The process of pregnancy smoking cessation: implications for interventions.

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The purpose was to determine filter ventilation and the nicotine content of tobacco and their contribution to machine-smoked yields of cigarettes from the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. METHODS:Ninety-two brands of cigarettes (32 American, 23 Canadian, and 37 British brands) were purchased a...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Kozlowski LT,Mehta NY,Sweeney CT,Schwartz SS,Vogler GP,Jarvis MJ,West RJ

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A large percentage of the population continues to be exposed to secondhand smoke (SHS). Although studies have consistently linked active smoking to various pregnancy outcomes, results from the few studies examining SHS exposure and pregnancy difficulties have been inconsistent. METHODS:Approximately 4800 wo...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Peppone LJ,Piazza KM,Mahoney MC,Morrow GR,Mustian KM,Palesh OG,Hyland A

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of flavoured tobacco product restriction policies in reducing availability of flavoured products in Massachusetts communities. METHODS:Data were obtained from surveys of tobacco retailers conducted from July 2015 to March 2017. On a community level, flavoured pr...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Kingsley M,Song G,Robertson J,Henley P,Ursprung WWS

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate the proportion of countries/territories that allow sales of tobacco products and electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) in community pharmacies. METHODS:International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) member organisations were contacted by email and asked to respond to a two-item survey assess...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Hudmon KS,Elkhadragy N,Kusynová Z,Besançon L,Brock TP,Corelli RL

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:New health warnings and contents labelling on tobacco products were introduced in Australia in 1995. OBJECTIVE:To assess awareness of the new warnings at a time when a mix of packs with old and new warnings were being sold and on changes in relevant knowledge and attitudes from shortly before the implementa...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Borland R,Hill D

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Observational studies and a few clinical trials suggest that use of low nitrosamine smokeless tobacco (snus) can facilitate smoking cessation. To better understand the real-world impact of snus on smoking behaviour, a large-scale, long-term clinical trial of naturalistic snus use among smokers is needed. ST...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Carpenter MJ,Wahlquist AE,Burris JL,Gray KM,Garrett-Mayer E,Cummings KM,Alberg AJ

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Counter-advertising contests, in which children are encouraged to submit artwork promoting awareness about the harmful effects of smoking, provide an effective form of education. ...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Davis RM

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To review the available literature evaluating electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) nicotine clinical pharmacology in order to understand the potential impact of e-cigarettes on individual users, nicotine dependence and public health. METHODS:Literature searches were conducted between 1 October 2012 and 30 Sept...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Schroeder MJ,Hoffman AC

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study the incidence of conversion to tobacco dependence (TD) and the prevalence of the TD state in relation to several potential determinants in a sample of adolescent smokers. METHODS:Questionnaires were administered every 3-4 months to document TD symptoms, amount of cigarette consumption, and depressio...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Karp I,O'Loughlin J,Hanley J,Tyndale RF,Paradis G

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine occupational differences in workplace exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) among young adults in California. METHODS:Data are taken from the 2014 Bay Area Young Adult Health Survey, a probabilistic multimode cross-sectional household survey of young adults, aged 18-26, in Alameda and San Francisco C...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Holmes LM,Ling PM

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the impact of smoking on the wealth of US young baby boomers. METHODOLOGY:The research analyses self reported responses of both smoking habits and wealth holdings from a nationally representative sample of US individuals born between 1957 to 1964 (n = 8908). Data are from four waves (1984, 199...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Zagorsky JL

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Pakistan has a large population of tobacco users, with about 24 million adults consuming tobacco products in one form or another. There is a dearth of research on the impact of a reduction in tobacco use on Pakistan's economy which can inform policy-makers on the extent that tobacco control measures would af...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Saleem W,Iqbal MA

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIM:Recommended retail price (RRP) is a marketing strategy used by tobacco companies to maintain competitiveness, communicate product positioning and drive sales. We explored small retailer adherence to RRP before and after the introduction of the Standardised Packaging of Tobacco Products Regulations in the UK (fully ...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Critchlow N,Stead M,Moodie C,Angus K,Eadie D,MacKintosh AM

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Long-term success for any tobacco endgame is contingent not only on acquiring political will, but also on sustaining it over a long period of time, perhaps even for decades. Future cohorts of public health professionals with knowledge of tobacco issues are therefore needed to carry on with the endgame strategy (should...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Tam J

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The Standardized Tobacco Assessment for Retail Settings (STARS) was designed to characterise the availability, placement, promotion and price of tobacco products, with items chosen for relevance to regulating the retail tobacco environment. This study describes the process to develop the STARS instrument and ...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Henriksen L,Ribisl KM,Rogers T,Moreland-Russell S,Barker DM,Sarris Esquivel N,Loomis B,Crew E,Combs T

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Waterpipe smoking using sweetened, flavoured tobacco products has become a widespread global phenomenon. In this paper, we review chemical, physical and biological properties of waterpipe smoke. DATA SOURCES:Peer-reviewed publications indexed in major databases between 1991 and 2014. Search keywords include...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Shihadeh A,Schubert J,Klaiany J,El Sabban M,Luch A,Saliba NA

