Abstract：
:These studies were initiated to determine (1) if cisplatin (cis-DDP)-induced hyperglucagonemia is related to decreased hormone degradation, (2) the relationship between impaired kidney function associated with cis-DDP nephrotoxicity and hyperglucagonemia, and (3) the contribution of cis-DDP-induced hyperglucagonemia to disturbances in glucose metabolism in male F-344 rats. Administration of 5 or 7.5, but not 2.5, mg/kg cis-DDP iv increased fasting plasma immunoreactive glucagon (IRG) concentrations. Hyperglucagonemia following cis-DDP treatment was characterized by an increase in the biologically active or true pancreatic form of IRG as well as an increase in an extrapancreatic component. cis-DDP treatment (5 mg/kg) resulted in a prolonged half-life and a reduced rate of plasma disappearance of exogenous glucagon. Reducing cis-DDP nephrotoxicity, via mannitol pretreatment, resulted in a significant reduction in total, true pancreatic, and extrapancreatic plasma IRG. Other nephrotoxicants, such as glycerol or gentamicin, also resulted in hyperglucagonemia, indicating that the effects of cis-DDP on glucagon metabolism are also characteristic of other nephrotoxicants and, therefore, may be secondary to kidney toxicity. Despite marked hyperglucagonemia following cis-DDP treatment, neither severe fasting hyperglycemia nor increased hepatic and renal gluconeogenic enzyme activity was apparent in treated animals. This apparent discrepancy cannot be attributed to glucagon resistance at the target tissue level since cis-DDP-treated animals responded appropriately to exogenous glucagon. These results indicate that hyperglucagonemia following cis-DDP treatment (1) may be related to decreased glucagon degradation associated with impaired renal function and (2) does not markedly disrupt glucose homeostasis.
journal_name
Toxicol Appl Pharmacoljournal_title
Toxicology and applied pharmacologyauthors
Goldstein RS,Mayor GH,Gingerich RL,Hook JB,Robinson B,Bond JTdoi
10.1016/0041-008x(83)90009-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-04-01 00:00:00pages
250-9issue
2eissn
0041-008Xissn
1096-0333pii
0041-008X(83)90009-1journal_volume
68pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:In order to elucidate the oxidative effects and genotoxicity of nickel on human lymphocytes in vitro, we report the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, hydroxyl radical ((*)OH), and DNA damage in human lymphocytes after acute exposure to inorganic nickel. NiCl(2) appeared to incre...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0041-008x(03)00086-3
更新日期：2003-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In the current study C57BL/6J mice were injected intraperitoneally with Hg(2+) in the absence and presence of TCDD. After 6 and 24h the liver was harvested and the expression of Cyps was determined. In vitro, isolated hepatocytes were incubated with TCDD in the presence and absence of Hg(2+). At the in vivo level, Hg(...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2012.11.027
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the precise etiology of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains obscure, heightened immune response is thought to play a vital role in provoking joint inflammation and bone erosion. This study aims at comparatively evaluating the effects of two monoclonal antibodies Ranibizumab (RANI) as anti-VEGF antibody and Toci...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2018.07.014
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The correlation among hyperammonemia, brain neutral amino acid, and encephalopathy induced by cyanide was investigated in mice. Subcutaneous injection of 10 mg/kg of potassium cyanide increased the levels of blood ammonia by 2.5-fold as compared to those of the corresponding controls and caused loss of consciousness i...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(89)90150-6
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mechanisms of cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced nephrotoxicity were generally thought to be hemodynamic in origin; however, there is now accumulating evidence of a direct tubular effect. Although genomic and proteomic experiments by our group and others provided overall information on genes and proteins up- or down-regulat...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2011.11.007
更新日期：2012-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A transformer cooled and insulated with a mixture of 65% Aroclor 1254 and 35% chlorinated benzenes located in the Binghamton State Office Building in Binghamton, New York, was involved in a fire, which produced soot containing polychlorinated biphenyls, biphenylenes, dioxins, and dibenzofurans. A single dose of either...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(83)90326-5
更新日期：1983-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of structure on the estrogenicity and antiestrogenicity of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls were investigated using the following estrogen-sensitive assays: competitive binding to the rat and mouse cytosolic estrogen receptor (ER); immature rat and mouse uterine wet weight, peroxidase and progesteron...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1997.8169
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nanoparticle (NP) based drug delivery systems provide promising opportunities in the treatment of lung diseases. Here we examined the safety and tolerability of pulmonary delivered NPs consisting of PEG-PLA as a function of particle surface charge. The rationale for such a comparison should be attributed to the differ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2010.04.011
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary fibrosis is a consequence of severe injury from some toxic agents including high doses of ozone. It is not known, however, whether chronic exposure to low doses of ozone, such as those encountered in polluted ambient atmospheres, could also result in abnormal accumulations of lung collagen. Rats were exposed...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(88)90184-6
更新日期：1988-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine whether exposure to levels of sarin causing no overt clinical signs would cause more subtle, adverse health effects that persisted after the exposure ended. Inhalation exposures of male Fischer 344 rats to 0, 0.2, or 0.4 mg/m(3) of sarin for 1 h/day for 1, 5, or 10 days under...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The biochemical mechanism involved in cadmium-induced cellular injury remains to be elucidated. Various theories have been proposed to account for this action, one of which is an interaction with reduced sulfhydryl (SH) groups of membranes. The ability of a known SH group reducing agent, dithiothreitol (DTT), to inter...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(86)90197-3
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As a class, the biguanides induce lactic acidosis, a hallmark of mitochondrial impairment. To assess potential mitochondrial impairment, we evaluated the effects of metformin, buformin and phenformin on: 1) viability of HepG2 cells grown in galactose, 2) respiration by isolated mitochondria, 3) metabolic poise of HepG...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2008.08.013
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and AhR nuclear translocator (ARNT) are transcription factors that express Per-Arnt-Sim (PAS) DNA-binding motifs and mediate the metabolism of drugs and environmental toxins in the liver. Because these transcription factors interact with other PAS genes in molecular feedback loops f...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2008.10.016
