Abstract：
:The reporting of physical symptoms is influenced to a large degree by psychological processes. Individuals are more likely to notice subtle sensations in environments lacking in stimulation than those demanding external attention. The beliefs or schemas that people hold dictate where and how they attend to their bodies as well. These normal perceptual processes help explain why people are often poor at accurately detecting internal physiological activity. Several individual differences are also related to the symptom reporting process. Females are more likely to base their symptom reports on external situational cues than are males. In addition, individuals with chronic anxiety--those high in Negative Affectivity (NA)--report more symptoms than those low in NA. Finally, individuals, who have had traumatic experiences, either in childhood or within 1-6 months prior to a major symptom reporting episode, tend to be high symptom reporters. Several recommendations are made to help researchers and clinicians distinguish between psychological or perceptual factors with presumed biological effects. One implication of this work is that MCS and allied syndromes should be viewed as both a mental and a physical health problem.
journal_name
Toxicol Ind Healthjournal_title
Toxicology and industrial healthauthors
Pennebaker JWsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-07-01 00:00:00pages
497-511issue
4-5eissn
0748-2337issn
1477-0393journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Lead is a heavy metal that affects various systems and organs in the body, especially the nervous system. In this study, the in vivo and in vitro effects of lead on neurons were analyzed. We divided mouse pups into three groups based on the concentration of lead exposure: the control group, the low-dose group, and the...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233717732902
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Organophosphate poisoning is a life-threatening condition, which is being responsible for the symptoms due to cholinergic effects. Clinical status and blood levels of cholinesterase are used its diagnosis. While atropine and pralidoxime (PAM) appear as essential medications, hemofiltration treatments and lipid solutio...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233712462478
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the last few decades the need for new approaches to assess DNA damage has been increasing due to the implications that different insults on genetic material may have on human health. In this context, the identification of how chemical agents with different mechanisms of action (i.e., antineoplastic drugs) damage DN...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1191/0748233705th224oa
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Retinyl esters are the storage form of vitamin A in skin, and retinyl palmitate (RP) accounts for the majority of the retinyl esters endogenously formed in skin. RP is also obtained exogenously through the topical application of cosmetic and skin care products that contain RP. There is limited information on the penet...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1191/0748233706th253oa
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Copper (Cu) in trace amounts is essential for biological organisms. However, dysregulation of the redox-active metal has been implicated in different neurological disorders such as Wilson's, Menkes', Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's diseases. Since many households use Cu tubing in the plumbing system, and corrosion causes...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233713491805
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we investigated the protective effect of pentoxifilline (PTX) on smoking-induced damage in rat kidney tissues. Twenty-seven male Wistar rats were used in the study. Animals were divided into three equal groups as follows: Group 1: control group with only normal saline (NS; 0.9% NaCl) injection for 8 wee...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233710387006
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:In this study, biological exposure indicators were used to assess the exposure of workers to cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), and nickel (Ni) in nonferrous metal smelters. METHODS:A total of 273 male participants (178 exposed and 95 nonexposed control group), working in nonferrous metal foundries lo...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233715589262
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Paraquat has been shown to be a highly toxic compound for humans and animals, and many cases of acute poisoning and death have been reported over the past few decades. The present study was undertaken to evaluate comprehensively herbicides (Paraquat) and some plant extracts to biochemical aspects of Lymnaea natalensis...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233713498457
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Female Macaca fascicularis monkeys were given daily oral doses of 3.0 and 4.25 mg/kg lead, as lead nitrate, prior to breeding, and exposure was maintained throughout gestation and terminated at parturition. No overt signs of lead toxicity were observed in the maternal monkeys. The offspring were tested at 6 to 18 mont...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/074823378600200101
更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study focuses on investigating the possible protective effect of sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) and/or vitamin E against mercuric chloride (HgCl2)-induced hepatotoxicity in rat. Male rats were given HgCl2 (1 mg/kg body weight (bw)) and HgCl2 plus Na2SeO3 (0.25 mg/kg bw) and/or vitamin E (100 mg/kg bw) daily via gavage...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233715572561
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4; CAS No. 556-67-2) is used as a monomer in the manufacture of polymeric materials, which are widely used in various industrial and/or medical applications, such as breast implants. D4 has a relatively low order of toxicity following acute administration via the oral, dermal, and inhala...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233716670061
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The actual stage of the development of Kosovo is characterized by the concerning levels of environmental pollution and the serious health problems attributed to the emission of pollutants into air, soil and water. In this context, river pollution is one of the main threats due to the discharge of untreated urban and i...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233718773027
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A comparative potency method for cancer risk assessment has been developed based on a constant relative potency hypothesis. This method was developed and tested using data from a battery of short-term mutagenesis bioassays, animal tumorigenicity data and human lung cancer risk estimations. This data base was developed...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/074823378500100412
