Abstract:
:Leptospira interrogans, hantaviruses (particularly Seoul virus), hepatitis E virus (HEV), and Toxoplasma gondii are rat-associated zoonoses that are responsible for human morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study aimed to describe the infection patterns of these four pathogens in wild rats (Rattus norvegicus) across socioeconomic levels in neighbourhoods in Lyon, France. The infection or exposure status was determined using polymerase chain reaction or serology for 178 wild rats captured in 23 locations; additionally, confirmatory culture or mouse inoculation was performed. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate whether morphological and socioeconomic data could predict the infection status of the rats. This study revealed that the rat colony's age structure may influence the prevalence of L. interrogans, hantavirus, and HEV. In addition, areas with high human population densities and low incomes may be associated with a greater number of infected rats and an increased risk of disease transmission.
journal_name
Epidemiol Infectjournal_title
Epidemiology and infectionauthors
Ayral F,Artois J,Zilber AL,Widén F,Pounder KC,Aubert D,Bicout DJ,Artois Mdoi
10.1017/S0950268814001137subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-02-01 00:00:00pages
586-99issue
3eissn
0950-2688issn
1469-4409pii
S0950268814001137journal_volume
143pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Strains of Salmonella enteritidis belonging to phage type 4 (SE4) were grown in the peritoneal cavities of chickens, and without subculture on laboratory media examined for inducible in vivo phenotypic characteristics. These bacteria expressed three major outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of 33, 35 and 36 kilodaltons (kD...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800057174
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Within-household transmission of Escherichia coli may contribute to the pathogenesis of urinary tract infection but understanding of transmission is limited by the lack of longitudinal data on individual shedding patterns. In this study, faecal E. coli was isolated over 6 months from 18 humans and 13 dogs in eight hou...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026880900226X
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Information on the factors that cause or amplify foodborne illness outbreaks (contributing factors), such as ill workers or cross-contamination of food by workers, is critical to outbreak prevention. However, only about half of foodborne illness outbreaks reported to the United States' Centers for Disease Control and ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268817001406
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Of 2210 salmonella isolates referred to the New Zealand Communicable Disease Centre for epidemiological surveillance during 1987, 147 (6.7%) were resistant to one or more of 10 antibiotics. Resistance to streptomycin was most common (4.5%), followed by sulphamethoxazole (3.4%), tetracycline (3.3%), ampicillin (1.5%), ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800056405
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) and varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection can cause serious diseases and complications in the HIV-positive population. Due to successful vaccination programmes measles, mumps and congenital rubella syndrome has become neglected in Germany. However, recent outbreaks of measles have occurr...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/S095026881600217X
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This analysis assessed the utility of the limiting antigen avidity assay (LAg). Samples of people who inject drugs (PWID) in Greece with documented duration of HIV-1 infection were tested by LAg. A LAg-normalized optical density (ODn) ⩽1·5 corresponds to a recency window period of 130 days. The proportion true recent ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816002417
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noroviruses are an important aetiological agent of acute gastroenteritis. They are responsible for large outbreaks of disease in the community, hospitals and long-term-care facilities. The clinical manifestations of norovirus outbreaks in psychiatric units are rarely described. The disease burden and impact highlight ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268810000634
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella spp. continue to be a leading cause of foodborne morbidity worldwide. To assess the risk of foodborne disease, current national regulatory schemes focus on prevalence estimates of Salmonella and other pathogens. The role of pathogen quantification as a risk management measure and its impact on public health...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026881800328X
更新日期:2018-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::A synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide of 40 nucleotides corresponding to nucleotides 33-72 of the gene coding for the viral protein VP7 of rotavirus, was used as a nucleic acid probe to develop a non-radioactive hybridization method for rotavirus detection. The probe was labelled at the 3' end with biotin-7-dATP. The sensi...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800049621
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::From 1971 to 2012, in New York State, years with human Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) were more strongly associated with the presence of Aedes canadensis, Coquillettidia perturbans and Culiseta melanura mosquitoes infected with the EEE virus (Fisher's exact test, one-sided P = 0.005, 0.03, 0.03) than with Culiseta ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268820000308
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In contrast to bacteraemic pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), there is a paucity of data on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of non-bacteraemic pneumococcal CAP. This retrospective study compared the outcome of hospitalized patients with bacteraemic and non-bacteraemic pneumococcal CAP treated a...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268810002402
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A ten-fold increase in Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 cases in The Netherlands during September-November 2005 prompted an outbreak investigation. A population-based matched case-control study included 56 cases and 100 controls. Risk factors for infection were consumption of a pre-processed raw beef product (odds ratio 4...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268807007972
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our objective was to determine the frequency of zika (ZIKV), chikungunya (CHIKV) and dengue (DENV) virus coinfection and describe the mortality cases that occurred during the epidemiologic surveillance of the ZIKV epidemic in Colombia. We analysed all cases of suspected ZIKV infection that were reported to the Nationa...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026881800359X
