sections cover the following: prophylaxis for bacterial endocarditis; prophylaxis for vaginal hysterectomy; prophylaxis for elective abortions; prophylaxis for infertility and reconstructive surgery; prophylaxis for cesarean section (risk factor for postoperative infection, antibiotic of choice, timing of administration, duration of administration, and alternatives ot systemic prophylactic antibiotics); prophylactic antibiotics and cervical cerclage; and prophylaxis for preterm rupture of membranes. The recommendations are preceded by a description of the various categories suggested by the Centers for Disease Control, which recognizes that some recommendations are more firmly based on objective data than others: category 1 -- strongly recommended for adoption; category 2, moderately recommended for adoption; and category 3, weakly recommended for adoption. The recommendations include the following: all patients with a prosthetic cardiac valve should receive antibiotic prophylaxis for endometrial biopsy, insertion of IUD, urethral catheterization, dilation and curettage, hysterectomy, normal vaginal delivery, cesarean section, and sigmoidoscopy (category 1); premenopausal patients undergoing vaginal hysterectomy , with or without vaginal repair, should receive prophylactic antibiotics (category 1); and postmenopausal patients, with or without estrogen replacement therapy, may receive prophylaxis (category 2); regarding abdominal hysterectomy, patients with valvular heart disease, low socioeconomic status, cervical conization preceding hysterectomy from 2-21 days, or underlying conditions making a prolonged or difficult operation likely may benefit from prophylaxis (category 2); for elective abortion, patients with valvular heart disease, or a history of acute salpingitis may benefit from prophylaxis (category 2); patients undergoing surgical management of infertility secondary to endometriosis, pelvic adhesions, or distorted tubal architecture may benefit from prophylaxis; and regarding cesarean section, indigent or medically compromised patients with rupture of membranes over 8 hours and labor only 12 hours should receive prophylaxis (category 1).
journal_name
Obstet Gynecol Survjournal_title
Obstetrical & gynecological surveyauthors
Cartwright PS,Pittaway DE,Jones HW 3rd,Entman SSdoi
10.1097/00006254-198409000-00001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-09-01 00:00:00pages
537-54issue
9eissn
0029-7828issn
1533-9866journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The physiology of oocyte development, maturation, and selection forms the basis for understanding ovarian follicle dynamics, reproductive function and ovulation induction. The number of ovarian follicles with which women are invested from birth and the rate of decline determine their reproductive lifespan. The process...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00006254-200007000-00024
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The assessment of osteoporosis risk factors can help guide early intervention. The objective of this study was to analyze numerous potential risk factors to see which were associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Women aged 49 or greater presenting for dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry bone scans were recruited fro...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/OGX.0b013e3181fc6d30
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A patient with a hydatidiform mole complicated by eclampsia is presented. The findings from 57 other cases discovered in a review of the literature since 1866 are summarized to define the clinical characteristics of women experiencing eclampsia as a manifestation of their hydatidiform mole. Eclampsia complicating a mo...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eclampsia, defined as the occurrence of seizures in pregnant women, usually in the setting of preeclampsia and in the absence of other neurologic disorders, occurs mainly before, during , or within 48 hours after delivery. When convulsions occur later postpartum, diagnosis is difficult and treatment disputed. We revie...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.ogx.0000219564.65999.0d
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The alleged association between induced abortion and breast cancer is one of the most controversial and important questions in women's health today. To help clinicians provide appropriate counseling, we reviewed both the primary data and review articles on this topic. We identified the studies and reviews by using Med...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00006254-199811000-00024
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Achalasia is a motor disorder of the esophageal smooth muscle in which the lower esophageal sphincter does not relax normally with swallowing, and the esophageal body undergoes nonperistaltic contractions. The underlying abnormality is the loss of intramural neurons. Achalasia affects men and women of all ages. Dyspha...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.ogx.0000201893.92103.94
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Intracytoplasmic sperm injection, a relatively new technique used at the time of in vitro fertilization to fertilize human oocytes, has provided couples with very severe male factor infertility the ability to conceive their own biologic children. Many men with severe oligospermia or azoospermia can now pass ...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006254-200001000-00024
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Porencephaly may result from either a developmental anomaly or an antepartum intraparenchymal insult. Pre- and postnatal ultrasonography can demonstrate characteristic images of porencephaly. There is minimal literature on diagnosis and outcome of antenatally diagnosed porencephaly. There are two types of porencephaly...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00006254-199509000-00023
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW:The purpose of this review is to understand new modalities available to treat and manage type 1 and type 2 diabetes during pregnancy. RECENT FINDINGS:The use of new insulin analogs and oral agents, as well as new technologies to deliver insulin and monitor glucose during pregnancy remains controv...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/OGX.0b013e31824bb538
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Urolithiasis complicates up to one in every 200 pregnancies; consequently, the practicing obstetrician should be aware of the symptoms of urolithiasis, the diagnostic procedures available for its diagnosis, and their associated risks. These include ultrasound, urography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Diagn...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.ogx.0000243773.05916.7a
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Severe or critical ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a serious complication of ovarian hyperstimulation for assisted reproduction techniques (ART). The syndrome is characterized by cystic enlargement of the ovaries and fluid shifts from the intravascular to the third space. The morbidity in OHSS is mainly de...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00006254-199807000-00024
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Insulinomas are rare tumors with an incidence of approximately four cases per million person-years. Nineteen cases of insulinoma during pregnancy have been reported. Hypoglycemic symptoms usually appear during the first trimester. A 28-year-old primigravida was admitted at 6 weeks of gestation after referral...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00006254-200204000-00022