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Within hours after the terrorist attack on the Pentagon on September 11, 2001, an extensive sampling effort was initiated within the building to include surface wipe sampling for select coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), congeners of polychlorinated dibenzo(p)dioxins and dibenzofurans (dioxins/furans) and lead...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1191/0748233701th106oa
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In allelopathy, one plant suppresses the growth and development of other plant/plants by negatively affecting a variety of physiological and biochemical reactions. We checked the effects of methanolic extracts (allelochemical extracts) of Phytolacca latbenia (Moq.) H. Walter on antioxidant enzyme activities such as pe...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233713483205
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Maneb is a dithiocarbamate fungicide that contains manganese. Dithiocarbamates are considered to be chemicals of low toxicity. An experimental group (n = 10) received maneb (obtained from Hoecht-Shering) at a concentration of 250 ppm in distilled water five days a week (treatment time is three weeks). It was orally ad...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233706070851
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The health implications of a mean increase in blood pressure on the order of 5 mm Hg among young persons are explored primarily from a public health point of view. After an overview of the epidemiologic behavior of human blood pressure is provided, the phenomenon of "tracking" of blood pressure is examined as is the p...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/074823378500100302
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Insulin resistance (IR) is recognized as a contributory factor for a variety of liver diseases. The present study investigates the susceptibility of liver to the toxic actions of carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) in a rat model of IR, induced by feeding a high-fructose diet (60 g/100 g) for 30 days. A sub-lethal dose of C...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233709359273
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study on the effect of genetically modified (GM) and non-GM canola on soybean was carried out for physiological and biochemical biosafety assessment of GM canola. Methanolic extracts of GM and non-GM canola were assessed on seed germination and growth of soybean (Glycine max L.) under sterilized conditions. The e...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233713501366
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two prospective, longitudinal studies-one in North Carolina and one in Michigan-have examined effects of prenatal polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure on behavioral and cognitive development in infants and children. The Michigan cohort was selected to overrepresent the offspring of women who had eaten relatively la...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/074823379601200315
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of different methylmercury (MeHg) forms on the immune system and the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis were assessed. The lymphocyte response to Concanavalin A (Con A) stimulation, blood levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), adrenocorticotrophin hormone (ACTH), and corticosterone in the presence of diffe...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/074823379701300105
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metalworking fluids (MWFs) are complex formulations designed for effective lubricating, cooling, and cleaning tools and parts during machining operations. Adverse health effects such as respiratory symptoms, dermatitis, and cancer have been reported in workers exposed to MWFs. Several constituents of MWFs have been im...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233716653912
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atmospheric acid precursor emissions in Asia are increasing at a significant rate. This is expected to continue for the next several years. This main purpose for this study is to observe the concentration variations of PM(2.5), PM(2.5-10), PM(10), total suspended particulates (TSP), atmospheric particulates, and dry d...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233710375950
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:People live in the mountains distributed across the world and are exposed to reduced inspired oxygen and lower barometric pressure along with other factors that lead to high-altitude diseases. The present study was conducted to examine what extent of marketed medicines used in the management of high-altitude sickness ...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233710369125
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sorption of three pesticides on geologic material ranging in organic carbon content from 0.33 to 6.9 g kg-1 was measured in soil columns using a miscible displacement technique. An octanol-water partitioning model was shown to be inappropriate for predicting sorption of the less hydrophobic pesticides on the low organ...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/074823378800400306
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A preliminary study of dermal and respiratory exposure to chlorpyrifos (Dursban TC) during structural treatments was conducted with eight workers from a commercial pest control company. The compound was applied by sub-slab and soil injection to four houses, with each application involving two workers. Crawl space appl...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/074823379000600301
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Holothuria polii (Delle Chiaje, 1823) (Holothuriidae) is a sea cucumber inhabiting Mediterranean Sea coast of Egypt. The bioactive compound of its tegument has antifungal, antibacterial and antiparasitic effects. The present study aims to elucidate the structure of the bioactive material of H. polii for pharmacologica...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233712466135
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Printing workers experience a high rate of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This study aims to determine the prevalence of MSDs, estimate serum biomarkers denoting musculoskeletal tissue changes, and determine some individual risk factors for MSDs among Egyptian printing workers. METHODS:Eighty-five male pr...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233720977399
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acetaminophen (APAP) is widely used in the treatment of pain. Toxic doses of APAP cause acute liver failure, but therapeutic doses are believed to be safe. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of administration of subtoxic doses of APAP on liver and blood levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233713498439
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxidative stress is accepted as a potential responsible mechanism in the pathogenesis of radiocontrast media (RCM)-induced hepatotoxicity. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of ebselen against RCM-induced hepatotoxicity by measuring tissue oxidant/antioxidant parameters and histological changes ...
journal_title：Toxicology and industrial health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0748233712442730
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
