Abstract:
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Chromium is an essential mineral for carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Results of previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses of chromium supplementation and metabolic profiles in diabetes have been inconsistent. Recently, several published trials have emerged. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effects on metabolic profiles and safety of chromium supplementation in diabetes mellitus. METHODS:Clinical trials were identified through MEDLINE, the Cochrane library, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus and www.clinicaltrial.gov up to May 2013. Historical search of reference lists of related articles was also conducted. Studies were included if they (i) were randomized controlled trials comparing chromium mono- or combined supplementation against placebo, (ii) reported HbA1c or fasting plasma glucose and (iii) were of at least 3 weeks when reporting fasting plasma glucose, or of at least 8 weeks if HbA1c was reported. No language restriction was imposed. Treatment effect and adverse events were estimated with mean difference and odds ratio, respectively. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:Twenty-five randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 22 studies evaluated chromium monosupplementation. One study evaluated chromium yeast combined with vitamins C and E, and two others evaluated chromium picolinate plus biotin (CPB). Overall, chromium mono- and combined supplementation significantly improved glycaemic control (mean difference for HbA1c -0·55%; 95% CI -0·88 to -0·22%; P = 0·001, mean difference for FPG -1·15 mm; 95% CI -1·84 to -0·47 mm; P = 0·001). In particular, chromium monotherapy significantly reduced triglycerides and increased HDL-C levels. The effects on glucose and triglycerides levels were shown especially with chromium picolinate. Glycaemic control may improve with chromium monosupplementation of more than 200 μg daily. HbA1c and FPG also improved in patients with inadequate glycaemic control at baseline. The risk of adverse events did not differ between chromium and placebo. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSIONS:The available evidence suggests favourable effects of chromium supplementation on glycaemic control in patients with diabetes. Chromium monosupplement may additionally improve triglycerides and HDL-C levels. Chromium supplementation at usual doses does not increase the risk of adverse events compared with placebo. Data on chromium combined supplementation are limited and inconclusive. Long-term benefit and safety of chromium supplementation remain to be further investigated.
journal_name
J Clin Pharm Therjournal_title
Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeuticsauthors
Suksomboon N,Poolsup N,Yuwanakorn Adoi
10.1111/jcpt.12147subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-06-01 00:00:00pages
292-306issue
3eissn
0269-4727issn
1365-2710journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章,meta分析,评审abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Glucocorticoid-induced diabetes mellitus (GIDM) increases the risk of diabetes mellitus (DM)-related complications but is generally difficult to detect in clinical settings. The criteria for diagnosing GIDM have not been established. Recently, medical information databases (MIDs) have been u...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12499
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Both metformin and acarbose are recommended monotherapy and add-on therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A fixed-dose combination (FDC) of acarbose and metformin has been developed to reduce pill burden and potentially improve compliance. The current study investigated the bioequivalen...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12166
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To report three cases of alopecia induced by the anticoagulant enoxaparin in cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) patients. CASE SUMMARY:Three female patients were treated initially with direct intrasinus urokinase, and then followed by low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) enoxaparin at 1 mg/kg given subcutaneous...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2006.00769.x
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of a novel, proprietary topical formulation of ibuprofen 5% gel (Ibugel) and ibuprofen 400 mg tablets (1200 mg daily) was compared in a double-blind, double-dummy, parallel group study in patients with acute soft tissue injuries. Patients received either active gel plus placebo tablets (n = 50) or active ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2710.2002.00439.x
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Otitis media occurs commonly in children, and is usually treated with an antibiotic. In this case report, amoxicillin was prescribed for a 6-year-old boy suffering from acute otitis media. As he had previously experienced a rash after the administration of a penicillin, the medication order was switched from amoxicill...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2710.2000.00268.x
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Edoxaban has three dose adjustment factors (creatinine clearance, 15-50 mL/min; body weight, 60 kg or less; and concomitant medication with potent P-glycoprotein inhibitors) to prevent bleeding that results from elevated blood concentrations of the drug. A dose reduction (from 60 to 30 mg/da...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.13065
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of age and co-medication on steady-state phenobarbital (PB) level-dose (L/D) ratios were evaluated retrospectively in 539 paediatric patients. The PB L/D ratio increased significantly with age up to 15 years. Associated anti-epileptic therapy affected the PB L/D ratio, which was significantly increased in ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.1992.tb01301.x
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of this study were: (a) to develop a drug serum level-based compliance measure which incorporated pharmacokinetic analysis of patient and drug parameters and to compare it to refill records, an indirect measure, and (b) to use that measure to determine whether pharmacist consultation increased complianc...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Enteric-coated, delayed-release divalproex sodium requires multiple daily administrations and high adherence rate to prevent breakthrough seizures and control adverse effects. We evaluated the effect of missing one or two doses of divalproex for up to 24 h, followed by replacement and resumptio...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2006.00739.x
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Budesonide, an oral glucocorticoid indicated for the treatment of Crohn's disease, rarely interferes with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis because more than 80% of it is metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes. CASE SUMMARY:A 33-year-old female patient diagnosed with Crohn's disease, ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type:
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12312
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Baking soda is a common household product promoted by the manufacturer as an antacid. It contains sodium bicarbonate and has the potential for significant toxicity when ingested in excessive amounts. Characterizing the patterns and outcomes from the misuse of baking soda as a home remedy can...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12113
