Computed tomographic density changes in schizophrenic and manic Nigerian subjects.

Abstract:

:There is paucity of computed tomography (CT) studies from developing countries, where schizophrenia is said to have more favourable outcome and present predominantly with positive symptoms. We highlight the densitometric analysis of frontal and parietal areas, assessed by tracing of regions of interest on the slice that passes through the foramen of Monro and the pineal gland. The relationships of the density values with clinical and CT measures were investigated. Fifty schizophrenics, 14 manic and 41 normal subjects were compared. The schizophrenics were assessed with Andreasen's scale for negative symptoms, and outcome was based on the social and clinical condition in the past year. There were no significant differences in mean ages and brain slice area across the groups. In analysis of variance, schizophrenics and manics had significantly higher frontal density than normals. Schizophrenics had significantly higher parietal density than manics and normals (p < 0.001). Parietal density was significantly higher than frontal density, for schizophrenics and normals (p < 0.001). For the patients, density values were not significantly correlated with linear CT measures of atrophy (e.g. ventricle: brain area ratio) and duration of illness. Density values were not significantly associated with outcome, presence of negative symptoms, and visual ratings of cortical sulci and central atrophy. Our findings indicate that schizophrenia in developing countries is also associated with non-specific brain abnormalities.

journal_name

Behav Neurol

journal_title

Behavioural neurology

authors

Ohaeri JU,Adeyinka AO,Osuntokun BO

doi

10.3233/BEN-1995-8104

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1995-01-01 00:00:00

pages

31-7

issue

1

eissn

0953-4180

issn

1875-8584

pii

K01P5062524TR144

journal_volume

8

pub_type

杂志文章
  • The Effects of Gender Differences in Patients with Depression on Their Emotional Working Memory and Emotional Experience.

    abstract::A large amount of research has been conducted on the effects of sex hormones on gender differences in patients with depression, yet research on cognitive differences between male and female patients with depression is insufficient. This study uses emotion pictures to investigate the differences of the emotional workin...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1155/2015/807343

    authors: Li M,Lu S,Wang G,Zhong N

    更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00

  • Association between Neuron-Specific Enolase Gene Polymorphism and Delayed Encephalopathy after Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning.

    abstract:Objective:The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between neuron-specific enolase (NSE) gene polymorphism and delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning (DEACMP) and provide a theoretical basis for DEACMP pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis. Methods:To investigate this relationship, w...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1155/2020/8819210

    authors: Xu L,Liu X,Zhao J,Zeng J,Gu J,Zhang X,Zhang F,Han Y,Li W,Zhang P,Gu R

    更新日期:2020-10-14 00:00:00

  • Scoping Review of the Driving Behaviour of and Driver Training Programs for People on the Autism Spectrum.

    abstract::Gaining a driver's licence represents increased independence and can lead to improved quality of life for individuals and their families. Learning to drive a motor vehicle and maintaining safe on-road skills are often more difficult for people on the autism spectrum. Many countries currently have no autism-specific li...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1155/2018/6842306

    authors: Wilson NJ,Lee HC,Vaz S,Vindin P,Cordier R

    更新日期:2018-08-28 00:00:00

  • Identifying the Symptom Severity in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder for Classification and Prediction: An Artificial Neural Network Approach.

    abstract::The present study is aimed at identifying the most prominent determinants of OCD along with their strength to classify the OCD patients from healthy controls. The data for this cross-sectional study were collected from 200 diagnosed OCD patients and 400 healthy controls. The respondents were selected through purposive...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1155/2020/2678718

    authors: Shahzad MN,Suleman M,Ahmed MA,Riaz A,Fatima K

    更新日期:2020-06-22 00:00:00

  • Objectively Measured Physical Activity Is Associated with Brain Volumetric Measurements in Multiple Sclerosis.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Little is known about physical activity and its association with volumes of whole brain gray matter and white matter and deep gray matter structures in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). PURPOSE:This study examined the association between levels of physical activity and brain volumetric measures from mag...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1155/2015/482536

    authors: Klaren RE,Hubbard EA,Motl RW,Pilutti LA,Wetter NC,Sutton BP

    更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00

  • Empirical research on déjà vu experiences: a review.