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess tobacco promotion intensity, retailer behaviours and tobacco company efforts to link retailer marketing to online channels. METHODS:We completed an audit of tobacco advertisements and promotions at 1000 randomly selected cigarette retailers in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia that included an observation ...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Astuti PAS,Kurniasari NMD,Mulyawan KH,Sebayang SK,Freeman B

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the efficacy of designated "no smoking" areas in the hospitality industry as a means of providing protection from environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), and whether certain design features assist in achieving this end. METHODOLOGY:In the greater metropolitan region of Sydney, a representative group ...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Cains T,Cannata S,Poulos R,Ferson MJ,Stewart BW

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Package quantity refers to the number of cigarettes or amount of other tobacco product in a package. Many countries restrict minimum cigarette package quantities to avoid low-cost packs that may lower barriers to youth smoking. METHODS:We reviewed Truth Tobacco Industry Documents to understand tobacco com...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Persoskie A,Donaldson EA,Ryant C

更新日期：2018-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the smoking-related knowledge and attitudes of senior medical students and to compare knowledge and attitude changes in students exposed to four different smoking cessation skills training interventions. DESIGN:A survey questionnaire, assessing knowledge and attitudes, was administered pre- and pos...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Roche AM,Eccleston P,Jordan D

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Smoke-free policies have been extended to enclosed workplaces in many countries; however, smoking continues to be commonly allowed on psychiatric premises. The aim of this study was to describe tobacco control strategies undertaken in psychiatric inpatient services and day centres in Spain. METHODS:This c...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Ballbè M,Nieva G,Mondon S,Pinet C,Bruguera E,Saltó E,Fernández E,Gual A,Smoking and Mental Health Group.

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This paper examined how a higher tax on tobacco would affect illicit trade in Vietnam. METHODOLOGY AND DATA:This paper used the gap method to estimate the gap between cigarette domestically tax-paid sales and domestic consumption. Data were from the tax-paid sales by the Vietnam Steering Committee on Smokin...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Nguyen HTT,Giang LT,Pham TN

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To estimate the gender-specific risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease according to smoking status and time since smoking cessation among former smokers in Japan. DESIGN:Prospective study. SETTING:140,026 males and 156,810 females aged 40-79 years who participated in one of three cohort studies cond...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Honjo K,Iso H,Tsugane S,Tamakoshi A,Satoh H,Tajima K,Suzuki T,Sobue T

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the prevalence and correlates of cigarette smoking among adults in high mountain rural areas of northern Pakistan. DESIGN:Cross sectional survey. PARTICIPANTS:A sample of 4203 adults (aged 18 years and over) were selected by stratified random sampling from 16 villages. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE:Sel...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Shah SM,Arif AA,Delclos GL,Khan AR,Khan A

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:High smoking prevalence rates, combined with a steep tax on tobacco and lower household income, mean that 5% of Māori (indigenous) whānau (family unit) expenditure in New Zealand is on tobacco. This paper outlines whānau perceptions of, and behavioural responses to, increasing tobacco tax. METHODS:This quali...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Gifford H,Waa A,Cvitanovic L,Potaka-Osborne G,Kerehoma-Cook A

更新日期：2021-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the extent to which smokers and non-smokers in Victoria, Australia attempt to keep their homes smoke free and to determine whether the proportion of people attempting to do so has changed over time. DESIGN:Face to face surveys conducted in Victoria each year from 1989 to 1997. PARTICIPANTS:Approxi...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Borland R,Mullins R,Trotter L,White V

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:China is home to the greatest number of smokers as well as the greatest number of smoking-related deaths. An active and growing market of cigarettes marketed as 'light' or 'low tar' may keep health-concerned smokers from quitting, wrongly believing that such brands are less harmful. OBJECTIVE:This study sou...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Schneller LM,Zwierzchowski BA,Caruso RV,Li Q,Yuan J,Fong GT,O'Connor RJ

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine how information on chemical constituents of different smokeless tobacco products (STPs) may be used in cancer risk assessment for regulatory purposes. METHODS:This study investigated select STP constituents potentially associated with significant cancer risk by applying a known toxicological ris...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Ayo-Yusuf OA,Connolly GN

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:'The Holy See cannot be cooperating with a practice that is clearly harming the health of people'. This is the reason behind Pope Francis banning the sale of tobacco products inside the Vatican in January 2018. Just outside the Holy See, in Italy, cigarette sales produce around €13 billion of fiscal revenues every yea...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Gallus S,Cattaruzza MS,Gorini G,Faggiano F,Italian Tobacco Endgame Group.

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study examined the impact of pictorial cigarette-warning labels, warning-label message framing and plain cigarette packaging, on young adult smokers' motivation to quit. METHODS:Smokers aged 18-30 years (n=740) from a consumer research panel were randomised to one of four experimental conditions where t...

journal_title：Tobacco control

authors： Mays D,Niaura RS,Evans WD,Hammond D,Luta G,Tercyak KP

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00