Abstract:
:The purpose of this presentation was to demonstrate that the red blood cell is not a hapless sac of hemoglobin and that much research is still needed for better understanding of its complexities. After a brief historical introduction the following subjects are presented: 1). Phosphofructokinase is the rate limiting step in the anaerobic glycolytic pathway. Ribose-5-phosphate, a metabolite of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway is essential for the generation of phosphoribosylpyrophosphate which in turn is needed for the synthesis of adenosine monophosphate from adenine by the action of adenine phosphoribosyl transferase. 2). There are at least 17 blood group systems with more than 400 epitopes expressed on the red cell membrane. The Rh null and the McLeod phenotypes associated with abnormally shaped red cells and hemolytic anemia are briefly described as is the present understanding of the nature of the Rh complex. 3). The structure of the cytoskeleton and the composition and behavior of the lipid bilayer are presented with some discussion of the MN and Ss sialoglycoproteins and the Leach phenotype. 4). Touched upon is the role of phosphoinositides with some emphasis on recent discoveries relating to the glycophosphoinositide protein anchor. 5). The intricacies of the many faceted transport mechanisms are introduced. Briefly mentioned are the mechanisms activated when regulatory volume adjustments occur in fine tuning red cell volume after exposure respectively to hypotonic or hypertonic stress. Sufficient evidence is presented to convince that a cell doesn't have to have a nucleus to be respected even though it is just a corpuscle.
journal_name
Immunol Investjournal_title
Immunological investigationsauthors
Greenwalt TJdoi
10.3109/08820139509062760subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-01-01 00:00:00pages
3-21issue
1-2eissn
0882-0139issn
1532-4311journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::This study investigated the intestinal anti-inflammatory action of ginsenoside Rf in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the intestinal tract. It is associated with elevated levels of various inflammatory mediators, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis fa...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139.2016.1168830
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The processing of antigenic peptides for presentation by MHC molecules to T cells, may depend upon the function of a second, consensus sequence in or near the T cell-presented epitope. One such processing-regulating sequence appears to be composed of amino acids Leu, Ile, Val, Phe, and Met recurring in a fashion to fo...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139309066191
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) plays an important role in the development of periodontitis. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate association of the MCP-1 gene polymorphism with chronic periodontitis in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). One hundred fifty ESRD patients with chronic ...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08820139.2019.1702052
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two cell lines secreting Paul-Bunnell antibodies were established by means of Epstein-Barr virus-induced immortalization of B lymphocytes from patients with infectious mononucleosis. Progressive loss of antibody production, most probably due to a shutdown of antibody secretion by individual cells was, however, observe...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820138609052952
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transferrin receptor (TR), the HLA DR antigen (DR), and the antigen binding OKT10 (T10) are present on activated lymphocyte populations. The authors have studied their expression and that of antigens defined by eight commercial monoclonal antibodies on peripheral blood lymphocytes of 50 healthy hospital workers ag...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820138709087089
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using antigen-induced proliferation assay the presence of macrophages was found to be essential for the development of the T cell response. Decreased ability of antigen presentation by macrophages from aged A/J mice was detected. ...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820138509042005
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was conducted to evaluate the adjuvant potential of sulfated Radix Cyathulae officinalis Kuan polysaccharides (sRCPS) and their effects on specific cellular and humoral immune responses to hepatitis B subunit vaccine in mice. Our data demonstrated that sRCPS significantly promoted the rHBsAg-specific IgG, I...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139.2015.1009546
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rat small intestinal epithelial cell (enterocyte) has an average life span of 48h. Undifferentiated stem cells in the lower crypt region undergo division and differentiation into enterocytes as the cell moves on a basement membrane up the villus to reach the tip and be extruded into the lumen. The mechanism of thi...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820138909112253
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is characterized by dysregulated inflammatory response in the airways. CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells play a crucial role in maintaining the immune homeostasis. However their role in the disease pathogenesis of CF remains unexplored. AIM:To determine the percentage of cir...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139.2014.888447
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Results of recent studies indicated that a monoclonal ART18 antibody recognizes the receptor sites or closely related structures for IL-2 on activated rat T-cells. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II (Ia) antigens (RT1B and RT1D in rat), detected with OX6 antibody, and OX17 antibody, may be present on ...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820138709087087
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bacterial superantigen Staphylococcal enterotoxin-A (SEA), produced by some strains of Staphylococcus aureus, causes proliferation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and cytokine production in vivo. SEA has been shown to be highly efficient for antibody-targeted superantegen immunotherapy for different tumor models. A can...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/imm-120003218
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the blocking ability of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in enzyme immunoassays by coating polystyrene microtiter wells with PVA of different molecular weights (MW) and percent hydrolysis (%Hyd). Blocking ability was measured by the differences in non-specific binding of an anti-rabbit IgG-horseradish peroxidase ...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139409066836
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Changes in cytokine expression have been frequently found in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Cytokine values outside the normal range may be somewhat related to common polymorphisms within cytokine genes. OBJECTIVE:The present study was designed to investigate the possible association betwee...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08820139.2017.1360343
