Abstract：
:As recently as ten years ago, the nature of the T-cell receptor for antigen was a mystery, as was the precise role of histocompatibility molecules in antigen-presentation to T cells. Although T-cell receptors have now been cloned and crystal structures of MHC/peptide molecules exist, our understanding of the parameters that characterize this interaction and other interactions relevant to T-cell immunity are still unclear. The engineering of soluble forms of proteins that mediate T-cell recognition of antigen has allowed the first measurements of these parameters. Interestingly, many of these interactions are of a transient nature, with very rapid off-rates. These data suggest a model whereby highly reversible intermolecular interactions mediate the cell-cell association. The association of adhesion molecules is probably the first step in the stabilization of a conjugate, because they are more numerous than any antigen-specific interaction, followed later by TCR-MHC engagements. Diffusion within each lipid bilayer should allow the congregation of MHC/TCR interactions at the cell-cell interface, with peptide-specific TCR interactions outcompeting irrelevant interactions. Rapid off-rates for both the antigen-specific and nonspecific interactions may be necessary to maintain reversibility, yet allow a rapid approach to equilibrium and consequent signaling when a specific antigen is present or disengagement when it is not.
journal_name
Ann N Y Acad Scijournal_title
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesauthors
Boniface JJ,Davis MMdoi
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb26649.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-09-07 00:00:00pages
62-9eissn
0077-8923issn
1749-6632journal_volume
766pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:In plants, the photons of light are absorbed at the level of the photosystems in the chloroplasts. The functioning of the photosynthetic electron transfer chain linked to this process is required to generate NADPH and ATP. In addition, the light signal promotes a regulatory cascade, situated in the stroma, that involv...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04692.x
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:How can people adaptively analyze and "work through" negative feelings without ruminating? This paper will briefly review findings from an integrative program of research, which suggests that a critical factor determining whether people's attempts to adaptively reason about negative experiences succeed or fail is the ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04545.x
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transmission of HIV from mothers to children may occur through the transplacental, intrapartum, or breastfeeding routes. Adequate nutritional status may reduce vertical transmission by affecting several maternal or fetal and child risk factors for transmission including enhancing systemic immune function in the mother...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05478.x
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common of a number of diseases in which inflammation and tissue destruction is driven by an autoimmune process. Current therapy is inadequate, and this has prompted major research efforts, both in academia and industry, to understand more about the pathogenesis, and hence provide the r...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb26675.x
更新日期：1995-09-07 00:00:00
abstract：:To test whether the development of emotional resilience is a function of sensitive caregiving and child negative affect, we tested the joint contributions of 7-month maternal sensitivity and infant negative affect to the prediction of 33-month emotional resilience across the first 3 years of life. The aims of this stu...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1376.033
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The loss of mucus coat continuity and apoptosis have been shown in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-infected gastric tissues. Blockade of p38 mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK) produced reversal in the LPS-induced reduction in mucin synthesis and apoptosis in gastric epithelial cells. This study investigates whether H. py...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1299.014
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08496.x
更新日期：1999-06-18 00:00:00
abstract：:The mobilization and recruitment of blood and lymphatic vasculatures are widely described in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Although angiogenesis contributes to intense gut inflammation, it remains unclear whether and when lymphangiogenesis amplifies or protects in IBD. The prolonged maintenance of lymphatic (ove...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05757.x
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eight children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and late initiation of corticosteroid treatment are included in the present study. Four of them received LHRHa treatment for the arrest of central precocious puberty, while the other four served as controls. The administration of LHRHa was effective in arresting the m...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb43873.x
更新日期：1993-05-28 00:00:00
abstract：:The familial myelodysplastic (MDS)/acute leukemia (AL) predisposition syndromes are inherited disorders that lead to significantly increased lifetime risks of MDS and AL development. At present, four recognized syndromes have Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments--certified testing for their respective germ-line ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/nyas.12346
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/nyas.12673
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many features of these gastric vesicles satisfy the requirements for the gastric H+ pump. For example, we have: (a) K+ requirement, (b) KA for K+ of about 30 mM; (c) identical cation sequence for tissue and vesicles, (d) similar anion sequence, (e) localization at the microvillus of the secretory canaliculus, (f) TI+ ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1980.tb47181.x