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The main feature of the epidemiological transition is a shift in the recorded causes of death from infectious diseases to other morbid conditions. This paper outlines modifications made to Omran's original model and stages of transition, and suggests that without a focus on aetiology and morbidity, these have been bas...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268818000572
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Annual periodicities of reported chickenpox cases have been observed in several countries. Of these, Japan has reported a two-peaked, bimodal annual cycle of reported chickenpox cases. This study investigated the possible underlying association of the bimodal cycle observed in the surveillance data of reported chicken...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026881400363X
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a well-established cause of traveller's diarrhoea and occasional domestic foodborne illness outbreaks in the USA. Although ETEC are not detected by conventional stool culture methods used in clinical laboratories, syndromic culture-independent diagnostic tests (CIDTs) capable...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268820001934
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Foodborne non-typhoidal salmonellosis causes approximately 1 million illnesses annually in the USA. In April 2015, we investigated a multistate outbreak of 65 Salmonella Paratyphi B variant L(+) tartrate(+) infections associated with frozen raw tuna imported from Indonesia, which was consumed raw in sushi. Forty-six (...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268818001462
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studying the epidemiology of pertussis and impact of differing vaccine schedules is difficult because of differing methods of case ascertainment. The advent of internationally standardized serological diagnosis for recent infection has allowed comparison of age-specific pertussis infection among European countries and...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026880600625X
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is uncertain whether hospitalization among patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) increases during the influenza season. This retrospective cohort study used influenza surveillance data from the United States (1986-1987 to 1990-1991), clinical information from the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLV...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026880600714X
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is limited information on the roles of different age groups in propagating pertussis outbreaks, and the temporal changes in those roles since the introduction of acellular pertussis vaccines. The relative roles of different age groups in propagating the 2010 and the 2014 pertussis epidemics in California were ev...
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更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Canine parvovirosis is a very contagious, severe and often lethal infectious disease of dogs caused by canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2). Parvoviruses are very resistant to several disinfectants while are sensitive to halogens such as sodium hypochlorite which is often used for decontamination of veterinary clinics and...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268818002431
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trimethoprim resistance was examined in faecal bacteria obtained from chickens, sheep, cattle and pigs. The incidence of trimethoprim resistance in porcine strains was 17% (157/922) and, whereas 15.8% (146/922) of these bacteria were highly resistant, only 4% (37/922) of the isolates possessed trimethoprim resistance ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800061744
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::An outbreak of Campylobacter jejuni infection occurred in a South Wales Valleys housing estate. Illness in estate residents was associated with tap water consumption [population attributable risk (PAR) 50%, relative risk (RR) 2.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.9-3.37] and residence in the upper estate (PAR 49%, RR 2...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268807007960
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Excessive weight loss due to protein calorie malnutrition (PCM) is a significant problem in Nigerian children. This syndrome may be difficult to differentiate from the wasting disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. We studied 70 children admitted to the Baptist Medical Center in Ogbom...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s095026880006831x
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rubella infections, notified by general practitioners on the basis of a clinical diagnosis, were investigated by testing blood and saliva samples for specific IgM. Overall 52 (29%) of 178 cases with appropriately timed blood specimens were confirmed as recent rubella by IgM serology. Only 2 (3%) of 74 cases in childre...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268898008838
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) epidemiology among residents of a rural agricultural plantation in Kericho, Kenya was studied. HIV-1 prevalence was 14.3%, and was higher among women (19.1%) than men (11.3%). Risk factors associated with HIV-1 for men were age (>or=25 years), marital history (one or more ma...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268807009028
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a molecular epidemiological study of rabies virus (RABV) strains circulating in animal populations in Bhutan, and investigate potential origins of these viruses. Twenty-three RABV isolates originating from dogs and other domestic animals were characterized by sequencing the partial nucleoprotein (N) gene (39...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268810002682
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a prospective observational study 4,485 patients from 46 clinical centres in 17 European countries were followed between April 1994 and November 1996. Information on AIDS-defining events (ADEs) were collected together with basic demographic data, treatment history and laboratory results. The centres were divided in...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268802007719
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clusters of Salmonella Enteritidis cases were identified by the Minnesota Department of Health using both pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and whole genome sequencing (WGS) single nucleotide polymorphism analysis from 1 January 2015 through 31 December 2017. The median turnaround time for obtaining WGS results ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268820001272
更新日期:2020-06-16 00:00:00
abstract::The overuse of antibiotics and the rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance prompted the launch of an antimicrobial stewardship programme in 2011. This study aimed to investigate the trends and correlations between antibiotic consumption and resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in a tertiary hospital of northwest China...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268818003059
更新日期:2018-11-16 00:00:00