The biology of the eosinophilic leukocyte.

abstract：:New discoveries are expanding our knowledge of mechanisms involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) pathogenesis. Some recent advances in our understanding of motoneuron death in familial ALS (fALS) and sporadic ALS (sALS) are reviewed, with emphasis on molecular similarities that may further unite these phenoty...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Smith RG,Appel SH

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Monoclonal antibodies of defined specificity can be produced using hybridoma technology. New attempts are being made to explore the potential of antibody therapy for cancer. Preliminary studies show that problems such as antigenic modulation, circulating free antigen, effector cell shortage, and host anti-mouse immuno...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Levy R,Miller RA

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The HIV Prevention Trials Network 052 study (HPTN 052) was a clinical trial designed to determine whether early treatment for HIV infection prevented transmission of the virus in couples where one partner was infected with HIV and the other was not, referred to as HIV serodiscordant or serodifferent couples. The study...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Cohen MS,Gamble T,McCauley M

更新日期：2020-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Techniques of recombinant DNA and molecular biology have recently been applied to the study of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in human tissues and have enhanced our knowledge of viral persistence and chronic liver disease. These molecular studies strengthen previous epidemiologic evidence for an association between HBV chron...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Shafritz DA,Lieberman HM

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An effective host response to infection or tissue damage requires focal accumulation of leukocytes. Leukocyte adhesion to the vessel wall, a key step in this process, depends on the ordered expression of specific endothelial cell surface molecules. The endothelial molecules that support adhesion include selectins that...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Bevilacqua MP,Nelson RM,Mannori G,Cecconi O

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Deregulation of gene expression is a hallmark of cancer. Although genetic lesions have been the focus of cancer research for many years, it has become increasingly recognized that aberrant epigenetic modifications also play major roles in the tumorigenic process. These modifications are imposed on chromatin, do not ch...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Gal-Yam EN,Saito Y,Egger G,Jones PA

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The International HapMap Project produced a genome-wide database of human genetic variation for use in genetic association studies of common diseases. The initial output of these studies has been overwhelming, with over 150 risk loci identified in studies of more than 60 common diseases and traits. These associations ...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Manolio TA,Collins FS

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The past decade has witnessed profound increases in knowledge of the structure, function, and developmental regulation of the human globin genes. This information has deepened our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying inherited disorders affecting hemoglobin, and it has provided a new persp...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Stamatoyannopoulos JA,Nienhuis AW

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Atrial fibrillation is the most common dysrhythmia encountered in clinical practice. For some patients, satisfactory rate control is not possible by pharmacologic means. This led us to develop a surgical approach to its cure, which in turn has led to a deeper understanding of the electrophysiologic basis of atrial fib...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Cox JL,Sundt TM 3rd

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The surgical management of arterial occlusive disease of the lower extremities is reviewed, with emphasis on extra-anatomic and reoperative methods. Consideration is given to alternative interventional radiologic techniques, both as definitive therapy as well as in conjunction with conventional surgical reconstruction...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Whittemore AD,Couch NP,Mannick JA

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tuberculosis (TB) remains an important public health problem worldwide, resulting in a estimated 8 to 10 million new cases and 2 to 3 million deaths each year. Between 1953 and 1985, the number of TB cases in the US declined by an average of 6% per year. However, since 1985, TB has been increasing in the US. Approxima...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Huebner RE,Castro KG

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our understanding of the role of the immune system in modulating glomerular injury continues to evolve. The participation of antibody, complement, and neutrophils alone cannot completely explain many aspects of the pathways of experimental and human glomerulonephritis. The elements of the immune system that mediate ce...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Rovin BH,Schreiner GF

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidermolysis bullosa is a group of genetically determined diseases characterized by abnormal fragility of the skin and mucosa. In this chapter, we review current thinking about classification, pathogenesis, and molecular genetics, and we discuss management guidelines. ...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Lin AN,Carter DM

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Highly specialized mechanisms are required for transporting cobalamin (vitamin B12) into and out of mammalian cells. This review describes the key role of the cobalamin-binding proteins in meeting the stringent requirements for transport of this essential nutrient. Also summarized are the various defects capable of im...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Kapadia CR,Donaldson RM Jr

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The endothelium is a physical barrier between the blood and vascular smooth muscle, a source of enzymes activating and deactivating cardiovascular hormones and a site of production of relaxing and contracting factors. In addition, the endothelium is a source of growth inhibitors and promoters of vascular smooth muscle...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Lüscher TF,Tanner FC,Tschudi MR,Noll G