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The potential of a transdisciplinary research method--Quali-Quantitative Analysis (QQA)--for delivering better evidence for healthy aging is explored. Illustrative reviews from the literature on healthy aging are summarized, as are papers on methodology by Charles Ragin and colleagues. The evidence needs for healthy a...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1396.006
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb16995.x
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carnitine and its congeners may regulate the immune networks, and their influence on functions of immune cells predominantly or exclusively relies on carnitine-dependent energy production from fatty acids. A reduced pool of carnitines has been demonstrated in either serum or tissues, or both, from patients with a wide...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1320.012
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1398.027
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glucagon and the glucagon-like peptides (GLP-1 and GLP-2) share a common evolutionary origin and are triplication products of an ancestral glucagon exon. In mammals, a standard scenario is found where only a single proglucagon-derived peptide set exists. However, fish and amphibians have either multiple proglucagon ge...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05505.x
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb51984.x
更新日期：1997-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Plasma advanced glycation end product (AGE) free adducts are increased up to 50-fold among patients on dialysis. We examined the ability of hemodialysis (HD) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) to clear these compounds. The AGE free adducts Nepsilon-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) and Nepsilon-(1-carboxyet...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb52361.x
更新日期：1997-12-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Every 365.2421999 days--more or less--the earth rotates, revolves, wobbles, and precesses along an elliptical path around the sun. Those of us who survive the journey are a year older: we have aged one solar year. Some years we seem to age faster than other years; some people seem to age faster than other people; some...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type：
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05700.x
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1447.002
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:NAFTA and GATT have specified that we must base import decisions on sound scientific information. This includes the use of risk assessment procedures to justify excluding or restricting the international movement of either live animals or products from animals. Procedures and techniques have been described for calcula...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb53535.x
更新日期：1996-07-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the evidence for oxidative stress for air pollution in the human lung is fragmentary, the hypothesis that oxidative stress is an important, if not the sole, mechanism of toxicity of oxidizing air pollutants and tobacco smoke is compelling and growing. First, biochemical mechanisms have been worked out for oxi...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb17095.x
更新日期：1992-09-30 00:00:00
abstract：:B-1 cells represent a subpopulation of B cells that has been extensively studied in mice and shown to spontaneously generate natural antibody that provides antimicrobial protection and helps dispose of cellular debris. Mouse B-1 cells originate from distinct progenitors and express additional immune properties that in...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/nyas.12790
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Between 4 and 13% of people with schizophrenia commit suicide and between 25 and 50% make a suicide attempt, a reflection of the devastating toll this syndrome takes on the quality of life, that is, the subjective and objective sense of well-being. Many risk factors for suicide in schizophrenia have been identified, t...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05797.x
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experiments with enzymes in situ that are dependent on ascorbic acid for maximum activity will provide critical information about ascorbic acid requirements. Our work with chromaffin tissue as a model system eventually will result in the determination of two dose-response curves for norepinephrine biosynthesis, repres...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb23779.x
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study of traditional animal health care practices in Passoré province of Burkina Faso led to the characterization of 24 diseases, together with their local names, causes of their appearance, and their treatment. Most (95%) of the medicinal recipes used to treat affected animals were based on plants. ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05298.x
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper is a progress report on our present understanding of iron nutrition in man, particularly in developing countries. We will be concerned with the quantitative aspects of iron balance and in particular with the availability of dietary iron, the recognition of iron deficiency and its prevalence, the effects of ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1977.tb19320.x
更新日期：1977-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Explanations of the socioeconomic gradient in health status must account for the observations that the gradient cuts across a wide range of disease processes and is capable of replicating itself on new disease processes as they emerge in society. Understanding this pattern requires an understanding of how human organi...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08107.x
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
