Abstract：
:Between 4 and 13% of people with schizophrenia commit suicide and between 25 and 50% make a suicide attempt, a reflection of the devastating toll this syndrome takes on the quality of life, that is, the subjective and objective sense of well-being. Many risk factors for suicide in schizophrenia have been identified, the most important of which are previous suicide attempts, depression, hopelessness, substance abuse, and male gender. Insight into having a serious mental illness and less severe cognitive impairment are also associated with increased risk for suicide in schizophrenia, most likely when accompanied by feelings of hopelessness. Typical neuroleptic drugs have not been shown to reduce the risk of suicide. However, several types of evidence suggest that clozapine, an atypical antipsychotic drug, appreciably reduces the suicide attempt and completion rates in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder, perhaps by as much as 75-85%. Other atypical antipsychotic drugs may have a similar effect, but direct evidence is lacking. Improvement in positive and negative symptoms, reduced extrapyramidal side effects (EPS), a direct antidepressant action, improved cognitive function, and improved compliance may contribute to reduced suicidality. The International Suicide Prevention Trial (InterSePT) is a large prospective, randomized study intended to compare the effectiveness of clozapine with that of olanzapine in reducing suicide and suicide-related events in schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients. Some information about suicidality in the patient sample is reported here.
journal_name
Ann N Y Acad Scijournal_title
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesauthors
Meltzer HYdoi
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05797.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-04-01 00:00:00pages
44-58; discussion 58-60eissn
0077-8923issn
1749-6632journal_volume
932pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The validity of waist circumference and sagittal diameter as surrogate measures of visceral fat were assessed using preliminary cross-sectional data from the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study, a cohort of 3,075 men and women aged 70-79. Weight, body mass index, waist circumference, waist/thigh ratio, and sagitt...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06501.x
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The remarkable hemodynamic changes of normal pregnancy are briefly reviewed. In addition, new findings and current concepts related to the underlying hormonal and molecular mechanisms are presented. Finally, work that is in progress as well as future directions is briefly discussed. ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1282.022
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Activated platelets and leukocytes release potent vasoactive factors that may modulate vascular tone. Activation of normal platelets produces dilatation of normal arteries. Vasodilatation is mediated by adenosine diphosphate (ADP), which releases endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) from endothelium. In atherosc...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb12036.x
更新日期：1994-04-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Carbon nanotubes are considered to be one of the novel most attractive materials in nanotechnology. Because of their multiple industrial and biomedical applications, thorough studies on their toxicity and biocompatibility become a priority in order to prevent possible health risks. In this study the effects of multiwa...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04892.x
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In adult Lurcher mice virtually all cerebellar Purkinje cells have degenerated as a direct consequence of mutant gene action, providing a natural model for studying the effect of cerebellar cortical lesions on the generation of compensatory eye movements. Lurcher mice possess both optokinetic (OKR) and vestibular (VOR...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb07584.x
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gluten sensitivity is an autoimmune disease that usually causes intestinal atrophy resulting in a malabsorption syndrome known as celiac disease. However, gluten sensitivity may involve several organs and is often associated with extraintestinal manifestations. Typically, patients with celiac disease have circulating ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1381.034
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the role of I1-imidazoline (I1-IR) receptors in control of airway function, by testing the effects of systemic administration of the I1-IR agonist moxonidine on reflex responses of tracheal smooth muscle (TSM) tone to either lung deflation or mechanical stimulation of intrapulmonary rapidly adapting recept...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb09384.x
更新日期：1999-06-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Organisms minimize genetic damage through complex pathways of DNA repair. Yet a gene family--the AID/APOBECs--has evolved in vertebrates with the sole purpose of producing targeted damage in DNA/RNA molecules through cytosine deamination. They likely originated from deaminases involved in A>I editing in tRNAs. AID, th...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06614.x
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Access to experimental X-ray diffraction image data is important for validation and reproduction of macromolecular models and indispensable for the development of structural biology processing methods. In response to the evolving needs of the structural biology community, we recently established a diffraction data pub...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/nyas.13272
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Disorientation may draw attention from other activities and its impact on cognition may cause pilot error and problems of concentration in dizzy patients. Tasks used to study the impact of disorientation include number processing, intelligence scales and Brookes matrices (reproduction of 2xD patterns of numbers vs. no...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03744.x
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The amyloid-beta protein (A beta), strongly implicated in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), is formed from the amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) through sequential proteolysis by beta- and gamma-secretases. Cleavage by gamma-secretase takes place within the middle of the single transmembrane region of APP a...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06922.x
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The induction of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) during G1 phase of the cell cycle appears to be universal and essential for cell cycle progression. This induction has been demonstrated in at least 23 cell types in response to various growth stimuli. Further, specific inhibitors of ODC added to several of these cell lin...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1981.tb12754.x
更新日期：1981-02-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Of the approaches presently available for prevention of blood-transmitted hepatitis, most clearly effective is the avoidance of high-risk donor populations, such as most paid commercial donors. It should be emphasized that even after screening for hepatitis B antigen most paid donor blood carries with it a five-ten ti...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1975.tb53345.x