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seven commercially available intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) preparations, a gamma globulin prepared by ethanol fractionation, and an experimental IgG isolated by a chromatographic procedure were compared in several tests. Split products were present in preparations manufactured by procedures involving protease tre...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820138809055724
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mannan binding lectin (MBL) deficiency has been associated with increased susceptibility to vaginitis in humans due to Candida albicans. In these studies we assessed the utility of recombinant human MBL (rhMBL) as a therapeutic against experimental C. albicans vaginitis. After intravenous treatment of uninfected mice ...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139.2011.569627
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Champedak (Artocarpus integer) lectin-M is a lectin with high specificity and affinity for the core-mannosyl residues of the N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins. We have studied the interaction of the champedak seed lectin with human serum glycoproteins that were resolved by 2-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophore...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/imm-100104021
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate whether phospholipase D1 (PLD1) is involved in autoimmune damage to the eyes, we used Western blotting and immunohistochemistry to examine the expression and distribution of PLD1 in the retinas of Lewis rats with experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU). Western blot analysis showed that the level of...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the last 15 years, it has become apparent that ovarian cancer is recognized by the immune system, taking into account that T cell infiltration can be associated with increased overall survival. Several studies indicate that a correct combination of cluster of differentiation 8 and cluster of differentiation 4 T cel...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/08820139.2016.1186689
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have examined the effect which xenogeneic anti-Ig has on rabbit B cell function and Ig expression in an effort to understand the phenomenon of antibody mediated suppression. Treatment of rabbit lymphocyte cultures with xenogeneic anti-rabbit Ig causes 2.5-3.8 fold decrease in the level of Ig secreting cells with li...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139109054924
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hematological disorders like Aplastic anemia are quite frequent in Pakistan. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system, have been implicated in the development of Aplastic anemia in various population-based studies, The aim of this study was to determine the role of the HLA Class I and Class II alleles in genetic susceptib...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820130903271415
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we aimed to explore the association among gene variants of five cytokines, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10), and clinical parameters and prognosis in patients with multiple myeloma ...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08820139.2016.1208219
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the T cell costimulatory molecules CD2 and CD28 are enriched within the immunological synapse (IS), it has been suggested that costimulatory molecules need not be localized to the contact site between a T cell and an antigen-presenting cell (APC) in order to costimulate T cell activation. To determine whether...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08820130701555035
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we examined a panel of CD4+ antigen specific/MHC restricted T cell clones for their ability to secrete IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-gamma upon stimulation with con A, three lymphokines which are diagnostic for the TH1 and TH2 subtypes of helper T cells. Eight of the twelve clones we analyzed did not fit the class...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139109054925
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cardinal features of asthma include pulmonary inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Classically, asthma, specifically allergic asthma, has been attributed to a hyperactive Th2 cell immune response. However, the Th2 cell-mediated inflammation model has failed to adequately explain many of the clinical ...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/08820131003615498
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prenatal mortality due to loss of lymphocyte-promoted endometrial angiogenesis is being investigated as a major cause of litter reductions during pregnancy in pigs. This review discusses immune mechanisms influencing porcine endometrial angiogenesis as well as additional signalling molecules that may play important ro...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/08820130802191540
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin-31 (IL-31) has diverse biological functions. Increased IL-31 has been found in some skin and autoimmune diseases. There has been no study reporting the association between IL-31 and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). This study was designed to determine serum IL-31 level and to explore its diagnostic value...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/08820139.2020.1785490
更新日期:2020-07-02 00:00:00
abstract::The contribution of interleukin-2 (IL-2)-responsive bystander cells to the proliferative responses of human peripheral blood T lymphocytes to antigens used for sensitization such as Purified Protein Derivative (PPD), Tetanus toxoid (T T) and Influenza virus was investigated. Marked proliferation of the unfractionated ...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820138809055720
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antiviral activity of cell-associated, non-elutable recombinant human gamma interferon (rHuIFN-gamma) was neutralized by antibody. The neutralization of cell-associated rHuIFN-gamma was maximal through 2 h (60-100%) and declined through 8 h (20-40%). Concomitantly, the antiviral activity of cell-associated [Met-Gl...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139009052977
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cortical (immature) thymocytes are widely reported to express intermediate to high levels of receptors for the lectin, peanut agglutinin (PNA). Light-scatter studies of murine fetal thymocytes stained with PNA or anti-mouse CD4 and CD8 monoclonal antibodies indicated, however, that the most immature CD4-8- (DN) thymoc...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820139309084180
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This preliminary study examined the effects of immunization with Bacteroides macacae, the monkey equivalent of the human species of B. gingivalis on ligature-induced periodontitis. During a 12 week immunization period, 8 out of the 12 Macacae fasicularis monkeys were immunized weekly with B. macacae washed cells and 4...
journal_title:Immunological investigations
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/08820138909112239
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00