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The application of sensitive metabolic tests, such as the deoxyuridine suppression test and measurement of homocysteine and methylmalonic acid, to cobalamin status has identified the entity of mild, preclinical cobalamin deficiency. This state, common in the elderly, responds to cobalamin therapy. Preclinical deficien...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Carmel R

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preeclampsia, a major cause of fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality, may be difficult to distinguish clinically from other hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Signs helpful in its diagnosis include presentation during late gestation in a nullipara with edema and proteinuria, and one or more of the following: he...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Lindheimer MD,Katz AI

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD40 is a cell-surface member of the TNF (tumor necrosis factor) receptor superfamily. Upon activation, CD40 can license dendritic cells to promote antitumor T cell activation and re-educate macrophages to destroy tumor stroma. Numerous agonist CD40 antibodies of varying formulations have been evaluated in the clinic ...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Vonderheide RH

更新日期：2020-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The number of patients with end-stage heart failure (HF) continues to increase over time, but there has been little change in the availability of organs for cardiac transplantation, intensifying the demand for left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) as a bridge to transplantation. There is also a growing number of pat...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Miller RJH,Teuteberg JJ,Hunt SA

更新日期：2019-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute pancreatitis is not the cause but may be a complication of chronic pancreatitis. Different forms of chronic pancreatitis are described. The most frequent type in all climates, chronic calcifying pancreatitis, has different causes but similar pathological changes. It is a lithiasis in which a new family of molecu...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Sarles H,Bernard JP,Johnson C

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Until recently, platelet production was the least understood aspect of blood cell development. This gap in our understanding resulted from the scarcity of megakaryocytes, the marrow precursor of blood platelets, and from confusion surrounding the cytokines and hormones that support their development. The recent clonin...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Kaushansky K

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clonal populations of cells can be identified by a number of different independent approaches, including analyses of karyotype, gene rearrangements, deletions or point mutations, X-linked polymorphisms, and integration of virus into the genome. Assessment of clonality has yielded valuable and surprising clues to the p...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Gilliland DG,Blanchard KL,Bunn HF

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The selective distal splenorenal shunt has been shown to be equally as effective as total portal-systemic shunting procedures in the control of variceal hemorrhage and it can now be performed with an equivalent operative mortality. It is superior to other shunts in metabolic aspects and results in a markedly decreased...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Smith RB 3rd,Warren WD

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The basis of the current treatment of rectal cancer is a radical total mesorectal excision of the rectum, and although this provides excellent oncological control, it is associated with morbidity and functional problems in cancer survivors. Organ-preservation alternatives are local excision alone for very early tumors...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Beets GL,Figueiredo NF,Beets-Tan RG

更新日期：2017-01-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Kawasaki Syndrome is a newly recognized clinical entity characterized by multisystem involvement. It has an acute onset and a triphasic clinical course. Although essentially a self-limited disease, permanent vascular damage, especially involving the coronary arteries, may result. Pathologically the disease is characte...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Melish ME

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is a recently recognized autosomal-recessive trait characterized by recurrent bacterial infections, impaired pus formation and wound healing, and abnormalities in a wide spectrum of adherence-dependent functions of granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphoid cells. Features of this diseas...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Anderson DC,Springer TA

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The neuropeptide substance P modulates the activities of a number of different leukocytes that characterize both acute and delayed inflammatory responses. Substance P may play a role in the pathogenesis of such diverse diseases as arthritis, asthma, and inflammatory bowel disease. ...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Payan DG

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Physiologic thrombolysis is efficient, while pathologic aberrations in the fibrinolytic system may result in either thrombotic or hemorrhagic disease. This review considers the molecular interactions involved in fibrinolysis, discusses the normal control mechanisms that provide for localized activation without systemi...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Francis CW,Marder VJ

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diastolic dysfunction is an important cause of the clinical syndrome of congestive heart failure. Traditionally, the syndrome of pulmonary congestion due to the elevation of left heart filling pressure has been attributed to the depressed ability of the heart to eject blood during systole, with a secondary increase in...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Lorell BH

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:States of hypersecretion of PTH may occur primarily, or in response to other physiologic abnormalities. Primary hyperparathyroidism must be considered in the differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia, nephrolithiasis, metabolic bone disease, and pancreatitis and peptic-ulcer disease. The clinical manifestations of this ...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Bone HG 3rd,Snyder WH 3rd,Pak CY

更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00