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::All available English, French, and German literature published prior to January 1978 in which post-sterilization tubal pregnancy was reported was surveyed. From 1957 on, the Index Medicus or Current List of Medical Literature was surveyed for reported sterilization failures. Additional references cited in the litera...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00006254-197907010-00029
更新日期:1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Imbalances in bone metabolism result in bone mass loss and skeletal fragility in postmenopausal women and older men. Most osteoporosis treatments decrease bone metabolism and prevent the progression of bone loss and architectural damage to the skeleton. Analogs of parathyroid hormone stimulate the formation ...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.ogx.0000146584.12831.c9
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Whether practice differences exist between the sexes is a question of clinical and educational significance. The obstetrician-gynecologist (ob-gyn) workforce has been shifting to majority women. An examination of sex differences in ob-gyn practice contributes to the discussion about how the changing workforc...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/OGX.0b013e318286f0aa
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding molecular biology can improve the clinical acumen of the practicing obstetrician/gynecologist. An area of basic research now becoming clinically relevant involves the G proteins and G protein-coupled receptors. Clinicians already manipulate G protein-coupled receptors in their daily practice. Examples in...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00006254-199701000-00025
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reviews the literature that evaluates pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy, herpes gestationis, and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and their impact on the fetus. Using MEDLINE years 1966 to 1999, a literature search was performed using the terms pregnancy, dermatology, pruritic urti...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00006254-200107000-00022
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:Importance:Physical activity during pregnancy can offer many maternal and fetal health benefits. Objective:The aim was to summarize American, Canadian, and international recommendations published recently on physical activity during pregnancy to aid health care providers in their delivery of advice on the topic. Evid...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/OGX.0000000000000693
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the past 25 years, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have become leading causes of illness and death in the United States. Over 1 million people are living with HIV/AIDS in this country, yet there continue to be many individuals who are unaware of their HIV status. Eff...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OGX.0b013e318181a4a7
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::5 cases of vascular complications--hemorrhagic stroke, myocardial infarction, retinal vein thrombosis, thrombotic stroke and deep vein thrombosis--in young women taking low dose oral contraceptives are described from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Afri...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00006254-199009000-00003
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:Importance:Women with a history of preeclampsia have a 2- to 5-fold increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, which represent almost half of mortality in the female population worldwide. Objective:To summarize the current evidence concerning women's future cardiovascular risk after pregnancies complicated by preeclam...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OGX.0000000000000846
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preterm delivery presents the main cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The rate of preterm delivery is 12% to 13% in the United States, of which 29% concerns preterm deliveries before 34 weeks of gestation. Basic parameter of prevention strategy is implementation of tocolytic therapy in cases of threa...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/OGX.0000000000000302
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:Importance:Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy of reproductive-aged women. Women with PCOS are at increased risk of developing several metabolic and reproductive abnormalities, including metabolic syndrome. Underlying the combined metabolic and reproductive dysfunction is lipotoxicity, de...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OGX.0000000000000661
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:Importance:Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) remains a major cause of maternal mortality worldwide, occurring in both vaginal and cesarean deliveries. We have witnessed improvements in both prevention and treatment of PPH. Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been investigated as a potential adjunct therapy to uterotonics within this s...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/OGX.0000000000000597
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Sexual dysfunction is a common problem for women and often impairs their quality of life. Many women are reluctant to discuss these issues with their physicians. The perimenopause presents unique changes in sexual function. At this time, women and their partners undergo numerous physiologic, psychologic, and...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/OGX.0b013e3181b2f273
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE AND OBJECTIVES:Posterior tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) is a potential emerging therapy for fecal incontinence (FI). The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature regarding the efficacy of PTNS as a treatment of FI. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION:We searched MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane d...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/OGX.0000000000000171
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two recent surveys provide insights into U.S. women's attitudes toward and perceptions of the IUD. The first study was based on in-depth interviews conducted with 300 women 21-54 years of age in 6 cities; the second was based on telephone interviews with 1852 low-income, predominantly Black and Hispanic women 18-34 y...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006254-199612000-00012
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:With the advent of evidence-based medicine, much of the complex testing that infertile couples used to undergo is no longer recommended as part of the routine evaluation. Examples of tests no longer implemented include the postcoital test, Rubin test of tubal patency, endometrial biopsy, sperm antibody testin...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/OGX.0b013e31821288a4
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors, clinical and radiologic criteria for diagnosis, and management of this unusual complication of pregnancy. METHODS:A PubMed and Web of Science search was undertaken with no limitations on the number of years searched. RESULTS:There were 36 publications...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/OGX.0000000000000247
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:A systematic literature review was performed to determine whether leiomyomata are associated with decreased fertility rates, and whether surgical removal increases fertility rates postoperatively. Meta-analysis was conducted when multiple studies addressed a single issue and were sufficiently homogeneous. Da...
journal_title:Obstetrical & gynecological survey
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00006254-200108000-00022
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00