Abstract:
:Prevention of cancer is now divided into primary and secondary prevention. Primary prevention is that set of interventions that keeps a cancerous process from ever developing and includes health counseling and education, environmental controls. and product safety as examples. Secondary prevention is that set of interventions leading to the discovery and control of cancerous or precancerous processes while localized, i.e., screening, early detection, and effective treatment. Risk is lifelong for all, though it may vary in intensity among different groups. Jointly, primary and secondary prevention must be synthesized into optimum life time strategies that are best understood and evaluated under certain basic concepts of the epidemiology of cancer and operations research. The purpose of this report is to provide a brief review of these concepts applied to primary and secondary prevention of human cancer. Improved understanding of these concepts is essential for planning, implementation, and evaluation of prevention programs.
journal_name
J Surg Oncoljournal_title
Journal of surgical oncologyauthors
Spratt JSdoi
10.1002/jso.2930180302subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1981-01-01 00:00:00pages
219-30issue
3eissn
0022-4790issn
1096-9098journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Esophageal anastomotic leak is associated with high morbidity and mortality and potentially lethal if not recognized promptly and treated aggressively. While many studies have attempted to delineate the surgical techniques associated with lower rates of anastomotic leak, few have attempted to determine its l...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.23902
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Distribution of Leu-7+ cells in cancer tissues and regional lymph nodes was immunohistochemically examined to estimate the role of NK cells in colorectal cancer patients. Leu-7+ cells were rarely observed both in the primary and distant metastatic lesions, but the number of these cells was large in the germinal center...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.2930450406
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Development of second primary carcinomas after thoracic esophagectomy has become of much concern, because recently the prognosis of thoracic esophageal carcinoma after esophagectomy with extended lymph node dissection has been improving. We report our experience of diagnosing and treatment sec...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9098(199710)66:2<130::aid-jso11
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Between January 1, 1968 and December 31, 1978, 42 patients with malignant lesions involving the major salivary glands were seen at the Medical College of Virginia. A 60% 2-year survival and a 42% 5-year survival were noted. Histologic type was the major determinant of survival. Symptoms other than a painless mass, a l...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.2930170204
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leiomyoma of the rectum and anal canal is an unusual clinical entity. Generally, it does not produce any clinical signs and in most cases it is discovered incidentally in the course of routine rectal examination. The clinical presentation, diagnosis, and surgical treatment are described in two presented cases of anal ...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.2930330210
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:The number of patients diagnosed with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) at an advanced age has increased. The aim of this study is to evaluate the age at which disease-specific survival (DSS) significantly decreases in HNSCC. METHODS:We performed a retrospective study of 5469 pati...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.25895
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A massive lymphatic leak developed following radical retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for recurrent extragonadal seminoma. Chylous ascites persisted for over 3 months, with an average daily external drainage of 1.5 liters, and was successfully treated with a peritoneovenous shunt. ...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.2930360315
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is closely associated with tumor progression. Whether it can predict postoperative prognosis of patients with T2 gallbladder cancer (GBC) remains controversial. METHODS:We retrospectively collected the medical records of 125 patients with T2 GBC. Then, we analyzed the association betwee...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.25085
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A retrospective review to elucidate the rationale of preoperative irradiation was made on 18 carcinomas of the head of the pancreas area. After 50 Gy/25 fractions of 10 MV X-ray was given, all 18 tumors decreased from 3.3 +/- 0.8 cm to 2.0 +/- 0.7 cm. At the surgical operation, 16 patients (89%) received pancreatic re...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.2930400303
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fluorescence-guided surgery can enhance the surgeon's ability to achieve a complete oncologic resection. There are a number of tumor-specific probes being developed with many preclinical mouse models to evaluate their efficacy. The current review discusses the different preclinical mouse models in the setting of probe...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jso.25150
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Proper tip position is a major determinant of totally implantable venous access device (TIVAD) outcome. The aim of this study is to analyze the potential utilization of intravenous electrocardiography (IV-ECG) to help inexperienced operators for TIVAD placement. PATIENTS AND METHODS:This is a retrospective,...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.23000
更新日期:2012-06-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCMT) has been increasingly used in advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, the prognostic impact of tumor response remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate if tumor response at the primary site and lymph nodes (LN) correlate with survival in GC patients after nCMT...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.25785
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retroperitoneal sarcomas (RPS) frequently involve major vessels, which either originate from them or secondarily encase or invade them. In this field, major vascular resections result in increased morbidity. However, survival does not seem to be affected by the need for vascular resection or by this higher morbidity. ...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jso.24920
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Small lung adenocarcinomas are detected more frequently than in the past. However, the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic significance of EGFR/p53 mutations in these tumors remains unclear. METHODS:We evaluated the correlation of EGFR/p53 mutations with clinicopathologic charact...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.23628