    abstract::A déjà vu experience is a dissociative phenomenon, which can be characterized as a subjectively inappropriate impression of familiarity of the present with an undefined past. This paper reviews empirical studies on déjà vu experiences and summarizes the most salient findings. Overall, the findings appear to be inconsi...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3233/BEN-1992-5303

    authors: Sno HN,Schalken HF,de Jonghe F

    更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00

  • Allographic agraphia for single letters.

    abstract::The case is reported of a patient (PS) who, following acute encephalitis with residual occipito-temporal damage, showed a selective deficit in writing cursive letters in isolation, but no difficulty to write cursive-case words and non-words. Notably, he was able to recognize the same allographs he could not write and ...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3233/BEN-2012-119008

    authors: Menichelli A,Machetta F,Zadini A,Semenza C

    更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00

  • Familial comorbidity of bipolar disorder and multiple sclerosis: genetic susceptibility, coexistence or causal relationship?

    abstract::Our purpose in undertaking the present study was to examine the hypotheses proposed for explaining the frequent comorbidity of bipolar disorder and multiple sclerosis. One hypothesis posits that, when there is comorbidity, MS plays a causal role in psychiatric manifestations. Another suggests that both disorders have ...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3233/BEN-2012-110198

    authors: Kosmidis MH,Bozikas VP,Giannouli V,Karavatos A,Fokas K

    更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00

  • How to differentiate hemianesthesia from left tactile neglect: a preliminary case report.

    abstract::When assessing for the presence of hemianesthesia, the examiner touches the body of the patients, and requests that they report verbally the location of the delivered tactile stimulus. Contralesional omissions of single tactile stimuli, however, might be due to either primary somatosensory deficits or to spatial atten...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3233/BEN-2012-110225

    authors: Pitteri M,Venneri A,Meneghello F,Priftis K

    更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00

  • Voice recognition impairment in a blind Capgras patient.

    abstract::We report a case of a blind woman, M.N., who experienced the Capgras delusion. She thought that her pet cat had been replaced by a replica which was "ill-intentioned" towards her. M.N.'s case shows that the basis of the Capgras delusion cannot lie exclusively in damage to the visual system. However, testing of M.N.'s ...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3233/BEN-1993-6409

    authors: Reid I,Young AW,Hellawell DJ

    更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00

  • Biomarkers of Eating Disorders Using Support Vector Machine Analysis of Structural Neuroimaging Data: Preliminary Results.

    abstract::Presently, there are no valid biomarkers to identify individuals with eating disorders (ED). The aim of this work was to assess the feasibility of a machine learning method for extracting reliable neuroimaging features allowing individual categorization of patients with ED. Support Vector Machine (SVM) technique, comb...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1155/2015/924814

    authors: Cerasa A,Castiglioni I,Salvatore C,Funaro A,Martino I,Alfano S,Donzuso G,Perrotta P,Gioia MC,Gilardi MC,Quattrone A

    更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00

  • Dissociative disturbance in Hangul-Hanja reading after a left posterior occipital lesion.

    abstract::Since the Korean language has two distinct writing systems, phonogram (Hangul) and ideogram (Hanja: Chinese characters), alexia can present with dissociative disturbances in reading between the two systems. A 74-year-old right-handed man presented with a prominent reading impairment in Hangul with agraphia of both Han...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3233/BEN-2008-0211

    authors: Park KC,Yoon SS

    更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00

  • Efficacy of Cognitive Rehabilitation Therapy on Poststroke Depression among Survivors of First Stroke Attack in Ibadan, Nigeria.

    abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Poststroke depression (PSD) is a common complication after stroke. There is no adequate treatment for PSD. This study examined efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation therapy (CRT) in the treatment of PSD among stroke survivors. METHODS:An experimental design, 30 participants with poststroke depres...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1155/2017/4058124

    authors: Olukolade O,Osinowo HO

    更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00

  • Writing errors and anosognosia in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with dementia.

