Abstract:
:An effective host response to infection or tissue damage requires focal accumulation of leukocytes. Leukocyte adhesion to the vessel wall, a key step in this process, depends on the ordered expression of specific endothelial cell surface molecules. The endothelial molecules that support adhesion include selectins that recognize leukocyte cell surface glycoconjugates as well as members of the immunoglobulin superfamily that interact with leukocyte integrins. Although inflammation can occur with minimal damage to the vessel wall and surrounding tissues, control mechanisms sometimes appear to fail, and the inflammatory response itself becomes a significant clinical problem. In this review, we discuss endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecules with particular emphasis on their expression and function in human disease. Pathophysiological processes presented include atherosclerosis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, acute lung injury, rheumatoid arthritis, and graft rejection. A more detailed description of the discovery and characterization of the key molecules appears in the antecedent article entitled "Endothelial-Leukocyte Adhesion Molecules".
journal_name
Annu Rev Medjournal_title
Annual review of medicineauthors
Bevilacqua MP,Nelson RM,Mannori G,Cecconi Odoi
10.1146/annurev.med.45.1.361subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-01-01 00:00:00pages
361-78eissn
0066-4219issn
1545-326Xjournal_volume
45pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The basis of the current treatment of rectal cancer is a radical total mesorectal excision of the rectum, and although this provides excellent oncological control, it is associated with morbidity and functional problems in cancer survivors. Organ-preservation alternatives are local excision alone for very early tumors...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev-med-062915-021419
更新日期:2017-01-14 00:00:00
abstract::Acute renal failure is a serious consequence of renal ischemia. The diagnosis carries an associated high mortality rate. When blood flow to the kidneys is inadequate to supply metabolic demands, a number of pathophysiological changes occur that ultimately result in cell death and tissue dysfunction, characterized by a...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.me.39.020188.002531
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease reflects the failure of airways defense against chronic bacterial infection. Studies of CF cultures, transgenic mice, and CF patients suggest that the initiating event in CF airways disease pathogenesis is reduced airway surface liquid (ASL) volume, i.e., dehydration. CF ASL volume re...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.med.58.071905.105316
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The standard of care for the evaluation of axillary nodal involvement remains complete lymph node dissection. Lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy are changing this long-held paradigm; indeed, several leading institutions already reserve complete axillary dissection for patients with metastasis to th...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1146/annurev.med.51.1.525
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is now well recognized that the atherosclerotic plaques responsible for thrombus formation are not necessarily those that impinge most on the lumen of the vessel. Nevertheless, clinical investigations for atherosclerosis still focus on quantifying the degree of stenosis caused by plaques. Many of the features assoc...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev-med-041709-133809
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Risk assessments are integral for the prevention and management of cardiometabolic disease (CMD). However, individuals may develop CMD without traditional risk factors, necessitating the development of novel biomarkers to aid risk prediction. The emergence of omic technologies, including genomics, proteomics, and meta...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev-med-042418-010924
更新日期:2020-01-27 00:00:00
abstract::Antisense technology exploits oligonucleotide analogs to bind to target RNAs via Watson-Crick hybridization. Once bound, the antisense agent either disables or induces the degradation of the target RNA. Antisense agents can also alter splicing. During the past decade, much has been learned about the basic mechanisms o...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.med.55.091902.104408
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The HIV Prevention Trials Network 052 study (HPTN 052) was a clinical trial designed to determine whether early treatment for HIV infection prevented transmission of the virus in couples where one partner was infected with HIV and the other was not, referred to as HIV serodiscordant or serodifferent couples. The study...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev-med-110918-034551
更新日期:2020-01-27 00:00:00
abstract::Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome indicates opportunistic infection or unusual malignancy associated with a marked deficiency of cell mediated immunity in the absence of any other cause of the immune defect. This review examines epidemiology, virology, and immunology associated with this disorder. The syndrome appear...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.me.36.020185.002553
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Renal involvement by systemic lupus is variable; some patients have minimal clinical and histologic involvement, whereas others have fulminant renal failure and severe proliferative renal lesions on biopsy. The World Health Organization (WHO) classification has greatly aided in the study of lupus nephritis. This class...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.med.45.1.525
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parallel and often unrelated developments in health care and technology have all been necessary to bring about early detection of lung cancer and the opportunity to decrease mortality from lung cancer through early detection of the disease by computed tomography. Lung cancer screening programs provide education for pa...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev-med-020917-053556
更新日期:2018-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiac late potentials are observed by using a high-resolution, computer-processed ECG that can detect very low-level signals not seen with standard ECG techniques. Numerous clinical studies have demonstrated that patients with low-level signals after the QRS complexes (late potentials) are at much higher risk of ven...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.me.43.020192.001105
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monoclonal antibodies of defined specificity can be produced using hybridoma technology. New attempts are being made to explore the potential of antibody therapy for cancer. Preliminary studies show that problems such as antigenic modulation, circulating free antigen, effector cell shortage, and host anti-mouse immuno...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.me.34.020183.000543
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Caffeine is the most widely consumed stimulant drug in the world. This chapter reviews the human pharmacology of caffeine; the evidence for its role in causing human disease, including addiction; and its potential usefulness as a therapeutic agent. ...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.me.41.020190.001425