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of preoperative injection of activated carbon in delineation of cancer location in laparoscopic colectomy. Activated carbon particles were injected during endoscopy into the normal colonic wall surrounding cancer lesions in five cases of early colon cancer, pr...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.2930580107
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Angiosarcomas comprise less than 1% of all sarcomas, arising from endothelial cells of blood or lymph vessels. Chronic immunosuppression increases the risk of many malignancies and an association between the development of angiosarcoma with an immunosuppressed state is established. A few cases have been repo...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.21516
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The results of treatment of desmoid tumor patients with nonsteroid antiinflammatory drugs alone or in combination with tamoxifen are described. Tumor growth was inhibited in six of seven patients. Nonsteroid antiinflammatory drugs administered along with 5-fluorouracil and cyclophosphamide and other inhibitors of T-su...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.2930220314
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 29-year-old female was diagnosed with a symptomatic, extra-abdominal desmoid tumor during the first trimester of pregnancy. Computerized tomography (CT) and transabdominal ultrasound (US) noted a mass within the left rectus sheath measuring up to 15 cm in greatest diameter, with mild compression of the uterus. Preop...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.20189
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim was to compare leak rate between hand-sewn end-to-end anastomosis (ETE) and semi-mechanical anastomosis (SMA) after esophagectomy with gastric tube reconstruction. BACKGROUND DATA:The optimal surgical technique for creation of an anastomosis in the neck after esophagectomy is unclear. METHODS:Patien...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/jso.26209
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Current literature may overestimate the risk of nodal metastasis from thin melanoma due to reporting of data only from lesions treated with SLNB. Our objective was to define the natural history of thin melanoma, assessing the likelihood of nodal disease, in order to guide selection for SLNB. ...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.24765
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Six hundred sixty-eight patients with tumours of the larynx were treated by radiotherapy. The patients had stage T1 N0 M0 to T4 N3 M0 disease. Patients with T1 N0 M0 disease (273) had an excellent long-term survival (90%) as did those with T2 N0 M0 disease (142), whose 5-year survival was 70%. Patients with more advan...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.2930350402
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seventy tumors of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast were examined for p53 alteration by the RT-PCR-SSCP method. Sixty-five samples (92.9%) were investigated in the regions of codons 101-200 and 201-300. In total, 16 samples (24.6%) showed p53 gene alteration. We found that p53 gene alteration showed a correlatio...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.2930560110
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lymph node involvement in colorectal cancer, one of the most important prognostic factors, can be sometimes underestimated. In this study the authors report the results of two different techniques of specimen preparation and examination. In 240 patients (Group I), histologic examination was performed using a conventio...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.2930510305
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five patients with breast cancer and malignant melanoma are reported. Two patients had a third primary malignancy. In 4 out of 5 patients the breast tumor was the initial tumor discovered, and in 4 out of 5 the second tumor evolved metachronously. No specific carcinogenic factor could be established. The low malignanc...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.2930070305
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer to the liver has been a significant problem for clinicians in the past. Recent technical advances in infusion systems in the form of the infusaid pump has allowed delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to the liver with great reliability. As more chemotherapy pumps are implan...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.2930270410
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:The use of antibiotic prophylaxis for soft tissue sarcoma resection varies widely while little evidence on this topic exists. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of antibiotic prophylaxis on the occurrence of wound infections. METHODS:A single institutional retrospective cohort ...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.26188
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Interleukin (IL)-1α and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) play an important role in pancreatic cancer proliferation, angiogenesis, and invasiveness. The aim of this study was to investigate the cooperative role of HGF and IL-1α in metastatic processes promoted by interactions between pancreatic c...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.21530
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is an aggressive benign bone tumor with poor prognosis whose neoplastic component is stromal cells (SCs). Tumor stem-like cells (TSCs) have been demonstrated as precursors for tumor genesis and growth. The aim of this study is to identify TSCs in GCTB. METHODS:Stro-1(+) and S...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.23151
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Desmoglein I (DGI) is major component of the desmosomal membrane core that plays an important role in epithelial cell adhesion. The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between the expression of DGI and the clinicopathological findings of esophageal cancer. DGI expression was immunohistochemically examined...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.2930570207
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:CD109, a TGF-β co-receptor, is reported to be preferentially expressed during the early stages of tumorigenesis in several carcinoma types. Myxofibrosarcoma is one of the most common soft-tissue sarcomas found in elderly patients. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of CD109 expression in myxofibrosarco...
journal_title:Journal of surgical oncology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jso.23934
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00