    abstract::Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with dementia (ALS-D) is known to exhibit characteristics of frontotemporal dementia. However, in clinical situations, it is often difficult to evaluate their cognitive functions because of impaired voluntary speech and physical disabilities. In order to identify characteristic and ...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1155/2008/814846

    authors: Ichikawa H,Koyama S,Ohno H,Ishihara K,Nagumo K,Kawamura M

    更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00

  • The role of dopamine and glutamate modulation in Huntington disease.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Huntington disease (HD) is an inherited neuropsychiatric condition with progressive neurodegenerative changes, mainly affecting the striatum. Pathological processes within the striatum are likely to lead to alterations in dopamine and glutamate activity in frontostriatal circuitry, resulting in characteristi...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3233/BEN-2012-120268

    authors: Mittal SK,Eddy C

    更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00

  • Mirror-reversal of a face is perceived as expressing emotions more intensely.

    abstract::This study examined hemispatial bias in a free-viewing condition of the judgement of facial expressions of emotions. Right-handed male subjects were asked to judge the intensity, in terms of expressiveness, of facial emotion in normal and mirror-reversed orientations. Expressions in mirror-reversed orientation were pe...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3233/BEN-1996-93-402

    authors: Asthana HS,Mandal MK

    更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00

  • Association between hypotension, low ejection fraction and cognitive performance in cardiac patients.

    abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Impaired cardiac function can adversely affect the brain via decreased perfusion. The purpose of this study was to determine if cardiac ejection fraction (EF) is associated with cognitive performance, and whether this is modified by low blood pressure. METHODS:Neuropsychological testing evaluati...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3233/BEN-2009-0261

    authors: Gottesman RF,Grega MA,Bailey MM,Zeger SL,Baumgartner WA,McKhann GM,Selnes OA

    更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00

  • Neuropsychological and Emotional Functioning in Patients with Cushing's Syndrome.

    abstract::Patients with Cushing's syndrome (CS) frequently report impairments in cognitive and emotional functioning. Given neuroimaging research that implicates alterations in structure and function in the brain in this population, goals of this study were to investigate neuropsychological and emotional functioning, with parti...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1155/2020/4064370

    authors: Na S,Fernandes MA,Ioachimescu AG,Penna S

    更新日期:2020-08-07 00:00:00

  • Two forms of palilalia: a clinicoanatomical study.

    abstract::The clinical and neuroradiological findings of three patients with marked palilalia due to different neurological disorders are reported. These cases and others in the literature suggest the possibility of different variations. "Spasmodic, heterophonic palilalia" is typically observed in Parkinson's syndrome and pseud...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3233/BEN-1992-5407

    authors: Ikeda M,Tanabe H

    更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00

  • A Repeated Measures Pilot Comparison of Trajectories of Fluctuating Endogenous Hormones in Young Women with Traumatic Brain Injury, Healthy Controls.

    abstract:Objective:To compare baseline and 72-hour hormone levels in women with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and controls. Setting:Hospital emergency department. Participants:21 women ages 18-35 with TBI and 21 controls. Design:Repeated measures. Main Measures:Serum samples at baseline and 72 hours; immunoassays for estradi...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1155/2019/7694503

    authors: Niemeier JP,Perrin PB,Hurst BS,Foureau DM,Huynh TT,Evans SL,Silverman JE,Elise McClannahan M,Brusch BD,Newman M,Mougeot JL,Wagner AK

    更新日期:2019-02-12 00:00:00

  • Prefrontal abilities.

    abstract::The neuroanatomical region that has most prominently altered with the advancing cognitive competency of the human is the prefrontal cortex, particularly the rostral extreme. While the prefrontal cortex does not appear to contain the neural networks that carry out cognitive activities, the management of these high leve...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3233/BEN-1993-6202

    authors: Benson DF

    更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00

  • Alois Alzheimer and Gaetano Perusini: should man divide what fate united?