更新日期：1975-01-20 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence of autoimmune diseases is higher in females than in males. In both sexes, adrenal hormones, that is, glucocorticoids, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and androgens, are inadequately low in patients when compared to healthy controls. Hormonally active androgens are anti-inflammatory, whereas estrogens are ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1351.021
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The endocannabinoid system, through the cannabinoid receptor CB1, is involved in the modulation of adaptive responses to environmental conditions. However, little is known about the role of the cannabinergic system, particularly CB1 receptor expression, in relation to the effects induced by xenoestrogens concerning th...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04455.x
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CISD2, the causative gene for Wolfram syndrome 2 (WFS2), is an evolutionarily conserved novel gene. Recently, we have demonstrated that CISD2 is involved in mammalian lifespan control; this work also establishes WFS2 as a mitochondria-mediated disorder and effectively links CISD2 gene function, mitochondrial integrity...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05619.x
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcium ions are essential to proper neurotransmission. Impairment in cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration and Ca(2+) signaling disturbs neuronal activity, leading to pathological consequences. In cells, a high-affinity plasma membrane calcium pump (PMCA) keeps free Ca(2+) in the nanomolar range. Among four genes encoding t...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1410.077
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to reevaluate the role of infection in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Sera from 119 patients with IBD [80 with Crohn's disease (CD); 39 with ulcerative colitis] and 98 healthy controls were assessed using the Bio-Rad BioPlex 2200 for the presence of Toxoplasma gondii, cytomegalovirus, Epst...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04673.x
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Justice judgments are subjective by nature, and are influenced substantially by motivational processes. In the present contribution, two motives underlying justice judgments are examined: individualistic motives to evaluate solutions to social problems that benefit the self in material or immaterial ways as fair versu...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/nyas.12143
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The theme of this presentation has been to show that the control of transmitter release at the neuromuscular synapse is achieved by extracellular and intracellular calcium. For the fast information transfer represented by the end-plate potential, the electrochemical gradient for calcium across the presynaptic membrane...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1978.tb41983.x
更新日期：1978-04-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Endothelial cells produce and bind to multiple basement membrane components. Fibronectin and interstitial collagens seem to promote migration and proliferation, whereas basement membrane collagen and laminin stimulate attachment and differentiation. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells will rapidly form capillary-li...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb13197.x
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Consumers of marijuana typically feel a strong, compulsive desire to consume food. Although past research revealed that the CB1 cannabinoid receptor is a potent regulator of food intake, the functional presence of neuronal CB2 cannabinoid receptors in the brain has been controversial. The role of CB2 receptors in food...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1432.035
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When an arbovirus enters an arthropod in an infected blood meal, several mechanisms may interact to affect its life cycle and ultimate transmissibility. Intrinsic absolute failure in the establishment of infection must be contrasted with infection that is successfully established but is variably modulated in its viral...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1975.tb35101.x
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this research is to investigate the fluoride contents in the chilies from southwest China and other countries in order to calculate the difference in fluoride levels in the fresh chilies. The standard method in China for analysis of fluoride in food (GB/T 5009.18-2003) was applied to determinate the flu...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1454.035
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Apoptosis plays a critical role in acetaminophen (AAP)-induced hepatic injury, since inhibiting apoptosis also prevents the development of acute liver failure. In this study, the mechanism of apoptosis induction by AAP was investigated in the human hepatoblastoma cell line HuH7. AAP caused marked cytotoxicity in HuH7 ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1299.103
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:GABA and glutamate play a major role in central integration of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) stress responses. Recent work in our group has focused on mechanisms whereby GABAergic and glutamatergic circuits interact with parvocellular paraventricular nucleus (PVN) neurons controlling the HPA axis. GABAerg...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1296.004
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experimental data together with clinical studies have generated information about the association between sympathetic nervous system activity and immunity as measured by in vitro correlates of cellular immune function. In addition, studies on the in vivo role of central CRF in coordinating sympathetic outflow and modu...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb49933.x
更新日期：1993-10-29 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied 13 patients with unilateral peripheral vestibular lesions following removal of acoustic neurinomas. The time constant of the VOR after surgery was 6.4 +/- 2.6 seconds (normal is 18.5 +/- 7.7 seconds). The time constant of OKAN after surgery was 7.2 +/- 1.8 seconds (normal is 11.3 +/- 3.2 seconds). The mean ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb25216.x
更新日期：1992-05-22 00:00:00
abstract：:G3139 is an 18mer phosphorothioate oligonucleotide targeted to the initiation codon region of the Bcl-2 mRNA. Because of the ability of this antisense construct to downregulate the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA and protein, it has entered phase III clinical trials in a number of human cancers, including advanced melanoma. ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1359.033
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Obesity is a multifactorial heterogenous condition. The location of excess fat on the body determines the risk of morbidity and mortality for significant disease. Visceral, or intraabdominal, fat is the fat depot most highly associated with illness and death from cardiocerebrovascular disease and diabetes. Visceral fa...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb44719.x
更新日期：1995-12-29 00:00:00
