Abstract:
:One of the most significant achievements of the biochemist during the past two decades is the use to which immunologically based assays have been put in clinical diagnosis (Hood et al.: Immunology, 1984). The problem faced and surmounted by immunologists in effecting the transition from research tool to routine clinical assay bears a remarkable similarity to that confronting the molecular biologist today; i.e., how can nucleic acid hybridization, a technique of obvious potential (Meinkoth and Wahl: Anal Biochem 138:267-284, 1984; Syvanen: Med Biol 64:313-324, 1986; Matthews and Kricka: Anal Biochem 169:1-25, 1988), be modified in order to fulfill all necessary parameters of a routine diagnostic assay? There are several such requirements, and the importance placed on each depends on the objectives of the assay: the technique must be sensitive, specific, and reproducible. Other advantages would be cost-effectiveness, ease of manipulation, and amenability to automation. Ideally, the signal detection should be based on a non-radioactive system, because of the instability of probes labelled with isotopes like 32p, and the potential hazards involved in their handling and disposal. The sandwich hybridization for the analysis of nucleic acid sequences was first used in 1977 (Dunn and Hassell: Cell 12:23-36, 1977), but its potential as a diagnostic assay was not realized until 1983, when it was applied to the detection of adenovirus DNA in nasopharyngeal aspirates from children with acute respiratory infection (Ranki et al: Gene 21:77-85, 1983). It has since been modified and used not only for the detection of microbial infection (Virtanen et al.: Lancet i:381-383, 1983; Ranki et al.: Cur Top Microbiol Immunol 104:307-318, 1983; Lehtomaki et al.: J Clin Microbiol 24:108-111, 1986; Virtanen et al.: J Clin Microbiol 20:1083-1088, 1984; Palva and Ranki: Clin Lab Med 5:475-490, 1985; Polsky-Cynkin et al.: Clin Chem 31:1438-1443, 1985; Parkkinen et al.: J Med Virol 20:279-288, 1986; Palva: FEMS Microbiol Lett 28:85-91, 1985; Palva et al: FEMS Microbiol Lett 23:83-89, 1984; Zolg et al.: Mol Biochem Parasitol 22:145-151, 1987; Palva: J Clin Microbiol 18:92-100, 1983), but also for the analysis of nucleotide sequence variations (Langdale and Malcolm: Gene 36:201-210, 1985). We will discuss the development of the sandwich technique and the advantages it conveys over the more conventional nucleic acid hybridization formats, together with new developments which will ensure that it earns a place alongside immunoassay in the diagnostic laboratory.
journal_name
J Clin Lab Analjournal_title
Journal of clinical laboratory analysisauthors
Nicholls PJ,Malcolm ADdoi
10.1002/jcla.1860030210subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-01-01 00:00:00pages
122-35issue
2eissn
0887-8013issn
1098-2825journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::In order to analyze the epitope structure of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and the idiotype network system, seven anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibodies (anti-Id MoAbs) were generated from a BALB/c mouse immunized with anti-CEA MoAb P1-356, which recognized a synthetic peptide P1 of CEA, domain I. These MoAbs were divi...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.10058
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A sensitive enzyme immunoassay (immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay) for (anti-human T-cell leukemia virus type I) IgG (anti-HTLV-I IgG) in serum using recombinant gag p24(14-214) of HTLV-I is described. The recombinant gag p24(14-214) is soluble in the absence of detergents and allows the use of enzymes other ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.1860060509
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To explore relationships between immunological status, clinical features, radiographic damage, disease activity, and functional disability in Tunisian patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). MATERIALS AND METHODS:The study was carried out in 112 patients with RA. Demographic characteristics, disease duratio...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.21638
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 were measured in 101 serum samples collected from eight intensive-care unit patients using a polystyrene-based stick enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (STICKELISA) system. This system consisted of an immobilized-antibody ELISA stick and a noncontact spectrophotometer. Cytokine concentration...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.20287
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines play crucial role in the development and functions of placenta. Any changes in these cytokines may be associated with many pregnancy-related disorders like preeclampsia. Therefore, the present study is aimed to study the expression of pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-6) ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.22834
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cellular and brain metabolism of dopamine can be correlated with a number of neurodegenerative disorders, our study was to explore a simple and efficient method to detect dopamine in real samples. METHODS:A new quantum dots (CdTe QDs) could be prepared using the hydrothermal method, the electrochemical bios...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.22320
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:In this paper, a novel, sensitive and rapid method to simultaneously determine the free and total prostate-specific antigen (fPSA and tPSA) in serum by combining a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TRFIA) and immunomagnetic separation was described. METHODS:The new approach uses magnetic particles as an immo...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.22137
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Low concentration C-reactive protein (CRP) has favorable prognostic significance in patients with cardiovascular risks. METHODS:We compared the wr-CRP method with the hs-CRP method both on Roche Cobas c702 analyzer for the determination of low CRP concentration (<20 mg/L) including 200 patients treated in C...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.22957
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Technical innovation of autoimmune blistering dermatoses (ABDs) diagnosis aimed at multiplex approach. Two multiparametric ELISA tests are commercially available for ABDs serology. The aim was to compare diagnostic accuracy of multiparametric and monospecific ELISAs and to examine the diagnostic value/agreem...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.22336
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To discover how NLRP3 and TNFRSF1A polymorphisms affect the efficacy of traditional medicine and etanercept for ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients. METHODS:Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and haplotype analyses were conducted based on determined NLRP3 and TNFRSF1A among AS patients. We subsequently a...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.22138
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the presence of antipituitary antibodies (APA) in the serum of patients undergoing gastroenteropathies (GEP) other than celiac disease (CD). METHODS:APA were analyzed in GEP patients (n = 103), CD patients (n = 94), idiopathic growth hormone (GH) deficiency patients (n = 21), and 98 age- and sex-mat...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.21644
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an emerging problem all over the world. Because NAFLD and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are both closely related with insulin resistance, it would be necessary to determine the rate of presence of NAFLD in PCOS patients. So, this study aimed to investigate the u...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.21697