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phytochemicals show promise as potential chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic agents against various cancers. Here we report the chemotherapeutic effects of berberine, a phytochemical, on human prostate cancer cells. The treatment of human prostate cancer cells (PC-3) with berberine induced dose-dependent apoptosis but...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2007.12.027
更新日期：2008-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A cadmium-binding substance with a molecular weight even lower than that of metallothionein was demonstrated on Sephadex G-75 gel filtration chromatography of the soluble fractions from newborn human and adult rat liver homogenates and adult human hemolysate which were mixed with CdCl2 in vitro. This substance was pur...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(84)90057-7
更新日期：1984-03-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The phenylurea compound EDU (N-[2-(2-oxo-1-imidazolindinyl)ethyl]-N'-phenylurea) has been shown to protect plants from the damaging effects of ozone exposure. Models of rat lung injury, based on acute exposure to 2 ppm ozone for 3 hr and on exposure to 0.85 ppm ozone for 2 days, were used to determine whether EDU pret...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(89)90089-6
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During international peace-keeping missions, a diverse number of non-battle hazards may be encountered, which range from heavily polluted areas, endemic disease, toxic industrial materials, local violence, traffic, and even psychological factors. Hence, elevated risk levels from a variety of sources are encountered du...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2008.01.016
更新日期：2008-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper reviews the occurrence and properties of cyanobacterial toxins, with reference to the recognition and management of the human health risks which they may present. Mass populations of toxin-producing cyanobacteria in natural and controlled waterbodies include blooms and scums of planktonic species, and mats ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2004.02.016
更新日期：2005-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The developing neuroendocrine brain represents a potential target for endocrine active chemicals. The UV filter 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC) exhibits estrogenic activity, but also interferes with the thyroid axis. We investigated effects of pre- and postnatal exposure to 4-MBC in the same rat offspring at brain...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2006.10.026
更新日期：2007-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Hyperoxia contributes to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants. New BPD is characterized as having alveolar simplification. We reported previously that aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) deficiency increased susceptibility to hyperoxic lung injury in adult mice, and this was associated ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2013.01.003
更新日期：2013-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Insulin resistance is a characteristic feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is characterized by defects in insulin signaling. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a key negative regulator of the insulin signaling pathways, and its increased activity and expression are implicated in the pathogenesis of ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2015.03.011
更新日期：2015-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The hypothesis that 7,12-dimethyl-benz[a]anthracene (DMBA) suppresses immune function in mice via an inhibition of lymphocyte activation was examined in these studies. Daily exposure of B6C3F1 mice to DMBA (cumulative doses of 1.4 to 140 mg/kg) via the oral route for 14 days was found to inhibit phytohemagglutinin (PH...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(90)90147-m
更新日期：1990-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Carnosic acid (CA), a major bioactive component in rosemary extract, has many biological and pharmaceutical activities. Smad3 acetylation can regulate the transcription of type I α2 collagen (COL1A2), which is the major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The aim of the current study was to evaluate whether C...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2017.12.010
更新日期：2018-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Patulin is a mycotoxin mainly found in apple and apple products. In addition to being toxic for animals, mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic, patulin induces intestinal injuries, including epithelial cell degeneration, inflammation, ulceration, and hemorrhages. In a study of the cellular mechanisms associated with...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.2002.9417
更新日期：2002-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a potent hepatocarcinogen in female but not in male rats. In an initiation-promotion model, ovariectomy inhibits TCDD-induced cell replication and reduces both TCDD-induced tumor formation and the promotion of enzyme-altered hepatocellular foci (AHF). The aim of this study...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.2001.9166
更新日期：2001-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Historical studies report that cellular injury and silicosis are related to cytosolic free calcium (Ca2+). Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been linked to cellular injury. However, the detail mechanism of the increase in [Ca2+]i and the relationship between [Ca2+]i and ROS production remains unknown. Quart...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2009.10.005
更新日期：2010-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Following exposure to 2 ppm ozone for 4 hr, two distinct effects on rat lung inflammatory cell oxidant generation were observed. TPA- and opsonized zymosan-stimulated superoxide production by the inflammatory cell population was found to be maximally inhibited 24 hr following ozone exposure. In contrast, luminol-ampli...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(89)90005-7
更新日期：1989-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In rat skeletal muscle, chronic exposure to 50 ppm Cd2+ in drinking water produced both ultrastructural and functional damage, which took place successively and increased gradually with duration of treatment. Ultrastructurally, the first effect was a regression of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial cristae, and...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(85)90264-9
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP) induces inflammatory signaling characterized by MAP kinase-mediated activation of NFkB and AP-1 in vitro and in bronchial biopsies obtained from human subjects exposed to DEP. NFkB and AP-1 activation results in the upregulation of genes involved in promoting inflammation in ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2009.11.011
更新日期：2010-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure of mice to cationic rhodamines, Rh 123 and Rh 6G, has been found to be associated with developmental toxicity, while neutral rhodamines (e.g., Rh B) had no such effect. When mouse embryos from dams given ip injections of Rh 123, Rh 6G (15 mg/kg), or Rh B (30 mg/kg) on gestation Day (GD) 10 were examined, Rh 1...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(89)90113-0
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