    abstract::Three points of interest lie in considering how Alzheimer, and more significantly Perusini, struggled to throw light on the cause of this devastating disease. There is a stimulating possibility that Perusini believed presenile forms of Alzheimer's disease described the same disease as senile forms. If so this would an...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3233/BEN-1997-10401

    authors: Macchi G,Brahe C,Pomponi M

    更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00

  • Impaired initiation but not execution of contralesional saccades in hemispatial neglect.

    abstract::Patients with unilateral neglect are impaired at making saccades to contralesional targets. Whether this problem arises from a deficit in perception, in planning the saccade or in executing the eye movement or some combination thereof remains unclear. We measured several variables related to the initiation and executi...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi:10.1155/2002/253201

    authors: Behrmann M,Ghiselli-Crippa T,Dimatteo I

    更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00

  • Thalamic lesions: a radiological review.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Thalamic lesions are seen in a multitude of disorders including vascular diseases, metabolic disorders, inflammatory diseases, trauma, tumours, and infections. In some diseases, thalamic involvement is typical and sometimes isolated, while in other diseases thalamic lesions are observed only occasionally (of...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1155/2014/154631

    authors: Renard D,Castelnovo G,Campello C,Bouly S,Le Floch A,Thouvenot E,Waconge A,Taieb G

    更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00

  • Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depressive Symptoms in Patients with Myasthenia Gravis: A Cross-Sectional Study of Two Tertiary Hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

    abstract:Objectives:This study is aimed at elucidating the prevalence of depression in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) and examining the risk factors associated with depression. Methods:We evaluated adult patients with MG who were recruited from two tertiary hospitals in the central region (Riyadh) of Saudi Arabia. Data w...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1155/2019/9367453

    authors: Alanazy MH

    更新日期:2019-09-15 00:00:00

  • Obsessive compulsive disorder in a woman with left basal ganglia infarct: A case report.

    abstract::This report presents a syndrome resembling obsessive convulsive disorder (OCD) secondary to a stroke in the left basal ganglia. The patient's syndrome is virtually identical to those that have been described in bilateral damage of the basal ganglia. However, the stroke described in this case report is located unilater...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3233/BEN-1997-102-308

    authors: Lopez-Rodriguez F,Gunay I,Glaser N

    更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00

  • Structural neuroimaging in the detection and prognosis of pre-clinical and early AD.

    abstract::Current research supports the strong potential of structural MRI profiles, even within cross-sectional designs, as a promising method for the discrimination of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) from normal controls and for the prediction of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) progression and conversion to AD. Findings suggest that...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3233/BEN-2009-0230

    authors: Fennema-Notestine C,McEvoy LK,Hagler DJ Jr,Jacobson MW,Dale AM,The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative.

    更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00

  • Robotics in Lower-Limb Rehabilitation after Stroke.

    abstract::With the increase in the elderly, stroke has become a common disease, often leading to motor dysfunction and even permanent disability. Lower-limb rehabilitation robots can help patients to carry out reasonable and effective training to improve the motor function of paralyzed extremity. In this paper, the developments...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1155/2017/3731802

    authors: Zhang X,Yue Z,Wang J

    更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00

  • Mediational Model of Multiple Sclerosis Impairments, Family Needs, and Caregiver Mental Health in Guadalajara, Mexico.

    abstract::Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS), especially those living in Latin America, often require assistance from family caregivers throughout the duration of the disease. Previous research suggests that family caregivers may experience positive and negative outcomes from providing care to individuals with MS, but few...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1155/2018/8929735

    authors: Mickens MN,Perrin PB,Aguayo A,Rabago B,Macías-Islas MA,Arango-Lasprilla JC

    更新日期:2018-01-17 00:00:00

  • Correlation analysis of sleep quality and youth ischemic stroke.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study risk factors related to ischemic stroke (IS) in youth and the influence of sleep quality on youth ischemic stroke incidence. METHODS:223 patients aged 18 to 45 years who were admitted to Puyang People's Hospital from June 2011 to February 2013 with a first-ever ischemic stroke were selected as the r...

    journal_title:Behavioural neurology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1155/2014/246841

    authors: Zhang S,Chang C,Zhang J,Song B,Fang H,Xu Y

    更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00