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the associations of urinary markers (eg albumin), glomerular (eg transferrin [TRF], immunoglobulin G [IgG]), and tubular (eg α1-microglobulin [α1-MG], β2-microglobulin [β2-MG]) markers with the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in type 2 diabetes patients, as assessed by estimated glom...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.22191
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epithelial cells are typically connected through different types of cell junctions that are localized from the apical membrane to the basal surface. In this way, epithelium cells form the first barrier against pathogenic microorganisms and prevent their entry into internal organs and the circulatory system. Recent stu...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jcla.23627
更新日期:2020-10-17 00:00:00
abstract::Urinary proteins from six patients with esophageal cancer and two with stomach cancer were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Analyses were performed on days-1 to 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, and 21 (or 22) after surgery. The protein patterns were scanned by densitometry and divided ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.20087
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We found that the Rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cell line expresses human acetylcholine receptor (AChR) based on the following evidences: 1. Soluble AChR can be isolated from RD cells following the isolation procedure for AChR from human muscle; 2. Intact RD cells bind to alpha-bungarotoxin (alpha Butx) in a time-dependent an...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.1860070104
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In previous research, we found diabetes rather than obesity was an independent risk factor of breast cancer. However, why diabetes could lead to increased risk of breast cancer patients remains elusive. Long non-coding RNAE330013P06 has been shown to be upregulated in diabetes, and long non-coding RNAs gener...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.23172
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, Siemens Diagnostics released a new calcium assay (CA_2) based on complex formation of calcium with Arsenazo III dye for use on the three automated, random access ADVIA Chemistry analyzers (1650, 2400, and 1200). We evaluated this method for analytical performance as well as potential interference from gadoli...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.20353
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Automated cell counters have become more and more sophisticated with passing years. The numerical and graphic data both provide useful clues for suspecting a diagnosis especially when the workload is very high. AIM:We present our experience of useful information provided by graphic displays of an automated ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.22392
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gross cystic breast disease (GCBD) is the most common benign disease of the human female breast, and patients with GCBD have an increased risk of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution inside apocrine cells and in breast cyst fluids aspirated from gross cysts of prostate-specific antigen...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.6
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well established that the targeted receptor for ciguatoxin (CTX) in mammalian tissues is the sodium channel, affecting the influx of sodium into cells and altering the action potential and function of the cell. Since the syntheses of fragments of CTX has become available, our focus has been on the receptor funct...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.20114
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radioimmunoassay (RIA) that involves purification of the analyte by organic solvent extraction is widely used. Although the extraction RIA is reliable when properly validated, it is time consuming and radioactive, we measure urinary total testosterone with a highly sensitive rapid and accurate time-resolved fluorescen...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.20283
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Spinal tuberculosis is the most common form of musculoskeletal tuberculosis. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) is increased in cells with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. MMP-1 plays a curial role in extracellular matrix degradation during the progression of tuberculosis. Although the...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.22136
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although a diagnosis of infectious diseases is essential for timely treatment, the performance of diagnostic tests has been hardly evaluated due to variable results that are influenced by multiple factors in different conditions. In the present study, the performance of the Alinity i system, which is a newly...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.23671
更新日期:2020-12-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, self-limited vasculitis in infants and young children. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a potent cytokine that exerts pleiotropic effects on immunoregulation and inflammation. Elevated IL-10 serum levels have been reported in the KD patients. METHODS:In this study, we investigate...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.21710
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Iron overload is a major complication in patients with hemoglobin H (Hb H) disease and causes damage of tissues. METHODS:We investigated 26 Hb H patients and 75 controls to evaluate their oxidative stress and antioxidant statuses. RESULTS:There were significantly increased levels of superoxide anion in leu...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.21676
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Early recognition and treatment for severe drug eruption are important in improving clinical outcomes. A few studies have reported laboratory parameters to evaluate the severity of drug eruptions. This study aimed to determine the association between serum ferritin and the severity of drug eruptions. METHOD...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.23043
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), which are most abundant in the liver, are the main enzymes involved in ethanol metabolism in humans. Gender-related differences in total liver ADH and ALDH activity among different animal species have been observed in many studies. We measured total ADH an...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.10076
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Oleander interferes with serum digoxin measurements using various immunoassays. The potential interference of oleander and its active ingredient, oleandrin, with a relatively new homogenous sequential chemiluminescent digoxin assay based on luminescent oxygen channeling technology (LOCI digoxin assay, Siemen...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.21637
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::T-lymphocyte function was investigated in a group of eight patients with polycythemia vera (PV) and 13 normals. Responsiveness of T-cells to stimulation by mitogen was significantly impaired in the PV patients (p = .02). Analysis of immune cell subpopulation composition by assessment of cell surface phenotype did not ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcla.1860030204
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00