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The surgical management of arterial occlusive disease of the lower extremities is reviewed, with emphasis on extra-anatomic and reoperative methods. Consideration is given to alternative interventional radiologic techniques, both as definitive therapy as well as in conjunction with conventional surgical reconstruction...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.me.36.020185.002445
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ketamine is the prototype for a new generation of glutamate-based antidepressants that rapidly alleviate depression within hours of treatment. Over the past decade, there has been replicated evidence demonstrating the rapid and potent antidepressant effects of ketamine in treatment-resistant depression. Moreover, prec...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev-med-053013-062946
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antipsychotic drugs (APDs) are best classified as typical or atypical. The distinction is based solely on their ability to cause extrapyramidal side effects (EPS), including tardive dyskinesia (TD). The two classes differ in mechanism of action, with atypical APDs providing important modulation of serotonergic neurotr...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev-med-050911-161504
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diastolic dysfunction is an important cause of the clinical syndrome of congestive heart failure. Traditionally, the syndrome of pulmonary congestion due to the elevation of left heart filling pressure has been attributed to the depressed ability of the heart to eject blood during systole, with a secondary increase in...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.me.42.020191.002211
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The eosinophil is characterized by specific cytoplasmic granules that contain a series of cationic toxins able to kill many targets, including helminths, protozoa, bacteria, and other cells. In bronchial asthma, considerable evidence exists that the eosinophil releases granule proteins, especially the major basic prot...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.me.44.020193.000505
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Significant progress has been made in identifying changes in cholinergic, monoaminergic, and peptidergic neurotransmitter systems in the brains of individuals with Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, neurobiological approaches are beginning to reveal the relationships between these neurotransmitter abnormalities and histol...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1146/annurev.me.36.020185.002025
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following the demonstration of the nature of the enzymatic defects in the sphingolipid storage disorders in the mid-1960s, consideration was directed to the development of therapy for patients with these conditions. High on the list of possibilities was enzyme supplementation or replacement. Many years of arduous inve...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.med.57.110104.115650
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::More than three decades of clinical experience in cardiac transplantation resulted in the spread of the procedure worldwide with a wealth of knowledge and advancements. Developments included liberalization of recipient and donor selection criteria, improved surgical techniques, novel immunosuppressive drugs and protoc...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.med.57.082704.130518
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome is a complication of many illnesses such as sepsis, pneumonia and trauma afflicting over 150,000 patients per year. While progress in intensive care medicine has increased the survival rates in many of these underlying illnesses, major obstacles remain in the successful therapy ...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.me.36.020185.001211
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro coculture studies of normal T lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, or monocytes with human hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) suggest a potential role for immune cells in the regulation of hematopoiesis. In some patients with severe aplastic anemia or selective pure red cell, white cell, or megakaryocyte...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.me.38.020187.000425
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Advances in our knowledge of the physiology of pain transmission and modulation have created new surgical options for the control of chronic pain. The pain modulation network can be activated by administration of spinal opiates or by electrical stimulation of the nervous system with transcutaneous, peripheral nerve, s...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.me.44.020193.001431
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic studies of autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (AD) revealed that β-amyloid is central to disease pathogenesis. However, amyloid-targeted therapies have generally failed to slow progression in patients with symptomatic disease. This result suggests a transition from an early amyloid-dependent phase to a lat...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1146/annurev-med-052919-120219
更新日期:2021-01-27 00:00:00
abstract::Collagenous and lymphocytic colitis are newly recognized causes of chronic watery diarrhea that typically affect middle-aged patients. Although endoscopic studies are normal, inflammatory changes and (in the case of collagenous colitis) collagen deposition occur histologically in the colonic mucosa. The pathogenesis o...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.med.45.1.105
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cystic diseases of the kidney are common, often progressive disorders. The best of several alternative hypotheses to explain their development cites tubular dilation and compression of adjacent tissue. The initiating event may involve focal proliferation of epithelial cells and a consequent increase in the resistance ...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.me.39.020188.001153
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::States of hypersecretion of PTH may occur primarily, or in response to other physiologic abnormalities. Primary hyperparathyroidism must be considered in the differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia, nephrolithiasis, metabolic bone disease, and pancreatitis and peptic-ulcer disease. The clinical manifestations of this ...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1146/annurev.me.28.020177.000551
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclosporine-A is primary therapy for organ transplantation. Its immunosuppressive effect might suggest a therapeutic role in autoimmune diseases, including several idiopathic and secondary glomerular conditions. Various forms of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, including focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), minim...
journal_title:Annual review of medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.med.50.1.1
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00