Snus use and rejection in the USA.

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe variation in Tobacco Institute (TI) lobbying expenditures across states and test whether these expenditures vary in relationship to measures of tobacco control activity at the state level. INDEPENDENT VARIABLE:Data for this study came from the TI's State Activities Division (SAD) annual budgets f...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Morley CP,Cummings KM,Hyland A,Giovino GA,Horan JK

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Electronic cigarettes (ECIGs) aerosolise a liquid that usually contains propylene glycol and/or vegetable glycerine, flavourants and the dependence-producing drug, nicotine, in various concentrations. This laboratory study examined the relationship between liquid nicotine concentration and plasma nicotine ...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Ramôa CP,Hiler MM,Spindle TR,Lopez AA,Karaoghlanian N,Lipato T,Breland AB,Shihadeh A,Eissenberg T

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Current legislative language requires the California Department of Public Health, California Tobacco Control Program, to evaluate the effectiveness of the school-based Tobacco Use Prevention Education (TUPE) programme in California every 2 years. The objective of the study was to measure change and to identi...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Park HY,Dent C,Abramsohn E,Dietsch B,McCarthy WJ

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:'The Holy See cannot be cooperating with a practice that is clearly harming the health of people'. This is the reason behind Pope Francis banning the sale of tobacco products inside the Vatican in January 2018. Just outside the Holy See, in Italy, cigarette sales produce around €13 billion of fiscal revenues every yea...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Gallus S,Cattaruzza MS,Gorini G,Faggiano F,Italian Tobacco Endgame Group.

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Cigarette consumption has declined in the USA. However, cigar consumption has increased. This may be due in part to some cigarette smokers switching to filtered cigars as a less expensive substitute for cigarettes. Additionally, some cigarette smokers may perceive and consume little filtered cigars as ciga...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Casseus M,Garmon J,Hrywna M,Delnevo CD

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This paper examines the tobacco industry's efforts to influence litigation by sponsoring judicial seminars. METHODS:Thousands of internal tobacco documents were examined, including memos, reports, presentations, and newsletters. Connections to outside organisations were corroborated by examining tobacco ind...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Friedman LC

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In countries banning advertising and display of tobacco at point-of-sale, little is known about tobacco companies' continuing promotion of products through incentives and benefits to retailers. METHOD:A telephone survey of 4527 randomly selected Australian retailers was conducted in August 2018, and identif...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Watts C,Burton S,Freeman B,Phillips F,Kennington K,Scollo M,Lindorff K,Egger S

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:There is a concern that waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) can lead to the later initiation of cigarette smoking, a concept referred to as the 'gateway theory'. The objective of the study was to systematically review the literature for the association of WTS with later initiation of cigarette smoking. METHOD...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Al Oweini D,Jawad M,Akl EA

更新日期：2019-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine if premature discharge from the US Air Force was associated with the smoking status of recruits. DESIGN AND SETTING:A total of 29 044 US Air Force personnel recruited from August 1995 to August 1996 were administered baseline behavioural risk assessment surveys during basic military training. Th...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Klesges RC,Haddock CK,Chang CF,Talcott GW,Lando HA

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To examine smoking behaviours in Taiwan and compare those behaviours to those in the USA. METHODS:Using the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) of Taiwan (2001), a survey of over 20 000 participants, frequencies were calculated for smoking, ex-smoking, quantity smoked, and exposure to environmental tobacco...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Wen CP,Levy DT,Cheng TY,Hsu CC,Tsai SP

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) is a serious public health threat and represents a preventable cause of morbidity among children. Sleep bruxism is characterised by teeth grinding or clenching movements during sleep and may begin in adulthood as well as in childhood. OBJECTIVES:To investigate the associat...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Montaldo L,Montaldo P,Caredda E,D'Arco A

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess adults' receptivity to the Massachusetts television anti-tobacco campaign. Reactions were examined as a function of respondents' demographics, baseline tobacco control attitudes, changes in smoking status during the campaign, and advertisements' affective qualities. DESIGN:A random digit dial telep...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Biener L,McCallum-Keeler G,Nyman AL

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:With the male smoking prevalence near 60% in 1991, Thailand was one of the first Asian nations to implement strict tobacco control policies. However, the success of their efforts has not been well documented. METHODS:The role of tobacco control policies are examined using the "SimSmoke" tobacco control mode...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Levy DT,Benjakul S,Ross H,Ritthiphakdee B

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To collect available international data on nicotine dependence as defined by the Fagerström Test of Nicotine Dependence, and to compare levels of dependence among countries and categories of smokers. DATA SOURCES:Published and unpublished studies known to the authors and a search of EMBASE from 1985-1995. ...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Fagerström KO,Kunze M,Schoberberger R,Breslau N,Hughes JR,Hurt RD,Puska P,Ramström L,Zatoński W