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the safety and pharmacokinetics of bromotetrandrine (BrTet, W198), a novel inhibitor of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), after single-dose i.v. infusion in healthy Chinese volunteers. METHODS:We conducted a randomized, dose-escalating, phase I clinical study for that purpose. Thirty healthy subjects rec...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2009.01075.x
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lactic acidosis is a rare, yet life-threatening adverse drug effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), specifically stavudine and lamivudine. These nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are commonly used to treat patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HI...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2008.00977.x
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:The potential beneficial therapeutic effects of cannabinoid CB₁ receptor antagonists or partial agonists have driven drug discovery and development efforts and have led to clinical candidates. It is generally assumed that these compounds are CB₁ 'selective' and produce their effects exclusiv...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2011.01284.x
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Serum sialic acid is a recently investigated potential risk-marker for cardiovascular complications. There is a known association between sialic acid and cardiovascular complications in diabetes mellitus. We aimed to investigate the effect of antidiabetic drugs on the serum concentration of ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2009.01145.x
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Rutoside (rutin; quercetin rutinoside) is a glycoside found in various plant products, including apples, citrus fruits and cranberries. Hydroxyethylrutosides (HR) are semisynthetic derivatives sold as standardized products for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). Commercially...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12247
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:The use of prophylactic antibiotics in clean operations was routine in China before 2011. Along with the appeal for using antibiotics rationally by WHO in 2011, China launched a national special rectification scheme on clinical use of antibiotics from April that year. The scheme, aimed at ac...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12275
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Carvedilol is the standard of care for heart failure (HF) patients. Carvedilol is partially metabolized by the highly polymorphic enzyme, CYP2D6. To reach an effective dose while avoiding adverse drug reactions (ADRs), testing of CYP2D6 genotype prior to carvedilol initiation may be consider...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12154
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Niacin commonly causes cutaneous flushing, which is partially alleviated by laropiprant, a selective antagonist of prostaglandin D2 at the DP1 receptor. Here we report an unusually high incidence of exanthematous eruption associated with the use of the extended-release (ER) niacin/laropipran...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12096
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nephrotoxicity is less common than hepatotoxicity in paracetamol overdose but renal tubular damage and acute renal failure occur even in the absence of hepatotoxicity. It is possible that antidotal therapy with agents such as N-acetylcysteine may not prevent renal toxicity and, indeed, on the basis of animal work, may...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.1993.tb00560.x
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Two NS3/4A protease inhibitors (PIs), telaprevir and boceprevir, were recently approved in the United States. The primary objective was to compare the efficacy and safety of triple therapies including either PI to dual therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 1; the secondary ob...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12106
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The treatment of home-based cancer patients with continuous infusion chemotherapy requires that complete courses of medication in pre-filled syringes are provided on an out-patient basis. The infusion must remain stable prior to use during refrigerated storage (up to 14 days) and during infusion from holster-worn ambu...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.1988.tb00185.x
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-blocking agents are increasingly used in the management of refractory rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although effective, they are associated with rare but potentially fatal adverse effects, including interstitial lung disease (ILD). In patients with pre-existing ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2010.01234.x
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Lemierre's syndrome is often misdiagnosed as a common cold or viral infection. Fusobacterium necrophorum is the most common causative organism. The recommended treatment regimen is 6 weeks of a beta-lactam antibiotic along with metronidazole. CASE DESCRIPTION:We present two cases of Lemierr...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type:
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12774
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of this review is to evaluate and summarize the available scientific information on the commonest plant extracts marketed in Western countries. In view of the intense, ongoing search for new plant extracts with powerful anti-inflammatory activity, we paid particular attention to this topic. The aim is...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2009.01096.x
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The role of long-term glycaemic control in minimizing long-term complications of diabetes mellitus is evidence-based and national guidelines recommend a target glycosylated haemoglobin level of approximately 7%. Although the role of self-monitoring blood and urine glucose is less well defined, this activity ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2004.00555.x
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Aloe vera (Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f., Xanthorrhoeaceae family) has long been used in folk or traditional medicine for diabetes. Several studies have been conducted on the effect of Aloe vera on glycaemic control, but the results appear inconsistent. We undertook a systematic review and meta-ana...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12382
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVES:Different population pharmacokinetics (PPK) models of tacrolimus have been established in various populations. However, the tacrolimus PPK model in paediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (PSLE) is still undefined. This study aimed to establish the tacrolimus PPK model in Chinese PSLE. MET...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12707
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To dose the anticonvulsant phenytoin (PHT) in a clinical situation is difficult because of the non-linear metabolism of the drug. Therefore many techniques have been advocated to aid dosage adjustments based on a single-point PHT concentration determined at steady-state (ss). We retrospectively investigated six method...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.1988.tb00196.x
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the contribution of patient and doctor characteristics in explaining observed variations in prescribing costs between individual doctors. METHOD:Secondary analysis of data collected from general practitioners, Family Health Services Authorities, 1991 Census data set and the Prescription Pricin...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2710.2001.00371.x
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00