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the prevalence and correlates of cigarette smoking among adults in high mountain rural areas of northern Pakistan. DESIGN:Cross sectional survey. PARTICIPANTS:A sample of 4203 adults (aged 18 years and over) were selected by stratified random sampling from 16 villages. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE:Sel...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Shah SM,Arif AA,Delclos GL,Khan AR,Khan A

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether development of smokeless tobacco products (SLT) is intended to target current smokers. METHODS:This study analysed internal tobacco industry documents to describe research related to the smokeless tobacco market. Relevant documents included those detailing the development and targeting...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Carpenter CM,Connolly GN,Ayo-Yusuf OA,Wayne GF

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Pictorial health warnings are more effective than text warnings in enhancing motivation to quit and not to start smoking among youth. In Lebanon, packs still have only a very small text warning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the perceived effectiveness of pictorial health warnings on cigarette packs ...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Alaouie H,Afifi RA,Haddad P,Mahfoud Z,Nakkash R

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Survivors and victims of tobacco-related diseases can and should play significant roles in tobacco control advocacy efforts. This article describes one example of how to successfully incorporate their talents into a statewide programme. ...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Mathew M,Goldstein AO,Hampton K

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To address observations that the smoking identities of youth are valid descriptors of their smoking behaviour, we examined the relationships between self-reported smoking identities, perceived levels of addiction, and established taxonomies of smoking behaviour of youth. METHOD:Cross-sectional data were coll...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Okoli CT,Richardson CG,Ratner PA,Johnson JL

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:There is a growing body of knowledge about the pregnant smoker and what happens as she goes through the pregnancy and postpartum periods. This article reviews the process of smoking cessation in the context of pregnancy. DATA SOURCES:Epidemiological data, extant reviews of the literature, and current origina...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： DiClemente CC,Dolan-Mullen P,Windsor RA

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cigarette butts and other postconsumer products from tobacco use are the most common waste elements picked up worldwide each year during environmental cleanups. Under the environmental principle of Extended Producer Responsibility, tobacco product manufacturers may be held responsible for collection, transport, proces...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Curtis C,Novotny TE,Lee K,Freiberg M,McLaughlin I

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Few studies have examined the impact of tobacco tax and price policies in China. In addition, very little is known about the differential responses to tax and price increases based on socioeconomic status in China. OBJECTIVE:To estimate the conditional cigarette consumption price elasticity among adult urba...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Huang J,Zheng R,Chaloupka FJ,Fong GT,Jiang Y

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To review evidence on the impact of health warning messages on tobacco packages. DATA SOURCES:Articles were identified through electronic databases of published articles, as well as relevant 'grey' literature using the following keywords: health warning, health message, health communication, label and labell...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Hammond D

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To characterise the relative amount and type of daily newspaper, local and national TV newscast, and national news magazine coverage of tobacco control issues in the United States in 2002 and 2003. DESIGN:Content analysis of daily newspapers, news magazines, and TV newscasts. SUBJECTS:Items about tobacco in...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Long M,Slater MD,Lysengen L

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In Australia, smoking prevalence has declined in men since the 1950s and in women since the 1980s. Future smoking prevalence in Australia is predicted from estimates of previous and current age-specific and sex-specific cessation rates and smoking uptake in young people derived from national survey data on t...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Gartner CE,Barendregt JJ,Hall WD

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Tobacco control policies focused on the retail environment have the potential to reduce tobacco use and tobacco-related health disparities through increasing direct and indirect costs. Recently, national and subnational governments have begun to restrict the sale of menthol products and reduce tobacco reta...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Combs TB,McKay VR,Ornstein J,Mahoney M,Cork K,Brosi D,Kasman M,Heuberger B,Hammond RA,Luke D

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To analyse the dynamics of smoking prevalence, initiation, and cessation in relation to sex, age, birth cohort, study year, and educational level. DESIGN:Six independent cross-sectional population surveys repeated every five years between 1972 and 1997. SETTING:The provinces of North Karelia and Kuopio in e...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Laaksonen M,Uutela A,Vartiainen E,Jousilahti P,Helakorpi S,Puska P

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study assessed renters' preferences for official smoking policies in their buildings and their practices concerning restricting tobacco smoking in their apartments. DESIGN:Renters (n = 301) living in large apartment complexes in a suburb of Minneapolis, Minnesota, completed a mail survey. MAIN OUTCOME ...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Hennrikus D,Pentel PR,Sandell SD

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:China is home to the greatest number of smokers as well as the greatest number of smoking-related deaths. An active and growing market of cigarettes marketed as 'light' or 'low tar' may keep health-concerned smokers from quitting, wrongly believing that such brands are less harmful. OBJECTIVE:This study sou...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Schneller LM,Zwierzchowski BA,Caruso RV,Li Q,Yuan J,Fong GT,O'Connor RJ

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Brazil has experienced a large decline in smoking prevalence due to several tobacco control policies that were implemented in the past 25 years. Previous population-wide studies found a consistent reduction over time in daily cigarette consumption among all socioeconomic groups. OBJECTIVE:To examine changes...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Szklo AS,de Souza MC,Szklo M,de Almeida LM

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00